Problems in Mathematical Analysis.pdf - pwp.net.ipl.pt

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Differential Equations_(Ch. 9 It is also possible to find the singular integral by differentiating + 2xp # = with respect to p and eliminating p. 2. Solving a differential equation by introducing a parameter. order differential equation is of the form If a first- then the variables y and x may be determined from the system of equations 1 dq> where p = t/' plays the part of a parameter. Similarly, if y = ty( x > #') tnen x and y are determined from the system of equations Example 2. Find the general and singular integrals of the equation y=y' 2 -xy'+^. Solution. Making the substitution t/'=p, we rewrite the equation in the form Diffeientiating with respect to x and considering p a function of x, we have ft dp dp , p-*p-p-*fx +* or -p(2p x)**(2p x), = l. or-j- Integrating we get p = x + C. Substituting into the original equation, we have the general solution or
Sec 8]_The Lagrange and Clairaut Equations_339 2814. yy'*(xy+l)y' + x = Q. 2 2815. yij' 2xy'+y = Q. 2816. Find the integral curves of the equation y'* +y* = 1 that pass through the point M ( 0, y ) Introducing the parameter y' = p, solve the equations: 2817. x=smy'+lny'. 2820. 4y = x*+y'\ 2818. y = 2 /2 y'*e>". 9 91 ,* ' 2819. = y'* Sec. 8. The Lagrange and Clairaut Equations 1. Lagrange's equation. An equation of the form = *(P), (1) where p = tf is called Lagrange's equation Equation (1) is reduced to a linear equation in x by differentiation and taking into consideration that dy^pdx: . f (p)] dp. (2) If p^q>(p), then from (1) and (2) we get the general solution in parametric form: where p is a parameter and f(p)^ g(p) are certain known functions. Besides, there may be a singular solution that is found in the usual way. 2. C'lairaut's equation. If in equation (l)p^
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TEXT FLY WITHIN THE BOOK ONLY
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OUP-43 30-1.71 5,000 OSMANIA UNIVER
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T. C. BapaneHKoe. C. M. Koean, r Jl
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TO THE READER MIR Publishers would
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Contents Sec. 6. Integrating Certai
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8 Chapter Contents Sec. 13. Linear
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Sec. 1. Functions Chapter I INTRODU
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Sec 1] Functions 13 8. Find the rat
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Sec. 1]_Functions_15 34. Prove that
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Sec. 2] Graphs of Elementary functi
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Sec. 2] Graphs of Elementary functi
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Sec. 2] Graphs of Elementary Functi
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Sec. 3] Limits 23 For the existence
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Sec. 3] 179. Hm (Vn + 1 \f~n). n -+
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Sec. #] Limits 27 209. lim 210. lim
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^Sec 3] Limits Therefore, Example 9
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Sec. 31 Limits 31 269. a) 270. lim-
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Sec. 4] Infinitely Small and Large
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Sec. 4] Infinitely Small and Large
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Sec. 5] Continuity of Functions 37
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Sec. 5]_Continuity of Functions_39
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Sec. 5] Continuity of Functions 334
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Sec. 1] Calculating Derivatives Dir
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Sec. 1] Calculating Derivatives Dir
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Sec. 2]__Tabular Differentiation_47
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Sec. 2]_Tabular Differentiation_49
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Sec. 2] Tabular Differentiation_ 51
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Sec. 2] Tabular Differentiation 504
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Sec. 2] Tabular Differentiation 55
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Sec. 3] The Derivatives of Function
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Sec. 3] The Derivatives of Function
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Sec 4] Geometrical and Mechanical A
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Sec. 4\ Geometrical and Mechanical
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Sec. 4] Geometrical and Mechanical
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Sec. 5]_Derivatives of Higher Order
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Sec. 5]_Derivatives of Higher Order
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Sec. 6] Differentials of First and
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Sec. 6}_Differentials of First and
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Sec. 7]_Mean-Value Theorems_75 745.
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Sec. 8] Taylor's Formula 77 765. a)
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Sec. 9]_ V Hospital-Bernoulli Rule
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Sec. 9] L' Hospital-Bernoulli Rule
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Chapter III THE EXTREMA OF A FUNCTI
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Sec. 1] The Extrema of a Function o
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Sec. 2]_The Direction of Concavity.
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Sec. 3]_Asymptotes_93 Example 2. Fi
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Sec. 3]_Asymptotes_95 Solution. Sin
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Sec 4] Graphing Functions by Charac
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CM CM -h CO O non ' > C " -~ a - >
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Sec. />] Differential of an Arc. Cu
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Sec 5] Differential of an Arc. Curv
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Sec. 5]_Differential of an Arc. Cur
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Sec. 1. Direct Integration 1. Basic
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Sec 1] Direct Integration_109 1048*
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Sec. 2] Integration by Substitution
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Sec. 2] Integration by Substitution
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Sec. 3\_Integration by Parts_H7 Exa
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Sec 4] Standard Integrals Containin
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Sec. 5] Integration of Rational Fun
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Sec. 5] In t egration of Rational F
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Sec. 6] Integrating Certain Irratio
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Sec. 6] Integrating Certain Irratio
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Sec. 7]_Integrating Trigonometric F
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Sec. 7]_Integrating Trigonometric F
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Sec. 8] Integration of Hyperbolic F
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Sec. 11] Using Reduction Formulas 1
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Sec. 12] Miscellaneous Examples on
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Sec. 1] The Definite Integral as th
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Sec. 2]_Evaluating Definite Integra
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Sec. 3]_Improper Integrals_143 Sec.
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Sec. 3] Improper Integrals 145 Solu
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Sec. 4] Change of Variable in a Def
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Sec. 5] Integration by Parts 149 Bu
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Sec. 6] Mean-Value Theorem 151 In p
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Sec. 7] The Areas of Plane Figures
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Sec. 7] The Areas of Plane Figures
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Sec. 7\_The Areas of Plane Figures_
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Sec. 8] The Arc Length of a Curve 1
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Sec, 9] Volumes of Solids 161 1673.
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Sec. 9] Volumes of Solids 163' Solu
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Sec. 9]_Volumes of Solids_165 1693.
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Sec. 10] The Area of a Surface of R
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Sec. II] Moments. Centres of Gravit
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Sec 11] Moments. Centres of Gravity
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&?c. 12] Applying Definite Integral
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Sec. 12] Applying Definite Integral
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Sec. 1) Basic Notions [SI Putting *
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Sec. 1]_Basic Notions_183 1790*. Le
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Sec. 3] Partial Derivatives 185 180
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Sec. 4]_Total Differential of a Fun
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Sec. 4}_Total Differential of a Fun
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Sec. 5]_Differentiation of Composit
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Sec. 6]_Derivative in a Given Direc
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Sec. 6] Derivative in a Given Direc
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Sec. 7]_Higher-Order Derivatives an
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Sec. 7] Higher-Order Derivatives an
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Sec. 7]_Higher-Order Derivatives an
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Sec. ti\_Integration of Total Diffe
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Sec. 9]_Differentiation of Implicit
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Sec. 9] Differentiation of Implicit
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Sec. 9]_Differentiation of Implicit
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Sec. 10]_Change of Variables_2H 196
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Sec. 10]_Change of Variables_213 or
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Sec. 10] Change of Variables 215 an
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Sec. 11]_The Tangent Plane and the
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Sec. 11]_The Tangent Plane and the
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Sec. 12] Taylor's Formula for a Fun
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Sec. 13]_The Extremum of a Function
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Sec. 13] The Extremutn of a Functio
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Sec. 14] Finding the Greatest and S
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Sec. 14] Finding the Greatest and S
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Sec. 15] Singular Points of Plane C
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Sec. 16] Envelope 233 Solution. The
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Sec. 18] The Vector Function of a S
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Sec. 18]_The Vector Function of a S
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Sec. 19] The Natural Trihedron of a
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Sec. 19] The Natural Trihedron of a
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Sec. 20] Curvature and Torsion of a
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Sec. 20]_Curvature and Torsion of a
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Sec. 1] The Double Integral in Rect
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Sec. 2]_Change of Variables in a Do
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Sec. 2]_Change of Variables in a Do
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Sec 3]_Computing Areas_257 2177. Co
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Sec. 5]_Computing th Area* of Surfa
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Sec. 6]_Applications of the Double
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Sec. 7] Triple Integrals 2o3 Evalua
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Sec 7\ Triple Integrals 265 We ther
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gee. 7]_Triple Integrals_267 2251.
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Sec. 8] Improper Integrals Dependen
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Sec. 8]_Improper Integrals Dependen
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See. 9] Line Integrals 273 Test for
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Sec. 9]____Line Inlegtah____275 whe
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Sec. 9]_Line Integrals__277 express
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Sec. 9] Lim Integrals 279 (/-axis;
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Sec 9] Line Integrals 281 Evaluate
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Sec. 9] Line Integrals 2S& D. Appli
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Sec. 10] Surface Integrals 285 When
Page 293 and 294: ec. 11]_The Ostrogradsky-Gauss Form
Page 295 and 296: Sec. 12] Fundamentals of Field Theo
Page 297 and 298: Sec. 12] Fundamentals of Field Theo
Page 299 and 300: Sec. 1. Number Series Chapter VIII
Page 301 and 302: Sec. 1]_Number Series_295 c) D'Alem
Page 303 and 304: Sec /\_Number Series_297 Note. For
Page 305 and 306: 2418. + + 0419 J___1_ . 4- 4- 4- '
Page 307 and 308: Sec. 1] Number Series 2464. cos-2-)
Page 309 and 310: Sec. 1]_Number Series_303 - V r(2-Q
Page 311 and 312: Sec. 2]_Functional Series_305 In th
Page 313 and 314: Sec. 2]_Functional Series_307 [the
Page 315 and 316: Sec. 2] Functional Series 309 Deter
Page 317 and 318: Sec. 3]_Taylor's Series_311 v8 s r
Page 319 and 320: Sec. 3] Taylor's Series 313 Since a
Page 321 and 322: Sec 3} Taylor's Series 315 2615. ln
Page 323 and 324: Sec. 3] Taylor's Series 317 2651. F
Page 325 and 326: Sec. 4] Fourier Series 319 If a fun
Page 327 and 328: Sec. 4\__Fourier Series _321 2690.
Page 329 and 330: Sec 1 1 Verifying Solutions 323 It
Page 331 and 332: Sec. 21 First-Order Differential Eq
Page 333 and 334: Sec. 3] Differential Equations with
Page 335 and 336: Sec. 3\ Differential Equations with
Page 337 and 338: Sec. 4]_First-Order Homogeneous Dif
Page 339 and 340: Sec. 5] Bernoulli's Equation 333 Co
Page 341 and 342: Sec. 6] Exact Differential Equation
Page 343: Sec. 7] First-Order Differential Eq
Page 347 and 348: Sec. 9] Miscellaneous Exercises on
Page 349 and 350: Sec. 9] Miscellaneous Exercises on
Page 351 and 352: Sec. 10] Higher-Order Differential
Page 353 and 354: Sec. 10]__Higher-Order Differential
Page 355 and 356: Sec. 11]_Linear Differential Equati
Page 357 and 358: Sec. 12] Linear Differential Equati
Page 363 and 364: Sec. 14]_Euler's Equations__357 Fin
Page 365 and 366: Sec. 15]_Systems of Differential Eq
Page 367 and 368: .Sec. 16} Integration of Differenti
Page 369 and 370: Sec. 17] Problems on Fourier's Meth
Page 371 and 372: Sec. 17]_Problems on Fourier's Meth
Page 373 and 374: Chapter X APPROXIMATE CALCULATIONS
Page 375 and 376: Sec. 1] Operations on Approximate N
Page 377 and 378: Sec. /]_Operations on Approximate N
Page 379 and 380: Sec, 2] Interpolation of Functions
Page 381 and 382: Sec. 2] Interpolation of Functions
Page 383 and 384: Sec. 3]_Computing the Real Roots of
Page 389 and 390: Sec. 4] Numerical Integration of Fu
Page 391 and 392: Sec. 5] Numerical Integration of Or
Page 393 and 394: Sec. 5] Numerical Integration of Or
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Sec. 5] Numerical Integration of Or
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Table 3. Basic Table for Calculatin
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394 Approximate Calculations \Ch 10
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ANSWERS Chapter I 1. Solution. Sinc
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398 Answers Form a table of values:
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400 Answer* 271. Solution. If x & k
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402 Answers b) /'(!)= lim 1^15^= li
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404_Answers 494. , . 495. - - . 1 2
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-406 Answers 640. Hint. The equatio
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408_Answers_ 755. e xcosa sin(*sina
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410_Answers_4 where R is the radius
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412 Answers 1/~JT f Q \ J/max = TT=
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414 Answers 976. j/mi n =1.32 when
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416 Answers 1037. j/ 1040. 3x* 13 J
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418 1 1137. 4- 6 3a . In I ocot3x|
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420 Answers 4^8 Problem 1218*. 1221
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422 Answers X arctan(* + 2). 1294.
Page 430 and 431:
424 Answers sin 5* , 1374. -!- 1377
Page 432 and 433:
426 Answers 3 1442. In l-x2 ' '" 2
Page 434 and 435:
428_Answers_ the function /(x) = --
Page 436 and 437:
430 Answers 1651. 3na 2 . 1652. n(b
Page 438 and 439:
432 Answers inertia /=Y 2jttf 1 r *
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434 Answers along the large lower s
Page 442 and 443:
436 Answers cos^. ,810. * ox x* x d
Page 444 and 445:
438_Answers 1905. 1914. u(*. !/) =
Page 446 and 447:
440 Answers 1983. 3* + 4j/-H2z 169
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442 Answers is ~ |/2 + -~=, the alt
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444 Answers (binormal). 2103. bx *=
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444_Answers_x = \ ' > (principal no
Page 454 and 455:
446 Answers 2 a a a 2139. ( dy(f(x,
Page 456 and 457:
448_Answers_ r 4 **/* [ rj-cos*(p--
Page 458 and 459:
450 Answers 2243. 2244. 1 i VT=T* ^
Page 460 and 461:
452 Answers 2 t 2297. ) ~ll . |-[(I
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454_Answers__ TtD the flux, use the
Page 464 and 465:
456__Answers_ and when x | ^ =- , t
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458 Answers
Page 468 and 469:
460 Answers %-l n=o (n)=^=%. 2873.
Page 470 and 471:
462 Answers Chapter IX 2704. Yes. 2
Page 472 and 473:
464 Answers 2822. g-C*+; y=2*. 2824
Page 474 and 475:
466 Answers x + C z . 2914. #=
Page 476 and 477:
468_Answers_ A $007. 1) x = C cosco
Page 478 and 479:
470 Answers 3081. x = C l e 3082. x
Page 480 and 481:
472 Answers ,*. f (2"+ 1)JtJf dx. H
Page 482 and 483:
474 Answers 3131. a) 0.211; 0.389;
Page 484 and 485:
476 Appendix III. Inverse Quantitie
Page 486 and 487:
478 Appendix IV. Trigonometric Func
Page 488 and 489:
480 Appendix VI. Some Curves (for R
Page 490 and 491:
482 Appendix 11. Graphs //-=secx an
Page 492 and 493:
486 Appendix 24. Strophoid, * u s^-
Page 494 and 495:
Absolute error Absolute value 367 o
Page 496 and 497:
490 Index Differential equations of
Page 498 and 499:
492 Index Infinite discontinuities
Page 500 and 501:
494 Index Operator Hamiltonian 288
Page 502:
496 Index Taylor's series Term 311,
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