Minerals Report - International Seabed Authority
Minerals Report - International Seabed Authority Minerals Report - International Seabed Authority
een discovered in the basin, including the Marlin, the Roncador, the Barracuda, the South and East Marlin, and the 539. He described the latter as the largest field discovered in the Campos basin, with one well drilled so far. He said that presently, Brazil’s proven oil reserves are estimated at 9.5 billion barrels of oil equivalent, with total reserves estimated at 17.3 billion barrels of oil equivalent. He also said that 40 per cent of the proven reserves are found in water depths ranging between 400 and 1,000 metres, and 31 per cent are found in water depths in excess of 1,000 metres or in ultra deep waters. He said that over 50 per cent of the total reserves of the company are found in ultra deep waters. With a graph, Dr. Viera de Macedo explained to participants the potential for undiscovered oil and natural gas resources in Brazil. He pointed out that based on current information, it is estimated that 49 and 12 per cent of the total potential resources are in ultra deep and deep waters respectively. Based on this consideration, Dr. Viera de Macedo said that Petrobras would have to continue to develop its offshore production technology if it wished to be able to take advantage of this potential. He said that on 17 March 2000, Petrobras achieved a daily production rate of 1.26 million barrels that was made up of 55 per cent from deep-water fields, 25 per cent from water depths below 400 metres, and 20 per cent from terrestrial sources. Dr. Viera de Macedo informed participants that because oil deposits in deep water fields in the world have different characteristics, operators in these regions have developed different approaches to exploration and production. He said that in the Campos basin, Petrobras faced challenges arising from shallow reservoirs and therefore relatively cold oil and gas in the reservoirs, and unconsolidated sandstones that caused many problems during drilling. He pointed out however that despite high currents, the environmental conditions are mild. He said that in the Campos basin Petrobras found steep slopes on the seabed where the biggest fields were found, including canyons. He also said that several coral mounds that result in difficulties in placing equipment on the seafloor were also found. He informed participants that available infrastructure that was relatively close to the fields helped the company to overcome these difficulties. He said that presently Petrobras has 5 exploration rigs in the Campos basin, and 19 rigs for production. INTERNATIONAL SEABED AUTHORITY 840
Due to reservoir characteristics and environmental conditions, Dr. Viera de Macedo said that Petrobras utilizes sub sea equipment and floating production units to develop its fields in deep water. He said that well development is in phases because Brazil as a developing country does not have the funds to completely develop a field in a single step. He said that as revenue is generated from a field, this applied to the completion of a phase in another field. As a result, Dr. Viera de Macedo said that Petrobras has a lower capital exposure, an early cash flow and a high level of flexibility. He said that this was achieved in partnership with Petrobras’ main suppliers and some sub sea companies, without the help of any other operators. Dr. Viera said that Petrobras has set a number of world records in well completions, including the 1997 well completion in Campos basin at a water depth of 124 metres. He also said that the company had set records in drilling depths, including in the 1982, a well at 5,600 feet water depth, in 1999, two wells below 8,000 feet, and in 2000 an exploratory well at 9,150 feet water depths. He said that deepest field in Campos basin is the Roncador field, which was started with an early production system consisting of two wells. He said that this field was developed less than ten months after discovery. He said that the two wells have been in production since January 1995, and produce more than 20,000 barrels a day. Dr. Viera de Macedo said that at Roncador, Petrobras has its deepest well completion and production. He said that the FPSO is positioned above the well, which is at a water depth of 1,877 metres. He said the production system is the only dynamically positioned FPSO in the world. Designed for 2,000 metres water depth, he said that this unique technology has made significant contributions to the world’s oil industry. Dr. Viera said that based on Petrobras’ current technology, the deepest fields that can be exploited can only to be down to 2,000 metres of water depth. He said that for deeper fields, Petrobras is looking at alternatives that include using dry completion units with the wellheads on top of the units, instead of on the seabed. He said that Petrobras has discovered that a heavier type of oil, around 15 to 20 degrees API, occurs in the deeper fields. In terms of reservoir management, he said that Petrobras realizes that improvements are required in its methods and the stimulators that it uses to INTERNATIONAL SEABED AUTHORITY 841
- Page 798 and 799: 70° 60° NORTH SEA -30° -20° -10
- Page 800 and 801: of 9.6 billion Sm 3 oil equivalents
- Page 802 and 803: Nor does it give rights or priority
- Page 804 and 805: 1 4. Data Management All data relat
- Page 806 and 807: possibility to evaluate the results
- Page 808 and 809: planning of future activities. The
- Page 810 and 811: SUMMARY OF THE PRESENTATION ON THE
- Page 812 and 813: in the Barents Sea there is still a
- Page 814 and 815: period that can last up to ten year
- Page 816 and 817: conditions in these areas, as well
- Page 818 and 819: designated by the Ministry. She sai
- Page 820 and 821: quantity of data involved in the in
- Page 822 and 823: operation (PDO) is normally prepare
- Page 824 and 825: to the data when an area is relinqu
- Page 826 and 827: CHAPTER 20 STATUS REPORT ON THE DAT
- Page 828 and 829: All the above-mentioned minerals oc
- Page 830 and 831: e water depths between 400 and 1,00
- Page 832 and 833: As far as the Government is concern
- Page 834 and 835: • Ordinance number 195, of Decemb
- Page 836 and 837: This tax must be paid up to January
- Page 838 and 839: the one whose burning is authorised
- Page 840 and 841: ANP may send a representative to fo
- Page 842 and 843: esources other than oil or natural
- Page 844 and 845: to the safety of persons and animal
- Page 846 and 847: found offshore Brazil. With regard
- Page 850 and 851: enhance oil recovery. He said that
- Page 852 and 853: g. Ordinance number 10 that regulat
- Page 854 and 855: He said that the environment has to
- Page 856 and 857: ids. These comprised five Brazilian
- Page 858 and 859: After oil exploration gained moment
- Page 860 and 861: Those who are entitled to the land
- Page 862 and 863: and replaced by the President, and
- Page 864 and 865: (ii) Assure the safety of navigatio
- Page 866 and 867: explorations may continue concurren
- Page 868 and 869: Appoint an authorized representativ
- Page 870 and 871: The contractor will recover all ope
- Page 872 and 873: of US dollar... (negotiable) within
- Page 874 and 875: Processing of products is subject t
- Page 876 and 877: are more than 30 articles in the va
- Page 878 and 879: SUMMARY OF THE PRESENTATION AND DIS
- Page 880 and 881: Ambassador Djalal informed particip
- Page 882 and 883: production-sharing contracts became
- Page 884 and 885: said that the remainder of the prod
- Page 886 and 887: and cooperation with Pertamina and
- Page 888 and 889: A participant wanted to know whethe
- Page 890 and 891: of CCOP/SOPAC was to promote and de
- Page 892 and 893: STAR was founded in 1985 in collabo
- Page 894 and 895: Since 1972, SOPAC has, on behalf of
- Page 896 and 897: France Seapso 1985-1986 Cook Is, Fi
Due to reservoir characteristics and environmental conditions, Dr.<br />
Viera de Macedo said that Petrobras utilizes sub sea equipment and floating<br />
production units to develop its fields in deep water. He said that well<br />
development is in phases because Brazil as a developing country does not<br />
have the funds to completely develop a field in a single step. He said that as<br />
revenue is generated from a field, this applied to the completion of a phase in<br />
another field. As a result, Dr. Viera de Macedo said that Petrobras has a lower<br />
capital exposure, an early cash flow and a high level of flexibility. He said<br />
that this was achieved in partnership with Petrobras’ main suppliers and<br />
some sub sea companies, without the help of any other operators.<br />
Dr. Viera said that Petrobras has set a number of world records in well<br />
completions, including the 1997 well completion in Campos basin at a water<br />
depth of 124 metres. He also said that the company had set records in drilling<br />
depths, including in the 1982, a well at 5,600 feet water depth, in 1999, two<br />
wells below 8,000 feet, and in 2000 an exploratory well at 9,150 feet water<br />
depths. He said that deepest field in Campos basin is the Roncador field,<br />
which was started with an early production system consisting of two wells.<br />
He said that this field was developed less than ten months after discovery. He<br />
said that the two wells have been in production since January 1995, and<br />
produce more than 20,000 barrels a day. Dr. Viera de Macedo said that at<br />
Roncador, Petrobras has its deepest well completion and production. He said<br />
that the FPSO is positioned above the well, which is at a water depth of 1,877<br />
metres. He said the production system is the only dynamically positioned<br />
FPSO in the world. Designed for 2,000 metres water depth, he said that this<br />
unique technology has made significant contributions to the world’s oil<br />
industry.<br />
Dr. Viera said that based on Petrobras’ current technology, the deepest<br />
fields that can be exploited can only to be down to 2,000 metres of water<br />
depth. He said that for deeper fields, Petrobras is looking at alternatives that<br />
include using dry completion units with the wellheads on top of the units,<br />
instead of on the seabed. He said that Petrobras has discovered that a heavier<br />
type of oil, around 15 to 20 degrees API, occurs in the deeper fields.<br />
In terms of reservoir management, he said that Petrobras realizes that<br />
improvements are required in its methods and the stimulators that it uses to<br />
INTERNATIONAL SEABED AUTHORITY 841
Change language