Technical Design Report Super Fragment Separator

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DRAFT ions. For light fragments and neutrons no high-power catcher is needed and a denser material for better shielding can be applied as a component of the beam catcher. Figure 2.4.102: Deposited energy per 1000 MeV/u primary projectile and a 4 cm 2 two-dimensional Gaussian spot size for different ions, simulated with the PHITS code [41]. Here the high power part of the beam catcher consists of lithium in a container with a beryllium window and the second half consists of iron. The jump in the curves is due to the different densities of the materials. 2.4.11.1.1 Position of beam catchers Dumping the primary beam within a magnetic separator requires special considerations. Depending on the magnetic rigidity (Bρ) of the selected fragments the primary beam may be deflected over a wide range of positions. This position in the first dispersive separator section can be characterized by the relative Bρ difference to the selected fragment beam, δp = Bρprim / Bρfrag -1. The goal is to catch the primary beam behind the production target in beam catchers positioned outside of the magnetic elements at both sides of the optical axis depending if neutron-rich or neutron-deficient fragments are separated. Detailed ion-optical calculations including nuclear and atomic interactions demonstrate that the beam catcher must cover a range from δp = -30 % to +30 % for heavy ion beams up to uranium and up to 50 % for very light ions (Z < 9). Finally the situation due to possible failures of the magnet power supplies must be covered by the beam catcher system. These requirements can be fulfilled by the special layout of the Pre-<strong>Separator</strong> consisting of split dipole magnets with subsequent beam catchers. Each catcher covers a certain range of δp as illustrated in Figure 2.4.103. The maximum width of the fragment beam at the catchers can reach ±15cm. The catchers are designed to have exactly this opening. The first two catchers (BC1 and BC2) do not have to be 110
DRAFT movable, but BC3 must be able to act like a slit to catch the primary beam also in cases where it is less than 15cm way from the optical axis. Figure 2.4.103: Trajectories of primary beams with different δp in steps of 2 % calculated with the ion-optical program GICOSY [42]. The red rays represent possible separation scenarios for uranium beams and the purple rays hold for lighter ions with Z < 9 to produce neutron-rich fragments. Note, due to the different scale in longitudinal and transverse direction the angles are not conformally represented. 2.4.11.1.2 Separation of fragment beams Many Monte Carlo simulations of the primary and fragment beam distributions using the code MOCADI [6] were performed to make sure that the beam-catcher system is universal for exotic nuclear beam experiments. A special challenge is to cope with heavy primary beams still carrying electrons after penetration through the target. An example is presented in Figure 2.4.104, for a 238 U beam after passing a 4 g/cm 2 lithium target at 1500 MeV/u. The <strong>Super</strong>-FRS is set to separate 132 Sn fission fragments and the primary beam still populates mainly 3 charge states, 92+, 91+ and 90+. In principle, an efficient separation scheme relies on a large Bρ difference between the primary beam and the fragment beam, but in this case the beam catcher will reduce also the transmission of the selected fragments. Figure 2.4.104: Calculated beam spot of 238 U primary beam with three atomic charge states and of the fragment beam 132 Sn set. The beam catcher is moved in from the left hand side to intercept the primary beam. 111
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DRAFT Technical Design Report Super
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Preface DRAFT The International Fac
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Contents DRAFT 2.4.1 System Design
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DRAFT Table 2.4.1: Parameters of th
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DRAFT degrader stage which provides
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Pre-Separator DRAFT In order to acc
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DRAFT coupling coefficients is give
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DRAFT Table 2.4.3: First-order matr
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DRAFT Main-Separator to the high-en
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DRAFT Table 2.4.5: Transmission T o
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.15: Resolution nec
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.17: Spectrometer m
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DRAFT Table 2.4.8: Design parameter
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.20: Side view of t
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.23: Coil cross-sec
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.25: Flux density d
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Figure 2.4.29: Assembly of two half
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.31: Cross section
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Figure 2.4.34: Sketch of the therma
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DRAFT To fulfill the required field
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.39: The 3D model o
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DRAFT Pole radius mm 100 210 250 25
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.43: Front, side, a
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∆B/B 0.0 DRAFT Figure 2.4.46: Ave
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.50: 3D model of th
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.54 and Table 2.4.1
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DRAFT 2.4.2.3.1 Radiation resistant
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DRAFT The water-cooled radiator con
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DRAFT Table 2.4.17: Coil parameters
Page 59 and 60: DRAFT Figure 2.4.63: Field distribu
Page 61 and 62: DRAFT Figure 2.4.65: Multiplet conf
Page 63 and 64: DRAFT Table 2.4.21 summarizes the r
Page 65 and 66: 2.4.2.6 Current Leads DRAFT The cur
Page 67 and 68: DRAFT Table 2.4.23 presents the lis
Page 69 and 70: 2.4.3 Power Converters DRAFT The po
Page 71 and 72: SCR structure DRAFT Regarding high
Page 73 and 74: a) Chopper circuit 3x400V b) Half b
Page 75 and 76: External Control System Data transf
Page 77 and 78: DRAFT Figure 2.4.77: Arrangement of
Page 79 and 80: SuperFRS Power Supply Effective App
Page 81 and 82: DRAFT The locations for the differe
Page 83 and 84: DRAFT Figure 2.4.80: Beam induced f
Page 85 and 86: DRAFT Figure 2.4.82: Two hybrids ca
Page 87 and 88: DRAFT Figure 2.4.84: Left panel: TP
Page 89 and 90: DRAFT extracted beams. Its use for
Page 91 and 92: Time of Flight measurement DRAFT At
Page 93 and 94: DRAFT together. Another option is t
Page 95 and 96: DRAFT Figure 2.4.88: Pillow seal po
Page 97 and 98: DRAFT Figure 2.4.90: Setup at the m
Page 99 and 100: DRAFT An overview of the total vacu
Page 101 and 102: 2.4.7.4 Appendix - Technical Drawin
Page 103 and 104: DRAFT Figure 2.4.96: Diagnostic cha
Page 105 and 106: DRAFT Figure 2.4.98: Diagnostic cha
Page 107 and 108: DRAFT Figure 2.4.100: Diagnostic ch
Page 109: 2.4.8 Particles Sources n/a 2.4.9 E
Page 113 and 114: DRAFT Figure 2.4.106: Spot size of
Page 115 and 116: dE/dV [kJ/cm 3 ] 3 2 1 DRAFT includ
Page 117 and 118: 2.4.11.1.4 Design of the beam catch
Page 119 and 120: DRAFT Figure 2.4.110: Calculated eq
Page 121 and 122: DRAFT Figure 2.4.112: Location of b
Page 123 and 124: DRAFT the carbon. Again mainly 7 Be
Page 125 and 126: DRAFT maintenance of the carbon or
Page 127 and 128: DRAFT material) and received the an
Page 129 and 130: DRAFT commissioned in February 2005
Page 131 and 132: DRAFT Table 2.4.28: Typical beam pa
Page 133 and 134: DRAFT Figure 2.4.120: Surface tempe
Page 135 and 136: DRAFT Figure 2.4.123: Schematic lay
Page 137 and 138: DRAFT These results show that the i
Page 139 and 140: DRAFT Like in the case of the rotat
Page 141 and 142: DRAFT Figure 2.4.126: Left: Schemat
Page 143 and 144: DRAFT Figure 2.4.128: Schematic lay
Page 145 and 146: DRAFT Figure 2.4.129: Flow scheme o
Page 147 and 148: DRAFT Since the weight of the cold
Page 149 and 150: DRAFT With the cooling capacity spe
Page 151 and 152: DRAFT Figure 2.4.134: Schematic of
Page 153 and 154: S1 (a) Figure 2.4.136: (a) Zoom of
Page 155 and 156: 2.4.A Appendix DRAFT The appendix o
Page 157 and 158: DRAFT experiment the EXL community
Page 159 and 160: 2.4.A1.3 Slow control and monitorin
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.139: Architecture
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DRAFT all FAIR accelerators will be
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DRAFT source tier are split in two
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DRAFT coupled from the ACS which is
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DRAFT 2.4.A3.2 Work packages: descr
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2.4.A3.2.4 Instrumentation Measurin
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DRAFT this, planning a network layo
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DRAFT 2.4.A3.3 Machine characterist
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DRAFT installation of RALF was done
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DRAFT The double ring synchrotrons,
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DRAFT The first refrigerator, Cryo1
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DRAFT shield 28874 + 25 g/s 22 bar
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LHe storage Helium storage Helium s
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Cryo2 Cryo3 CryoST DB 3 DRAFT Compr
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DRAFT The cold connection will be m
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DRAFT Measurements planned for each
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DRAFT For magnets with less stringe
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DRAFT The value, parameters, condit
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DRAFT 3. Geometry tests For cryosta
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DRAFT The Quench Heaters Tests has
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.159: Photograph of
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DRAFT The field properties listed i
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.161: Schematic vie
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.162: Scheme of the
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2.4.A6.2.2 Shielding against direct
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.164: Schematic lay
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DRAFT Figure 2.4.165: An iron beam
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DRAFT In a side view the flux of pr
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DRAFT catcher 7 Be, 22 Na and 24 Na
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DRAFT at the FRS (2·10 9 /spill as
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DRAFT [1] H. Geissel et al., Nucl.
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DRAFT [74] A. Fabich and J. Lettry,
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