Utilization of Tunnels as Sources of Ground Heat - iC group of ...

selected positions with temperature sensors (diaphragm
walls, invert of the station tunnels, underneath
the base slab), which are used in the operating
phase for scientific purposes and for control and
plant optimization.
4.7 Initial operation
After completion of the civil works, the responsibility
for the completion of the geothermal facility usually
is turned over to an installation company, which
completes the HVAC equipment. An accurate definition
of the contractual and technical interface between
these companies, connected with acceptance
inspections, is therefore essential. Mechanical engineers
and geothermal planners should accompany
the facility in the first operational years and optimize
it together with the client.
Figure 11: Monitoring equipment in diaphragm wall reinforcement
cage.
5 CONCLUSION
Utilization possibilities of geothermal energy for
heating and cooling purposes are various. Each tunnel
has significant internal energy requirements.
This is clearly evident particularly with metro stations,
where various premises must be heated and
cooled. A further field of application is ice prevention,
particularly with staircases or entries to maintenance
and evacuation adits.
Beyond that the possibility of selling geothermal
energy to third parties exists. This is interesting
above all for tunnels in the city (metros), where they
are usually situated near to the surface and distances
to the users are short. Large, newly established objects
with mixed living and commercial use and a
high cooling demand are ideal.
The geothermal utilization from traffic tunnel
buildings offers benefits to all involved. Economically,
a pollution-free, renewable energy source is
developed, which is import independent and makes a
contribution to climate protection and to the fulfillment
of international obligations (Kyoto Protocol).
The user of the geothermal energy receives a pipebound,
pollution free energy source with all benefits
of such systems. Additionally geothermal energy
will represent a more economical form of energy in
the medium term than fossil energy sources, especially
if corresponding political measures are taken.
For the owner of the tunnel the geothermal energy
offers the possibility of opening additional sources
of income from the structure and of lowering operating
costs. Furthermore the application means a gain
in public image because of the pollution free and innovative
character of such geothermal facilities.
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