ESA Document - Emits - ESA

s
HMM
Assessment Study
Report: CDF-20(A)
February 2004
page 112 of 422
It is not excluded that special components/instruments are controlled within boundaries set by
the major tasks via special centres (called National Control Centres in Figure 2-60).
2.10.2.2 Major mission tasks
2.10.2.2.1 Launches
Ariane
It is assumed that the Ariane launches are based on a derivative of the ATV launches. The
operation of the ATV is assumed to be performed by the CNES ATV operations centre. The
approach and associated recurrent costs are assumed to be similar to currently planned ATV
operations at the ISS.
Because of the complexity of the cargo and its sophisticated subsystems a purely passive launch
is not assumed, so the cargo operations therefore require an operational effort. This is assumed to
be provided by the LEO Assembly task.
Considerable nonrecurrent effort is required to develop the launch, rendezvous and docking
concept under consideration of the safety and complexity of the to-be-assembled large
composite. This effort is shared between the Ariane launch task and the LEO Assembly task.
Proton
It is assumed that the Proton launches are based on a derivative of a Russian upper stage (e.g.
Fregat-based TBC). The operation of the vehicle is assumed to be performed in Russia. The
approach and associated recurrent costs for the upper stage operation are assumed to be similar
to currently planned Soyuz flights to the ISS. The effort is assumed to be included in the launch
costs.
Because of the complexity of the cargo and its sophisticated subsystems a purely passive launch
is not assumed TBC, the cargo operations thus require a TBD operational effort. This is assumed
to be provided by the LEO Assembly task.
Considerable nonrecurrent effort is required to develop the launch, rendezvous and docking
concept under consideration of the safety and complexity of the to-be-assembled large
composite. This effort is shared between the Proton launch task and the LEO Assembly task.
Soyuz
The Soyuz missions are assumed to resemble those to the ISS. The missions are bought in
Russia.
Energia
For the delivery of the composite elements to the assembly composite it is assumed that the
Energia’s upper stage is used. This may introduce some design changes in the actual design of
the RCS.
As far as the Energia launch to low circular orbit is concerned, this is bought including
operations in Russia.
The upper stage operations are assumed to be directed from a dedicated operations centre.