Technical Design Report Super Fragment Separator

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DRAFT Due to the still widely unknown processes of track creation and annealing we cannot predict the expected lifetime of the device. But it may become brittle very fast in the center whereas the outer structure can stay intact long enough. The iron part is damaged mainly by fast neutrons. Here electronic energy loss plays no role. As shown in Figure 2.4.113 the number of DPAs stays below 1. This should allow operation over the whole lifetime of the <strong>Super</strong>-FRS. Figure 2.4.113: PHITS simulation of DPAs from elastic collision, all values stay below 1 DPA for the whole lifetime of the device even with full uranium beam intensity over 15 years with 77 days continuous operation in each year (10 20 ions). The peak in carbon represents the end of the range near the maximum of nuclear stopping power. The initial spot size on the beam catcher was (2.5 x 1.1) cm 2 . From nuclear reactors it is well known that the material can also be modified by induced nuclear reactions. The amount of different elements created was calculated in a FLUKA [43] simulation of the beam catcher. Mainly helium is created in the graphite and the iron part. The ratio of atoms compared to carbon can reach 10 -5 (10 appm) in the graphite and 3⋅10 -6 (3 appm) in the iron after an assumed total irradiation by 10 20 uranium ions considering that not always exactly the same spot is hit on the same beam catcher. This may lead to swelling of the material. In iron many metals close in atomic number are produced which cause no additional damage. 2.4.11.1.6 Activation The PSI graphite wheel can serve as a reference for production of radionuclides in graphite [55]. In agreement with the FLUKA calculation they show mainly the production of 7 Be and 3 H. The FLUKA calculation for 100 days of irradiation with 10 12 Uranium at 1.5 GeV/u and a following waiting time of 2 days shows an activation of 2⋅10 12 Bq due to 7 Be and 9⋅10 10 Bq due to 3 H. The resulting dose rate from the 7 Be activity in 1 m distance is 15 mSv/h without shielding effects as defined in ref. [56], self-shielding by the carbon block reduces the value to 4 mSv/h. Even though most of the dose rate comes from 7 Be the gaseous long lived tritium has to be considered for handling. The activity from other nuclides is many orders of magnitude lower and mainly due to trace elements in the carbon [55]. The activation of the cooling water is similar to the activation of 122
DRAFT the carbon. Again mainly 7 Be is produced but the amount of water in the beam catcher is about a factor 10-100 less than carbon. In aluminium also long lived 22 Na is produced. More serious is the iron part of the beam catcher where more long-lived heavy nuclides are produced. A FLUKA simulation of a scenario of 4 times 90 days irradiation followed by 120 days waiting was done for a 10 12 /s uranium beam always hitting the same beam catcher after having passed the target. The resulting activity is summarized in Table 2.4.27. The conversion into ambient dose rate, H*(10), shows the strong value of 1.1 Sv/h 1 week after switching off the beam which is caused entirely by gamma radiation. This already includes the shielding by the thick iron block itself which blocks radiation from the inside with an absorption length depending on gamma energy [57]. A waiting time of 120 days would result in a dose rate of 290 mSv/h. Table 2.4.27: Table of nuclides contributing to more than 95% of the activity in the 340 kg iron of a beam catcher, 3 or 120 days after switching off the beam in the scenario described in the text. Pure beta emitters are marked by (β). nuclide T1/2 / days Activity (3d)/ Bq Activity (120d)/Bq 3 H 4498, β 6.3x10 11 6.2x10 11 7 Be 53.3 4.4x10 11 9.6x10 10 37 Ar 35.0, β 6.3x10 11 6.2x10 10 46 Sc 83.8 9.2x10 11 3.5x10 11 48 V 16.0 4.2x10 12 2.7x10 10 49 V 330 3.8x10 12 2.0x10 12 51 Cr 27.7 1.3x10 13 6.9x10 11 52 Mn 5.59 3.3x10 12 1.7x10 6 54 Mn 312 1.2x10 13 9.0x10 12 55 Fe 996, β 1.1x10 13 9.9x10 12 56 Co 77.3 4.7x10 11 1.6x10 11 2.4.11.1.7 Handling, infrastructure The dose rates mentioned above do not allow direct human access for maintenance. The plug system foreseen for the target will also be used for the beam catchers. The vacuum chamber at the exit of the dipole magnet needs to be very wide, cf. Figure 2.4.103. It is planned to build the vacuum chamber for the dipole magnet extended to incorporate the beam catcher. It also has to contain the iron shielding plug as usual vacuum seals can be used only on top of the plug. The whole setup of the three dipole magnets and the large vacuum chambers for the three beam catchers is shown in Figure 2.4.114. 123
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DRAFT Technical Design Report Super
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Preface DRAFT The International Fac
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Contents DRAFT 2.4.1 System Design
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DRAFT Table 2.4.1: Parameters of th
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DRAFT degrader stage which provides
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Pre-Separator DRAFT In order to acc
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DRAFT coupling coefficients is give
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DRAFT Table 2.4.3: First-order matr
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DRAFT Main-Separator to the high-en
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DRAFT Table 2.4.5: Transmission T o
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.15: Resolution nec
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.17: Spectrometer m
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DRAFT Table 2.4.8: Design parameter
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.20: Side view of t
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.23: Coil cross-sec
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.25: Flux density d
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Figure 2.4.29: Assembly of two half
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.31: Cross section
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Figure 2.4.34: Sketch of the therma
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DRAFT To fulfill the required field
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.39: The 3D model o
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DRAFT Pole radius mm 100 210 250 25
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.43: Front, side, a
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∆B/B 0.0 DRAFT Figure 2.4.46: Ave
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.50: 3D model of th
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.54 and Table 2.4.1
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DRAFT 2.4.2.3.1 Radiation resistant
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DRAFT The water-cooled radiator con
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DRAFT Table 2.4.17: Coil parameters
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.63: Field distribu
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.65: Multiplet conf
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DRAFT Table 2.4.21 summarizes the r
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2.4.2.6 Current Leads DRAFT The cur
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DRAFT Table 2.4.23 presents the lis
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2.4.3 Power Converters DRAFT The po
Page 71 and 72: SCR structure DRAFT Regarding high
Page 73 and 74: a) Chopper circuit 3x400V b) Half b
Page 75 and 76: External Control System Data transf
Page 77 and 78: DRAFT Figure 2.4.77: Arrangement of
Page 79 and 80: SuperFRS Power Supply Effective App
Page 81 and 82: DRAFT The locations for the differe
Page 83 and 84: DRAFT Figure 2.4.80: Beam induced f
Page 85 and 86: DRAFT Figure 2.4.82: Two hybrids ca
Page 87 and 88: DRAFT Figure 2.4.84: Left panel: TP
Page 89 and 90: DRAFT extracted beams. Its use for
Page 91 and 92: Time of Flight measurement DRAFT At
Page 93 and 94: DRAFT together. Another option is t
Page 95 and 96: DRAFT Figure 2.4.88: Pillow seal po
Page 97 and 98: DRAFT Figure 2.4.90: Setup at the m
Page 99 and 100: DRAFT An overview of the total vacu
Page 101 and 102: 2.4.7.4 Appendix - Technical Drawin
Page 103 and 104: DRAFT Figure 2.4.96: Diagnostic cha
Page 105 and 106: DRAFT Figure 2.4.98: Diagnostic cha
Page 107 and 108: DRAFT Figure 2.4.100: Diagnostic ch
Page 109 and 110: 2.4.8 Particles Sources n/a 2.4.9 E
Page 111 and 112: DRAFT movable, but BC3 must be able
Page 113 and 114: DRAFT Figure 2.4.106: Spot size of
Page 115 and 116: dE/dV [kJ/cm 3 ] 3 2 1 DRAFT includ
Page 117 and 118: 2.4.11.1.4 Design of the beam catch
Page 119 and 120: DRAFT Figure 2.4.110: Calculated eq
Page 121: DRAFT Figure 2.4.112: Location of b
Page 125 and 126: DRAFT maintenance of the carbon or
Page 127 and 128: DRAFT material) and received the an
Page 129 and 130: DRAFT commissioned in February 2005
Page 131 and 132: DRAFT Table 2.4.28: Typical beam pa
Page 133 and 134: DRAFT Figure 2.4.120: Surface tempe
Page 135 and 136: DRAFT Figure 2.4.123: Schematic lay
Page 137 and 138: DRAFT These results show that the i
Page 139 and 140: DRAFT Like in the case of the rotat
Page 141 and 142: DRAFT Figure 2.4.126: Left: Schemat
Page 143 and 144: DRAFT Figure 2.4.128: Schematic lay
Page 145 and 146: DRAFT Figure 2.4.129: Flow scheme o
Page 147 and 148: DRAFT Since the weight of the cold
Page 149 and 150: DRAFT With the cooling capacity spe
Page 151 and 152: DRAFT Figure 2.4.134: Schematic of
Page 153 and 154: S1 (a) Figure 2.4.136: (a) Zoom of
Page 155 and 156: 2.4.A Appendix DRAFT The appendix o
Page 157 and 158: DRAFT experiment the EXL community
Page 159 and 160: 2.4.A1.3 Slow control and monitorin
Page 161 and 162: DRAFT Figure 2.4.139: Architecture
Page 163 and 164: DRAFT all FAIR accelerators will be
Page 165 and 166: DRAFT source tier are split in two
Page 167 and 168: DRAFT coupled from the ACS which is
Page 169 and 170: DRAFT 2.4.A3.2 Work packages: descr
Page 171 and 172: 2.4.A3.2.4 Instrumentation Measurin
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DRAFT this, planning a network layo
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DRAFT 2.4.A3.3 Machine characterist
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DRAFT installation of RALF was done
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DRAFT The double ring synchrotrons,
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DRAFT The first refrigerator, Cryo1
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DRAFT shield 28874 + 25 g/s 22 bar
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LHe storage Helium storage Helium s
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Cryo2 Cryo3 CryoST DB 3 DRAFT Compr
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DRAFT The cold connection will be m
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DRAFT Measurements planned for each
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DRAFT For magnets with less stringe
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DRAFT The value, parameters, condit
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DRAFT 3. Geometry tests For cryosta
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DRAFT The Quench Heaters Tests has
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.159: Photograph of
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DRAFT The field properties listed i
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.161: Schematic vie
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.162: Scheme of the
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2.4.A6.2.2 Shielding against direct
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.164: Schematic lay
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.165: An iron beam
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DRAFT In a side view the flux of pr
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DRAFT catcher 7 Be, 22 Na and 24 Na
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DRAFT at the FRS (2·10 9 /spill as
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DRAFT [1] H. Geissel et al., Nucl.
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DRAFT [74] A. Fabich and J. Lettry,
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Technical Design Report Super Fragment Separator

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