Insect Control: Biological and Synthetic Agents - Index of
Insect Control: Biological and Synthetic Agents - Index of
Insect Control: Biological and Synthetic Agents - Index of
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
302 8: Mosquitocidal B. sphaericus: Toxins, Genetics, Mode <strong>of</strong> Action, Use, <strong>and</strong> Resistance Mechanisms<br />
References<br />
Ahmed, H.K., Mitchell, W.J., Priest, F.G., 1995. Regulation<br />
<strong>of</strong> mosquitocidal toxin synthesis in Bacillus<br />
sphaericus. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 43, 310–314.<br />
Alex<strong>and</strong>er, B., Priest, F.G., 1990. Numerical classification<br />
<strong>and</strong> identification <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus including<br />
some strains pathogenic for mosquito larvae. J. Gen.<br />
Microbiol. 136, 367–376.<br />
Aquino de Muro, M., Priest, F.G., 1994. A colony hybridization<br />
procedure for the identification <strong>of</strong> mosquitocidal<br />
strains <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus on isolation plates.<br />
J. Invertebr. Pathol. 63, 310–313.<br />
Aquino de Muro, M., Mitchell, W.J., Priest, F.G., 1992.<br />
Differentiation <strong>of</strong> mosquito-pathogenic strains <strong>of</strong> Bacillus<br />
sphaericus from non-toxic varieties by ribosomal<br />
RNA gene restriction patterns. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138,<br />
1159–1166.<br />
Arapinis, C., de la Torre, F., Szulmajster, J., 1988. Nucleotide<br />
<strong>and</strong> deduced amino acid sequence <strong>of</strong> the Bacillus<br />
sphaericus 1593M gene encoding a 51.4 kD polypeptide<br />
which acts synergistically with the 42 kD protein<br />
for expression <strong>of</strong> the larvicidal toxin. Nucleic Acids<br />
Res. 16, 7731.<br />
Bar, E., Lieman-Hurwitz, J., Rahamim, E., Keynan, A.,<br />
S<strong>and</strong>ler, N., 1991. Cloning <strong>and</strong> expression <strong>of</strong><br />
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis d-endotoxin DNA in<br />
B. sphaericus. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 57, 149–158.<br />
Barbazan, P., Baldet, T., Darriet, F., Escaffre, H., Haman,<br />
D.D., et al., 1997. <strong>Control</strong> <strong>of</strong> Culex quinquefasciatus<br />
(Diptera: Culicidae) with Bacillus sphaericus in<br />
Maroua, Cameroon. J. Am. Mosq. <strong>Control</strong> Assoc. 13,<br />
263–269.<br />
Baumann, L., Baumann, P., 1989. Expression in Bacillus<br />
subtilis <strong>of</strong> the 51- <strong>and</strong> 42-kilodalton mosquitocidal<br />
toxin genes <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus. Appl. Environ.<br />
Microbiol. 55, 252–253.<br />
Baumann, L., Baumann, P., 1991. Effects <strong>of</strong> components<br />
<strong>of</strong> the Bacillus sphaericus toxin on mosquito larvae <strong>and</strong><br />
mosquito-derived tissue culture-grown cells. Curr.<br />
Microbiol. 23, 51–57.<br />
Baumann, P., Baumann, L., Bowditch, R.D., Broadwell,<br />
A.H., 1987. Cloning <strong>of</strong> the gene <strong>of</strong> the larvicidal toxin<br />
<strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus 2362: evidence for a family <strong>of</strong><br />
related sequences. J. Bacteriol. 169, 4061–4067.<br />
Baumann, L., Broadwell, A.H., Baumann, P., 1988.<br />
Sequence analysis <strong>of</strong> the mosquitocidal toxin genes<br />
encoding 51.4- <strong>and</strong> 41.9-kilodalton proteins from<br />
Bacillus sphaericus 2362 <strong>and</strong> 2297. J. Bacteriol. 170,<br />
2045–2050.<br />
Baumann, P., Clark, M.A., Baumann, L., Broadwell, A.H.,<br />
1991. Bacillus sphaericus as a mosquito pathogen:<br />
properties <strong>of</strong> the organism <strong>and</strong> its toxins. Microbiol.<br />
Rev. 55, 425–436.<br />
Baumann, P., Unterman, B.M., Baumann, L., Broadwell,<br />
A.H., Abbene, S.J., et al., 1985. Purification <strong>of</strong> the<br />
larvicidal toxin <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus <strong>and</strong> evidence for<br />
high-molecular-weight precursors. J. Bacteriol. 163,<br />
738–747.<br />
Becker, N., 2000. Bacterial control <strong>of</strong> vector-mosquitoes<br />
<strong>and</strong> black flies. In: Charles, J.-F., Delécluse, A., Nielsen-<br />
LeRoux, C. (Eds.), Entomopathogenic Bacteria: from<br />
Laboratory to Field Application. Kluwer Academic<br />
Publisher, Dordrecht, Boston, London, pp. 383–398.<br />
Berry, C., Hindley, J., 1987. Bacillus sphaericus strain<br />
2362: identification <strong>and</strong> nucleotide sequence <strong>of</strong> the<br />
41.9 kDa toxin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 15, 5591.<br />
Berry, C., Hindley, J., Ehrhardt, A.F., Grounds, T.,<br />
de Souza, I., et al., 1993. Genetic determinants <strong>of</strong><br />
host ranges <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus mosquito larvicidal<br />
toxins. J. Bacteriol. 175, 510–518.<br />
Berry, C., Jackson-Yap, J., Oei, C., Hindley, J., 1989.<br />
Nucleotide sequence <strong>of</strong> two toxin genes from Bacillus<br />
sphaericus IAB59: sequence comparisons between five<br />
highly toxinogenic strains. Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 7516.<br />
Bourgouin, C., Delécluse, A., de la Torre, F.,<br />
Szulmajster, J., 1990. Transfer <strong>of</strong> the toxin protein<br />
genes <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus into Bacillus thuringiensis<br />
subsp. israelensis <strong>and</strong> their expression. Appl. Environ.<br />
Microbiol. 56, 340–344.<br />
Broadwell, A.H., Baumann, P., 1986. Sporulationassociated<br />
activation <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus larvicide.<br />
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 52, 758–764.<br />
Broadwell, A.H., Baumann, P., 1987. Proteolysis in the<br />
gut <strong>of</strong> mosquito larvae results in further activation <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Bacillus sphaericus toxin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.<br />
53, 1333–1337.<br />
Broadwell, A.H., Baumann, L., Baumann, P., 1990a. Larvicidal<br />
properties <strong>of</strong> the 42 <strong>and</strong> 51 kilodalton Bacillus<br />
sphaericus proteins expressed in different bacterial<br />
hosts: evidence for a binary toxin. Curr. Microbiol.<br />
21, 361–366.<br />
Broadwell, A.H., Clark, M.A., Baumann, L., Baumann, P.,<br />
1990b. Construction by site-directed mutagenesis <strong>of</strong> a<br />
39-kilodalton mosquitocidal protein similar to the larvaprocessed<br />
toxin <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus 2362. J. Bacteriol.<br />
172, 4032–4036.<br />
Charles, J.-F., 1987. Ultrastructural midgut events in Culicidae<br />
larvae fed with Bacillus sphaericus 2297 spore/<br />
crystal complex. Ann. Inst. Pasteur/Microbiol. 138,<br />
471–484.<br />
Charles, J.-F., de Barjac, H., 1981. Variation du pH de<br />
l’intestin moyen d’Aedes aegypti en relation avec l’intoxication<br />
par les cristaux de Bacillus thuringiensis var.<br />
israelensis (sérotype H 14). Bull. Soc. Path. Exot. 74,<br />
91–95.<br />
Charles, J.-F., Nicolas, L., 1986. Recycling <strong>of</strong> Bacillus<br />
sphaericus 2362 in mosquito larvae: a laboratory<br />
study. Ann. Inst. Pasteur/Microbiol. 137B, 101–111.<br />
Charles, J.-F., Hamon, S., Baumann, P., 1993. Inclusion<br />
bodies <strong>and</strong> crystals <strong>of</strong> Bacillus sphaericus mosquitocidal<br />
proteins expressed in various bacterial hosts. Res.<br />
Microbiol. 144, 411–416.<br />
Charles, J.-F., Nielsen-LeRoux, C., Delécluse, A., 1996.<br />
Bacillus sphaericus toxins: molecular biology <strong>and</strong> mode<br />
<strong>of</strong> action. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 41, 389–410.<br />
Charles, J.-F., Kalfon, A., Bourgouin, C., de Barjac, H.,<br />
1988. Bacillus sphaericus asporogenous mutants: