ESA Document - Emits - ESA

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4.3.3.6 Waste production
HMM
Assessment Study
Report: CDF-20(A)
February 2004
page 273 of 422
Besides the already presented production of faecal material by the crew, the crew will produce
additional organic and inorganic waste. Organic waste will consist of hair, nail clippings, skin
material, kitchen waste, food leftovers. The total amount of such organic waste has been
estimated to be 0.1 kg/crew/day. It was not possible to quantify the total amount of inorganic
waste produced by the crew per day due to the lack of data. However, reviewing existing data
and other sizing tools, the amount of inorganic waste produced by the crew per day was
estimated to be around 0.6 kg/crew/day. This includes:
0.05 kg/d cleaning supplies
0.1 kg/d waste collection supplies
0.1 kg/d contingency collection mitten bags
0.1 kg/d hygiene supplies
0.2 kg/d wet wipes for house cleaning
However, a significant fraction of the inorganic waste will come from the food packaging. For
this study the ratio of packaging weight to food content has been set to:
0.4 kgpackaging/kgdryfood
4.3.3.7 EVA considerations
An efficient manned mission to Mars needs to take advantage of the unique skills of human
beings. Extravehicular activities must be maximized without compromising the safety of the
crew and equipment as well as keep within reasonable budgetary boundaries.
The study started by investigating current-day EVA capabilities and protocols and determine
their applicability to the CDF Mars mission scenario.
4.3.3.7.1 EVA scenario
A crew of three is landing on Martian surface for duration of 30 days. The first week will be
used to perform post-landing tasks inside the MEV and to get accustomed to the gravity on the
surface. About two weeks of surface stay will be used for seven sorties of a crew of two. The
remaining time is used for pre-departure tasks.
7days 14days 7days
6h
42h
Figure 4-25: EVA scenario