Untitled - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de l'Observatoire de Grenoble

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Table shows not only the volume of the observational activity, but also the trend in the use of the telescopes. It is worth noting the positive gradient in the use of the CSO and JCMT submillimeter bands, and the net increase of the use of the IRAM interferometer PdB. Both trends shows how very naturally Astromol is preparing itself at the best exploitation of the two future big international projects: Herschel and ALMA. 2.3 Development of astrophysical models Two classes of models have been developed within the Astromol team: i) Radiative transfer models (CC) that compute the line emission from the collapsing envelopes, for several molecules (H2O, CO : Ceccarelli et al. 1996, 2003; CH3OH : Maret et al. 2005; SO and SO2 : Wakelam et al. in prep; HDO : Parise et al. 2005). Astromol (CC, BL) also developed a simple LVG code for the first level of analysis in more general conditions (like for example outflows). Some results of these models are made publicly available at the WEB site: http://www-laog.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/∼ceccarel/mepew/mepew.html. ii) Chemical models of star forming regions (CC). We have developed codes specialized in the Sulphur chemistry (Wakelam et al. 2004, 2005), in the molecular deuteration due to grain surface (Parise et al. 2005), and deuterium chemistry of the ion H + 3 in protostellar disks (Ceccarelli & Dominik 2005). In addition, Astromol members (LW, AF, CC, BL, PV) have undertaken recently a systematic theoretical and observational survey of the cyanopolyyne family of rod-like molecules, of general formula HC2n+1N. It should serve as a prelude to several new lines of observations and theories for larger molecules (notably organic complex molecules) in several types of astrophysical environments. 2.4 Molecular physics: theories and codes Several classes of new theoretical and algorithmic tools to solve molecular physics problems relevant to astrophysics are currently developed and used in the Astromol team. They can be regrouped in the following classes: i) A quantum chemistry code that takes into account explicitely the correlation cusp between each electron pair. The fulfillment of this mathematical condition permits to approach the infinite basis set limit at the coupled cluster level of theory and to achieve an accuracy in the cm −1 range for the interaction of small non-reactive molecules. ii) A generalization of the so-called Transition State Theory for inelastic processes. This new method provides a geometrical view of the problem, and it promises to simplify the computation of the molecular collisional cross-sections. iii) A new strategy for computing inter-molecular potential surfaces which includes the intra-molecular motion (i.e. the motion of the nuclei in each interacting molecule). The problem here is the sampling of the surface, which has several dimensions (≥ 4). For this, we implemented an optimized sampling, based on the high-accuracy vibrational wavefunctions. iv) A new strategy for computing inter-molecular potential surfaces of long rod-like molecules, like HC3N with He or H2. In these systems, the surface is highly anysotropic and, therefore, the fitting in the angular coordinates is particularly difficult, and this is known as “steric hindrance problem”. v) A quasi-classical scattering code, based on a canonical Monte-Carlo strategy, to directly compute the collisional rates (with no need to integrate the cross-sections over the Boltzman velocity distribution). The computations briefly described above are very CPU-time consuming and require a large amount of time of high-performance computers, like the IDRIS and CINES supercomputers. For this reason, Astromol members 46
(PV) are also involved in several high performance computing initiatives, like the development of computer grids projects (CiGri, a project funded by the Grenoble ACI GRID, with the involvement of the institutes INRIA and IMAG). In this context, it is worth mentioning the UJF project CIMENT (Calcul Intensif, Modelisation, Experimentation Numerique et Technologique) co-funded by the government and the region Rhone-Alpes, whose scope is to create and upgrade several computational platforms and associated centers of expertise. 2.5 Publications In the last four years, the members of Astromol have published about 100 articles in international refereed Journals. It is worth noticing that the Astromol articles account for about 15% of the total publications reported in the last “Rapport d’activité de PCMI: Prospectives et Bilan 2001-2004”. In addition, the value of the Astromol work is testified by the several systematic invitation to present their works in national and international congresses. It is probably worth noticing the invitations for review talks at the four major Congresses of the field: the IAU Astrochemistry Symposium -held in Asilomar (CA) in Aug 2005, the Protostar and Planet VI Workshop -Kona (Hawaii) in Oct 2005, the Pacifichem Technical Workshop on Astrochemistry -Honolulu (Hawaii) in Dec. 2005, and the Nobel Symposium on “Astrochemistry” -Stockolm (Sweden) in Jun 2006organized by the Nobel Foundation. 2.6 Teaching and students formation Four members of Astromol have an intense teaching activity and important administrative charges at the University Joseph Fourier (UJF). • Administrative charges: – C.Kahane is the Director of the Departement Scientifique Universitaire (DSU), the structure responsible for the re-organization of the “L1L2 de la Licence de Sciences et Technologies”; – C.Kahane is member of CEVU and member of “la commission de finances de l’UJF”; – J-J. Benayoun is responsible of the first year of the Master de Physique. • Teaching: Members of Astromol teach at all levels from the first year to the Master degree. • PhD Thesis :In the last four years three students (Sebastien Maret, Berengere Parise et Valentine Wakelam) have been co-directed by members of Astromol and are now Post-Docs at International Institutes. Two more students (Michael Wernli and Sandrine Bottinelli) have started their PhD thesis directed by members of Astromol. 2.7 National and international collaborations Astromol is involved in several major and minor projects, in collaborations with groups from France and worldwide. These projects are briefly described in the following list: • WAGOS: Astromol is part of the network WAGOS (Working Astronomical Group on Star formation), between about two dozens of researchers in Grenoble (LAOG), Toulouse (CESR), Bordeaux (L3AB), and Paris (LERMA). WAGOS has been funded by the “Project National” PCMI since its creation in 2000. The goal of the network is the study of the solar type star formation, one of the goals of Astromol itself (§2.1). Indeed Astromol plays a major role in this network, with several Astromol members (CC, AF, BL, TM, PV, LW) belonging to it. The coordinator of this network is a member (CC) of Astromol. For the next “quadriennale”, 2007-2010, we have submitted a proposal for a PPF to coordinate and fund the activities of WAGOS. 47
Page 3: LABORATOIRE D’ASTROPHYSIQUE DE GR
Page 6 and 7: III Team ASTROMOL 41 2 Presentation
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Page 10 and 11: VI Team SHERPA 145 15 Results 147 1
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with only three known to date. Most
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300 objects, a size sufficient for
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therefore no surprise that vast eff
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data to verify the predictions we a
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Chapter 8 Appendices 8.1 Members of
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equipments for these tasks, from de
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10.1.3 Current trend of large equip
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• Improving High Angular Resoluti
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Chapter 11 Results 11.1 Towards hig
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Figure 11.2: NAOS-CONICA image of t
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on PUEO at CFHT. The IFS experts (A
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Figure 11.5: Image of the binary st
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Figure 11.7: PICNIC low noise infra
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have taken responsibilities: A. Che
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Figure 11.10: thermal modeling of W
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Figure 12.1: All the GRIL projects
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12.2 Optical interferometry As for
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the VLTI. CHARA is equipped with an
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• ANR Alterdetect, with IMEP : si
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Mixed GRIL-other team profiles 1. A
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Name Grade Comm. Project Berger Jea
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• First fringes in the H band wit
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Table 15.1: List of the permanent S
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15.4 Transport phenomena in accreti
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Figure 15.2: Spectral energy distri
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states, combining a still powerful
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Excitation of turbulence by Cosmic
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Table 15.2: Former PhD students of
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Chapter 16 Perspectives The distinc
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Ray background. The second project
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- Ceccarelli Cecilia (AT) - Delfoss
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Among the various areas of expertis
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-responsable du groupe ”logiciel
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Chef de l’ Equipe ASTROMOL du LAO
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jury de concours: 1 concours IR CNR
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Chapter 20 Appendix 4: The Jean Mar
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20.10 Formation des utilisateurs La
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