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s Figure 3-29: Baseline design complete overview 3.3.2 Environmental control and life support system The life support system comprises the following subsystems: • Atmosphere Supply and Control • Atmosphere Revitalization • Temperature and Humidity Control • Water Management • Waste Management • Food Management • Safety • EVA Provisions • Hygiene • Crew Accommodations HMM Assessment Study Report: CDF-20(A) February 2004 page 154 of 422 © LIQUIFER
s 3.3.2.1 Requirements and design drivers HMM Assessment Study Report: CDF-20(A) February 2004 page 155 of 422 The metabolic needs of the crew have been calculated using the correlations given in <strong>ESA</strong> standard PSS-03-406 and crosschecked with relevant sources. The entire calculations have been based on the energy expenditure of the crew. The schedule for crew activity is shown in Table 3-11. EVA has not been considered because it shall be a kept to a minimum during the interplanetary mission phase and would negatively influence the energy estimate by overestimating the needs. Activity (hours) Astronaut 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sleep 8 8 8 8 8 8 Pre- and post sleep 5 5 5 5 5 5 Leisure activities 0 0 0 0 0 0 Personal hygiene 1 1 1 1 1 1 Eating 2 2 2 2 2 2 Exercise 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 Station keeping 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 Laboratory activities 2 2 2 2 2 2 EVA mission tasks 0 0 0 0 0 0 EMU donning/doffing 0 0 0 0 0 0 Egress/ingress 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pre-EVA setup & post EVA EMU care 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL TIME (24hrs) 24 24 24 24 24 24 Table 3-11: Crew Activity Schedule during Earth-Mars transits and in orbit around Mars Based on the energy expenditure, the metabolic needs and products by the crew have been estimated. They are shown in Table 3-12: Per day Per mission Total metabolic needs Energy consumption (W*h) 18 053 17 385 078 Energy consumption (MJ) 65.0 62 587 Oxygen consumption (m 3 ) 3 3120 Oxygen consumption (kg) 5 4458 Drinking water (m 3 ) 0 16 Drinking water (kg) 17 16424 Dry food (kg) Total waste production 4 3894 Faeces (kg) 0 428 Carbon dioxide production (m 3 ) 3 2570 Metabolic water production (kg) 2 1842 Urine production (kg) 9 8902 Faecal liquids (kg) 0 462 Insensible water (kg) Additional informtion 9 8902 Hygiene water (kg) 24 23112 Nitrogen (kg) 91 Table 3-12: Metabolic needs and products of the crew
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s HMM Assessment Study Report: CDF-
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s STUDY TEAM HMM Assessment Study R
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s T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S HMM
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s L I S T O F F I G U R E S HMM Ass
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s L I S T O F T A B L E S HMM Asses
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s 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background HMM
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s 2 GENERAL ARCHITECTURE 2.1 Study
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s 2.2.4.2 Accelerations HMM Assessm
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s 2.2.4.4 Temperature and relative
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s Figure 2-10: Trajectory Overview
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s 2.4.3.5 TEI and planetary protect
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s Mars Excursion Vehicle Transfer H
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s 2.7.5.1 Mission elements dry mass
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s 2.7.5.8 MEV release The MEV is re
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s Total mission time (days) 1200 10
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s stack 9 Propellant mass of the ne
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s The core supporting structure has
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s 2.7.7.1.3 Mars excursion module S
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s 2.7.7.1.4 Earth return capsule HM
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s Mission Phase Description Event s
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s Mission Phase Description Event s
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s 2.7.10 Mission performance Table
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s Days on Martian surface 450 400 3
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s Maximum manoeuvre duration 6 mont
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s % of loss from baseline 20 18 16
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s 2.7.15 Sensitivity analysis HMM A
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s 2.7.15.4 Influence of the mass of
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s Parameters used: • No Shuttle
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s 2.8.3.3 Launch 3- Front node Figu
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Page 109 and 110: s 2.10.1.4 Communications HMM Asses
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Page 117 and 118: s Basic RF link Four 70-m Ka-band s
Page 125 and 126: s 3 TRANSFER VEHICLE 3.1 Systems…
Page 127 and 128: s Operational Requirements It shall
Page 129 and 130: s Trans Mars Injection Module Mars
Page 131 and 132: s Figure 3-2: Parallel configuratio
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Page 139 and 140: s Figure 3-16: Recommendations for
Page 141 and 142: s Factors to be considered Impacts
Page 149 and 150: s Figure 3-24: Baseline design back
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Page 153: s Module part 3............= 0 m 3
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Page 177 and 178: s flux [W/m2] 250 200 150 100 50 0
Page 179 and 180: s Figure 3-38: Power required to ma
Page 185 and 186: s 3.3.4.3 Assumptions and trade-off
Page 187 and 188: s 3.3.4.3.3 Power conditioning and
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Page 193 and 194: s Configuration Length (m) Total ma
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s 3.3.6.2 Baseline design HMM Asses
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s 5 Reduce 2dB pointing precision t
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s 70-m antenna 70-m antenna 3.3.7.5
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s Angular separation SEM > 10º SEM
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s Figure 3-63: Communications MEV/M
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s Element 1: Transfer Habitation Mo
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s Radiation Shielding Shielding Req
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s The propulsion system and its cha
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s Item Nr. Mass [kg] Margin [%] Mas
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s 3.4.4 Mechanisms HMM Assessment S
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s 4 MARS EXCURSION VEHICLE 4.1 Syst
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s Figure 4-2: Option 2: Vertical co
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s 4.3 Surface habitation module Fig
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s Figure 4-11: Section through the
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s 4.3.1.5.3 Top level Figure 4-20:
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s Schedule in hours for the most ac
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s 4.3.3.6 Waste production HMM Asse
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s Figure 4-26: Total pressure vs. O
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s ECLS system mass: Figure 4-27: Ma
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s Figure 4-28: Mars albedo (L), ars
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s sun flux (W/m2) 450 400 350 300 2
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s Insulation structure (external) F
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s cryocooler heat lift [W] cryocool
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s • a duty cycle value (duration
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s Figure 4-48: MAV Power Inputs HMM
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s 4.3.5.4.2 Power storage HMM Asses
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s Figure 4-52: Regenerative Fuel Ce
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s Figure 4-54: Solar irradiance on
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s 450.00 400.00 350.00 300.00 250.0
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s 4.3.6.1 Budgets HMM Assessment St
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s Surface Surface Container MAV Con
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s 4.3.9.3 Baseline design 4.3.9.3.1
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s Bio-Lock Masses: Core Samples No.
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s Figure 4-72: Entry Velocity (L) a
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s 2 3.9 233 923.1 347 923 12.3 352
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s Figure 4-85: Communications MEV/M
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s 4.4.5.3.2 GNC equipment HMM Asses
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s 4.4.5.4 Control laws generation H
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s Finally, the Figure 4-97 shown th
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s velocity (m/sec) altitude (km) 50
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s 4.5 Mars Ascent Vehicle 4.5.1 Tra
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s Term Value Unit Radius of equator
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s 4.5.2.1 Requirements and design d
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s Inclination (deg) 47.5 47 46.5 46
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s 4.5.3 Structures HMM Assessment S
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s 4.5.5 Thermal HMM Assessment Stud
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s 4.5.5.3 Baseline thermal design H
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s Crew Ingress/Egress Hatch: HMM As
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s Element 3: Mars Ascent Vehicle HM
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s 4.5.7.5 Budgets Characteristic Va
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s PER DAY PER MISSION DRINKING WATE
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s 5 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS HMM Assessm
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s 6 APPENDIX A - MARTIAN SURFACE NU
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s Figure 6-1: Example of buried rea
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s 7 APPENDIX B - REFERENCES [RD1] C
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s [RD26] IES2, Phase A0: Final Repo
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s [RD85] Mars Transportation Enviro
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s 8 APPENDIX C - ACRONYMS AAA Avion
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s MLI Multi-Layer Insulation MMH Mo
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