Insect Control: Biological and Synthetic Agents - Index of

272 7: Bacillus thuringiensis: Mechanisms and Use
model membrane envionment. Biochem. J. 333,
677–683.
Craig, H.S., Putnam, C., Carozi, N., Tainer, J., 1999.
Evolution and mechanism from structures of an ADPribosylating
toxin and NAD complex. Nature Struct.
Biol. 6, 932–936.
Crickmore, N., Bone, E.J., Wiliams, J.A., Ellar, D.,
1995. Contribution of individual components of
the d-endotoxins crystal to the mosquitocidal activity
of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israeliensis. FEMS
Microbiol. Lett. 131, 249–254.
Crickmore, N., Zeigler, D.R., Feitelson, J., Schnepf, E.,
Van Rie, J., et al., 1998. Revision of the nomenclture
for the Bacillus thuringiensis pesticidal crystal proteins.
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62, 807–813.
Crickmore, N., Zeigler, D.R., Schnepf, E., Van Rie, J.,
Lereclus, D., et al., 2002. Bacillus thuringiensis toxin
nomenclature. http:// www.biols.susx.ac.uk/Home/
Neil_Crickmore/Bt/index.html.
Dai, S.M., Gill, S.S., 1993. In vitro and in vivo proteolysis
of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis CryIVD
protein by Culex quinquefasciatus larval midgut
proteases. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 23, 273–283.
Daniel, A., Sangadala, S., Dean, D.H., Adang, M.J., 2002.
Denaturation of either Manduca sexta aminopeptidase
NorBacillus thuringiensis Cry1A toxins exposes binding
epitopes hidden under nondenaturating conditions.
Appl. Environmen. Microbiol. 68, 2106–2112.
de Maagd, R.A., Bakker, P., Masson, L., Adang, M.J.,
Sangadala, S., et al., 1999a. Domain III of the Bacillus
thuringiensis delta-endotoxin Cry1Ac is involved in binding
to Manduca sexta brush border membranes and to its
purified aminopeptidase N. Mol. Microbiol. 31, 463–471.
de Maagd, R.A., Bosch, D., Stiekema, W., 1999b. Bacillus
thuringiensis toxin-mediated insect resistance in plants.
Trends Plant Sci. 4, 9–13.
de Maagd, R.A., Weemen-Hendriks, M., Stiekema, W.,
Bosch, D., 2000. Domain III substitution in Bacillus
thuringiensis delta-endotoxin Cry1C domain III can
function as a specific determinant for Spodoptera exigua
in different, but not all, Cry1-Cry1C hybrids. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 66, 1559–1563.
de Maagd, R.A., Bravo, A., Crickmore, N., 2001. How
Bacillus thuringiensis has evolved specific toxins to colonize
the insect world. Trends Genet. 17, 193–199.
Denolf, P., Hendrickx, K., VanDamme, J., Jansens, S.,
Peferoen, M., et al., 1997. Cloning and characterization
of Manduca sexta and Plutella xylostella midgut aminopeptidase
N enzymes related to Bacillus thuringiensis
toxin-binding proteins. Eur. J. Biochem. 248, 748–761.
Donovan, W.P., Donovan, J.C., Slaney, A.C., 2000. Bacillus
thuringiensis cryET33 and cryET34 compositions
and uses therefore. US Patent No. 6 063 756.
Dorsch, J.A., Candas, M., Griko, N.B., Maaty, W.S.A.,
Midbo, E.G., et al., 2002. Cry1A toxins of Bacillus
thuringiensis bind specifically to a region adjacent to
the membrane-proximal extracelllar domain of Bt-R 1
in Manduca sexta: involvement of a cadherin in the
entomopathogenicity of Bacillus thuringiensis. Insect
Biochem. Mol. Biol. 32, 1025–1036.
Dow, J.A.T., 1986. Insect midgut function. Adv. Insect
Physiol. 19, 187–238.
Dubois, N.R., Dean, D.H., 1995. Synergism between
Cry1A insecticidal crystal proteins and spores of Bacillus
thuringiensis, other bacterial spores and vegetative
cells against Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)
larvae. Environ. Entomol. 24, 1741–1747.
Du, C., Martin, A.W., Nickerson, K.W., 1994. Comparison
of disulfide contents and solubility at alkaline pH of
insecticidal and noninsecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis
protein crystals. Appl. Envion. Microbiol. 60, 3847–3853.
Editorial, 2002. Biodiversity (communication arising):
editorial note. Nature 416, 600.
Ellis, R.T., Stockhoff, B.A., Stamp, L., Schnepf, H.E.,
Schwab, G.E., et al., 2002. Novel Bacillus thuringiensis
binary insecticidal crystal proteins active on western
corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 1137–1145.
Estruch, J.J., Warren, G.W., Mullins, M.A., Nye, G.J.,
Craig, J.A., et al., 1996. Vip3A, a novel Bacillus
thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein with a
wide spectrum of activities against lepidopteran insects.
Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93, 5389–5394.
Fedhila, S., Nel, P., Lereclus, D., 2002. The InhA2 metalloprotease
of Bacillus thuringiensis strain 407 is
required for pathogenicity in insects infected via the
oral route. J. Bacteriol. 184, 3296–3304.
Fedhila, S., Gohar, M., Slamti, L., Nel, P., Lereclus, D.,
2003. The Bacillus thuringiensis PlcR-regulated gene
inhA2 is necessary, but not sufficient, for virulence.
J. Bacteriol. 185, 2820–2825.
Ferré, J., Van Rie, J., 2002. Biochemestry and genetics of
insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis. Annu. Rev.
Entomol. 47, 501–533.
Flores, H., Soberón, X., Sánchez, J., Bravo, A., 1997.
Isolated domain II and III from Bacillus thuringiensis
Cry1Ab d-endotoxin binds to lepidopteran midgut
membranes. FEBS Lett. 414, 313–318.
Gahan, L.J., Gould, F., Heckel, D.G., 2001. Identification
of a gene associated with Bt resistance in Heliothis
virescens. Science 293, 857–860.
Galitsky, N., Cody, V., Wojtczak, A., Debashis, G., Luft,
J.R., et al., 2001. Structure of insecticidal bacterial dendotoxin
Cry3Bb1 of Bacillus thuringiensis. Acta
Crystallogr. D57, 1101–1109.
Garczynski, S.F., Adang, M.J., 1995. Bacillus thuringiensis
CryIA(c) d-endotoxin binding aminopeptidase in the
Manduca sexta midgut has a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol
anchor. Insec. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 25, 409–415.
Gatehouse, A.M.R., Ferry, N., Raemaekers, R.J.M.,
2002. The case of the monarch butterfly: a verdict is
returned. Trends Genet. 18, 249–251.
Gazit, E., Burshtein, N., Ellar, D.J., Sawyer, T., Shai, Y.,
1997. Bacillus thuringiensis cytolytic toxin associates
specifically with its synthetic helices A and C in
the membrane state: implications for the assembly of