Integration of Conservation Strategies of Plant Genetic ... - Genres

The tasks of vegetables genetic resources conservation programme
Successive collecting of existing germplasm in natural environment, it is the only way for their
preservation for using now and in future. Postponement of such works even for one year, make
great endangered for these materials and decrease chance for their salvage.
In gene bank, the follwing materials were collected:
- native, old cultivars, landraces of vegetable crops, local populations, ecotypes, wild relatives and
wild species.
- obsolete cultivars from national register.
- breeding lines, cultivars, wild species polish and foreign source of resistance to patogens, stress
conditions and other characters.
- components of polish bred hybrids (self - incompatible lines, male-sterile etc.).
- cultivars and lines, which are testing pattern complex for pathogens races identification.
- standard cultivars recomended by Centre for Plant Cultivars Testing (COBORU), as a check
in register trials.
The collected materials are stored in seed form in Central Gene Bank storage at Radzików, and
vegetatively propagated accessions are maintained in field collections.
The current number of accessions is 2345 from 51 species of cultivated vegetable crops, 100 wild
relatives and wild species and also 453 vegetatively propagated accessions are maintained in the
field collections. 1451 seed samples hare been deposited in long term storage.(table 1 ).
Within the programme Plant Genetic Resources Lab. is holding collections, which are localized
in various institutions (table 2). Here are the following collections:
1. The collection of genus Allium covers:
- Collection of Allium cepa (onion) and A.cepa var. aggregatum (shallot, potato-onion) - 167
accessions and consists of old, obsolete, advanced cultivars, landraces from Poland and other
countries.
- The field collection of Allium sativum (garlic) - 233 accessions. Among materials are 133
polish "types" coming from 95 localities in Poland, 40 accessions collected in Kirgiz, Turkmen,
Uzbek, Tadzhik, Kazakh, 28 from Syberia and also from Moldavia, Russia, Lithuania, Romania,
Czechoslovakia, The Netherlands, Greece, USA, Japan. Some of accessions are duplicates of long
day garlic collection in Olomouc, Czechoslovakia.
- The field collection of other edible Allium and wild species of Allium - 270 accessions collected
mostly in centre of origin in Central Asia, Syberia.
All vegetatively propagated accessions, above mentioned collections, are reproduced every year
in the field, to maintain them alive and to obtain sufficient experimental materials (for
electrophoresis of isozymes, chemical composition et.c.). Accessions are evaluated during three
growing season, to provide breeders and other scientists the informations necessary for them to
utilize material.
2. The collection of genotypes of Phaseolus sp. covers:
- Collection of different forms of Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus - 1O5 accessions
mostly polish landraces collected during explorations in many regions of Poland.
- Collection of Phaseolus vulgaris (Snap bean) - 242 accessions of Polish and foreign cultivars.