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Annual general report of the controller and - Parliament of Tanzania

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addition <strong>of</strong> such an emphasis <strong>of</strong> matter paragraph does not<br />

affect <strong>the</strong> audit opinion. The paragraph is normally<br />

included after <strong>the</strong> opinion paragraph <strong>and</strong> ordinarily refers<br />

to <strong>the</strong> fact that <strong>the</strong> opinion is not qualified in this respect.<br />

An emphasis <strong>of</strong> matter paragraph is appended in each<br />

situation, which draws <strong>the</strong> immediate attention <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

Chief Executive Officer <strong>and</strong> users <strong>of</strong> financial statements<br />

warning <strong>the</strong>m about those matters requiring <strong>the</strong>ir urgent<br />

attention, failure <strong>of</strong> which may result in issuance <strong>of</strong> a<br />

qualified opinion in subsequent audits. However, <strong>the</strong> main<br />

objective <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> emphasis <strong>of</strong> matter paragraph is to bring<br />

closer underst<strong>and</strong>ing <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> situation obtained in <strong>the</strong><br />

audited entity, despite <strong>the</strong> unqualified opinion given.<br />

2.1.3 Qualified Opinion<br />

This type <strong>of</strong> opinion is issued when <strong>the</strong> Controller <strong>and</strong><br />

Auditor General disagreed with management or <strong>the</strong>re exists<br />

uncertainty which has a material but not fundamental<br />

effects on <strong>the</strong> accuracy <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> financial statements. The<br />

wording <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> qualified opinion is very similar to<br />

unqualified opinion, but an explanatory paragraph is added<br />

to explain <strong>the</strong> reasons for <strong>the</strong> qualification. It will<br />

<strong>the</strong>refore show that financial statements present fairly <strong>the</strong><br />

state <strong>of</strong> affairs except for <strong>the</strong> effects <strong>of</strong> a specific audit<br />

observation. The explanatory paragraph comes before <strong>the</strong><br />

opinion paragraph.<br />

2.1.4 Adverse Opinion<br />

An Adverse Opinion is issued when <strong>the</strong> Controller <strong>and</strong><br />

Auditor General determines that <strong>the</strong> financial statements<br />

<strong>of</strong> Public Authority are materially misstated <strong>and</strong>, when<br />

considered as a whole, do not conform to <strong>the</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ards<br />

issued by <strong>the</strong> National Board <strong>of</strong> Accountants <strong>and</strong> Auditors<br />

(NBAA) or International Financial Reporting St<strong>and</strong>ards<br />

issued by International Accounting St<strong>and</strong>ard Board (IASB).<br />

This opinion is considered <strong>the</strong> opposite <strong>of</strong> an unqualified<br />

opinion, essentially stating that <strong>the</strong> information contained<br />

___________________________________________________________<br />

Office <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Controller <strong>and</strong> Auditor General PA&oBs 2007/08 11

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