Insect Control: Biological and Synthetic Agents - Index of

Table 14 Continued
Compound Chemical structure Biological effects Uses to control pest species
Buprofezin Probable chitin synthesis and
prostaglandin inhibitor. Hormone
disturbing effect, leading to suppression
of ecdysis. Persistent insecticide and
acaricide with contact and stomach
action; not translocated in the plant.
Inhibits molting of nymphs and larvae,
leading to death. Also suppresses
oviposition by adults; treated insects lay
sterile eggs
Cyromazine Contact action, interfering with molting and
pupation. When used on plants, action is
systemic: applied to the leaves, it
exhibits a strong translaminar effect;
applied to the soil, it is taken up by the
roots and translocated acropetally
Insecticide with persistent larvicidal action against
Homoptera, some Coleoptera, and also Acarina.
Effective against Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae
(leafhoppers), and Delphacidae (planthoppers) in rice, at
50–250 g ha 1 ; Cicadellidae (lady beetle) in potatoes;
Aleyrodidae (whitefly) in citrus, cotton, and vegetables,
at 0.025–0.075 g ha 1 ; Coccidae, Diaspididae (scale
insects) and Pseudococcidae (mealybugs) in citrus and
top fruit, at 25–50 g hl 1 ; Tarsonemidae in vegetables, at
250–500 g ha 1 . Suitable for IPM programs
Control of Diptera larvae in chicken manure by feeding to
poultry or treating the breeding sites. Also used to
control flies on animals. Used as a foliar spray to control
leaf miners (Liriomyza spp.) in vegetables (e.g., celery,
melons, tomatoes, lettuce), mushrooms, potatoes, and
ornamentals, at 75–225 g ha 1 ; also used at
190–450 g ha 1 in drench or drip irrigation
Data compiled from Palli, S.R., Retnakaran, A., 1999. Molecular and biochemical aspects of chitin synthesis inhibition. In: Jolle` s, P., Muzzarelli, R.A.A. (Eds.), Chitin and Chitinases.
Birkha¨user-Verlag, pp. 85–98; Tomlin, C.D.S., Ed., 2000. The Pesticide Manual, 12th edn. British Crop Protection Council Publications; and Ishaaya, I., 2001. Biochemical processes related
to insecticide actions: an overview. In: Ishaaya, I. (Ed.), Biochemical Sites of Insecticide Action and Resistance. Springer, pp. 1–16.