Integration of Conservation Strategies of Plant Genetic ... - Genres
Integration of Conservation Strategies of Plant Genetic ... - Genres Integration of Conservation Strategies of Plant Genetic ... - Genres
K. Ham m er original composition and genetic diversity of Hungarian landraces could be successfully maintained. In eastern Germany where there was hardly any sector of private agriculture left after the establishment of collective farms, the Gatersleben genebank developed an effective cooperation with open air museums which maintained and reproduced local fruit trees (Heller 1993) and cross pollinated crops as e.g. rye (Hammer 1990). It is interesting that in the western part of Germany despite of the private ownership of land, genetic erosion proceeded equally fast because of other economic pressures, so that similar solutions with open air museums have been developed (see e.g. Sukopp 1983, Plarre, 1985). A relatively new development can be observed with biosphere reserves (Anon. 1993b) where in the marginal zones there is often need for a certain type of agricultural production and this production should be based on traditional landraces. The few examples indicated can be seen as first steps into the right direction. An integrated system is necessary to serve the present and future human subsistence and particularly nutrition. There is no real alternative for an integrated NGO - GO approach in conserving plant genetic resources (Hammer 1993c). References Altieri, M. A., 1989: Rethinking crop genetic resource conservation: a view from the south. Conservation Biology 3, 77-79. Anon., 1993a: Farmers regenerate landraces in Hungary. Geneflow 1993, 16. Anon., 1993b: International Cooperation of the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programs of Europe and North Africa. Access. A Directory of Contacts, Environmental Data Bases, and Scientific Infrastructure on 175 Biosphere Reserves in 32 Countries. Baik Mun-Chan, Hoang-Ho Dzun and K. Hammer, 1986: A check-list of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34, 69-144. Baur, E., 1914: Die Bedeutung der primitiven Kulturrassen und der wilden Verwandten unserer Kulturpflanzen für die Pflanzenzüchtung. Jahrb. dt. Landw. Gesellsch. 29, 104-110. Blixt, S. and T. Williams (eds), 1982: Documentation of genetic resources: a model. IBPGR Secretariat, Rome. von Bothmer, R., O. Seberg and N. Jacobsen, 1992: Genetic resources in the Triticeae. Hereditas 116, 141-150. Brush, S. B., 1989: Rethinking crop genetic resource conservation. Conservation Biology 3, 19-29. D'Antuono, L. F., 1989: Il farro: Areali di coltivazione, caratteristiche agronomiche e prospettive colturali. L'Informatore Agrario 45 (24), 49-57. D'Antuono, L. F. and A. Pavoni, 1993: Phenology and grain growth of Triticum dicoccum and T. monococcum from Italy. In: A. B. Damania (ed.), Biodiversity and Wheat Improvement, 273-286. Esquivel, M. and K. Hammer, 1992: The Cuban homegarden 'conuco': a perspective environment for evolution and in situ conservation of plant genetic resources. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 39, 9-22. Hammer, K., 1981: Problems of Papaver somniferum-classification and some remarks on recently collected European poppy land-races. Kulturpflanze 29, 287-296. Hammer, K., 1990: Erhaltung alter Landsorten in Dorfmuseen und ähnlichen Einrichtungen. Sonderinformation "Die genetische Mannigfaltigkeit der heimischen Farn- und Blütenpflanzen", Institut für Umweltschutz - Umweltinform (13. Jahrg.) 4, 72-76. Hammer, K., 1991a: Checklists and germplasm collecting. FAO/IBPGR Plant Genetic Resources Newsl. 85, 15-17.
Ex sit u an d on f ar m con ser v at ion an d t h e f or m al sect or Hammer, K., 1991b: Die Bedeutung von Kulturpflanzen-Unkraut-Komplexen für die Evolution von Kulturpflanzen. In: E.-G. Mahn und F. Tietze (Hrsg.), Agroökosysteme und Habitatinseln in der Agrarlandschaft. Wiss. Beiträge Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, 14-22. Hammer, K., 1991c: Die Nutzung des Materials der Gaterslebener Genbank für die Resistenzzüchtung - eine Übersicht. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 19, 197-206. Hammer, K., 1993a: Generosion aus Genbank-Sicht. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 25, 140-148. Hammer, K., 1993b: The 50th anniversary of the Gatersleben genebank. FAO/IBPGR Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter 91/92, 1-8. Hammer, K., 1993c: Vorwort. In: R. Vellvé, Lebendige Vielfalt, 13-17. Hammer, K. und F. Begemann, 1993: Gatersleben genebank celebrates 50th anniversary. Diversity 9, 22-23. Hammer, K. und H. Gäde, 1993: 50 Jahre Genbank Gatersleben. Biol. in unserer Zeit 23, 356-362. Hammer, K., H. Gäde und H. Knüpffer, 1993: 50 Jahre Genbank Gatersleben - eine Übersicht. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 27, 333-383. Hammer, K., C. O. Lehmann and P. Perrino, 1985a: Die in den Jahren 1980, 1981 und 1982 in Süditalien gesammelten Getreide-Landsorten - botanische Ergebnisse. Kulturpflanze 33, 237-267. Hammer, K., C. O. Lehmann and P. Perrino, 1985b: Character variability and evolutionary trends in a barley hybrid swarm - a case study. Biol. Zbl. 104, 511-517. Hammer, K., C. O. Lehmann and P. Perrino, 1988: A check-list of the Libyan cultivated plants including an inventory of the germplasm collected in the years 1981, 1982 and 1983. Kulturpflanze 36, 475- 527. Hammer, K., H. Knüpffer, G. Laghetti and P. Perrino, 1992: Seeds from the Past. A Catalogue of Crop Germplasm in South Italy and Sicily. Istituto del Germoplasma, Bari. Hammer, K. and P. Perrino, 1984: Further information on farro (Triticum monococcum L. and T. dicoccon Schrank) in South Italy. Kulturpflanze 32, 143-151. Hammer, K., P. Perrino and D. Pignone, 1987: Collection of plant genetic resources in South Italy, 1986. Kulturpflanze 35, 389-399. Hanelt, P. and R. K. Beridze, 1991: The flora of cultivated plants of the Georgian SSR and its genetic resources. Flora et Vegetatio Mundi 9, 113-120. Harlan, J. R. and J. M. J. De Wet, 1971: Toward a rational classification of cultivated plants. Taxon 20, 509-517. Hawkes, J. G., 1991: International workshop on dynamic in-situ conservation of wild relatives of major cultivated plants: Summary of final discussion and recommendations. Isr. J. Bot. 40, 529-536. Heller, R., 1993: Obst-Lokalsorten in der Altmark - eine kulturhistorische Übersicht. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 27, 80-83. Holly, L. and J. Unk, 1981: Preservation of Hungarian land-races as genetic resources. Kulturpflanze 29, 63-65. Knolle, H., 1989: Schutz gegen Pflanzenkrankheiten durch genetische Diversität. Naturw. Rundsch. 42, 49-61. Knüpffer, H., 1992: The database of cultivated plants of Cuba. In: Hammer, K., M. Esquivel and H. Knüpffer (eds.), "... y tienen faxones y fabas muy diversos de los nuestros ..." - Origin, Evolution and Diversity of Cuban Plant Genetic Resources, 202-212. Kuckuck, H., 1974: Bedeutung der Nutzung, Erhaltung und Weiterentwicklung der natürlichen genetischen Formenmannigfaltigkeit für die Pflanzenzüchtung - ein Beitrag zur "grünen Revolution". Naturw. Rundsch. 27, 267-272. Kühn, F., K. Hammer und P. Hanelt, 1976: Botanische Ergebnisse einer Reise in die _SSR 1974 zur Sammlung autochthoner Kulturpflanzen. Kulturpflanze 24, 283-347. Lehmann, C. O., 1990: Hundert Jahre Sammlung und Nutzung von Landsorten - zur Erinnerung an Emanuel Ritter von Proskowetz und Franz Schindler. In: M. Dambroth und C. O. Lehmann (Hrsg.),
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Ex sit u an d on f ar m con ser v at ion an d t h e f or m al sect or<br />
Hammer, K., 1991b: Die Bedeutung von Kulturpflanzen-Unkraut-Komplexen für die Evolution von<br />
Kulturpflanzen. In: E.-G. Mahn und F. Tietze (Hrsg.), Agroökosysteme und Habitatinseln in der<br />
Agrarlandschaft. Wiss. Beiträge Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg, 14-22.<br />
Hammer, K., 1991c: Die Nutzung des Materials der Gaterslebener Genbank für die Resistenzzüchtung<br />
- eine Übersicht. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 19, 197-206.<br />
Hammer, K., 1993a: Generosion aus Genbank-Sicht. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 25, 140-148.<br />
Hammer, K., 1993b: The 50th anniversary <strong>of</strong> the Gatersleben genebank. FAO/IBPGR <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Genetic</strong><br />
Resources Newsletter 91/92, 1-8.<br />
Hammer, K., 1993c: Vorwort. In: R. Vellvé, Lebendige Vielfalt, 13-17.<br />
Hammer, K. und F. Begemann, 1993: Gatersleben genebank celebrates 50th anniversary. Diversity 9,<br />
22-23.<br />
Hammer, K. und H. Gäde, 1993: 50 Jahre Genbank Gatersleben. Biol. in unserer Zeit 23, 356-362.<br />
Hammer, K., H. Gäde und H. Knüpffer, 1993: 50 Jahre Genbank Gatersleben - eine Übersicht. Vortr.<br />
Pflanzenzüchtg. 27, 333-383.<br />
Hammer, K., C. O. Lehmann and P. Perrino, 1985a: Die in den Jahren 1980, 1981 und 1982 in<br />
Süditalien gesammelten Getreide-Landsorten - botanische Ergebnisse. Kulturpflanze 33, 237-267.<br />
Hammer, K., C. O. Lehmann and P. Perrino, 1985b: Character variability and evolutionary trends in a<br />
barley hybrid swarm - a case study. Biol. Zbl. 104, 511-517.<br />
Hammer, K., C. O. Lehmann and P. Perrino, 1988: A check-list <strong>of</strong> the Libyan cultivated plants including<br />
an inventory <strong>of</strong> the germplasm collected in the years 1981, 1982 and 1983. Kulturpflanze 36, 475-<br />
527.<br />
Hammer, K., H. Knüpffer, G. Laghetti and P. Perrino, 1992: Seeds from the Past. A Catalogue <strong>of</strong> Crop<br />
Germplasm in South Italy and Sicily. Istituto del Germoplasma, Bari.<br />
Hammer, K. and P. Perrino, 1984: Further information on farro (Triticum monococcum L. and T.<br />
dicoccon Schrank) in South Italy. Kulturpflanze 32, 143-151.<br />
Hammer, K., P. Perrino and D. Pignone, 1987: Collection <strong>of</strong> plant genetic resources in South Italy,<br />
1986. Kulturpflanze 35, 389-399.<br />
Hanelt, P. and R. K. Beridze, 1991: The flora <strong>of</strong> cultivated plants <strong>of</strong> the Georgian SSR and its genetic<br />
resources. Flora et Vegetatio Mundi 9, 113-120.<br />
Harlan, J. R. and J. M. J. De Wet, 1971: Toward a rational classification <strong>of</strong> cultivated plants. Taxon 20,<br />
509-517.<br />
Hawkes, J. G., 1991: International workshop on dynamic in-situ conservation <strong>of</strong> wild relatives <strong>of</strong> major<br />
cultivated plants: Summary <strong>of</strong> final discussion and recommendations. Isr. J. Bot. 40, 529-536.<br />
Heller, R., 1993: Obst-Lokalsorten in der Altmark - eine kulturhistorische Übersicht. Vortr.<br />
Pflanzenzüchtg. 27, 80-83.<br />
Holly, L. and J. Unk, 1981: Preservation <strong>of</strong> Hungarian land-races as genetic resources. Kulturpflanze<br />
29, 63-65.<br />
Knolle, H., 1989: Schutz gegen Pflanzenkrankheiten durch genetische Diversität. Naturw. Rundsch.<br />
42, 49-61.<br />
Knüpffer, H., 1992: The database <strong>of</strong> cultivated plants <strong>of</strong> Cuba. In: Hammer, K., M. Esquivel and H.<br />
Knüpffer (eds.), "... y tienen faxones y fabas muy diversos de los nuestros ..." - Origin, Evolution<br />
and Diversity <strong>of</strong> Cuban <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Genetic</strong> Resources, 202-212.<br />
Kuckuck, H., 1974: Bedeutung der Nutzung, Erhaltung und Weiterentwicklung der natürlichen<br />
genetischen Formenmannigfaltigkeit für die Pflanzenzüchtung - ein Beitrag zur "grünen<br />
Revolution". Naturw. Rundsch. 27, 267-272.<br />
Kühn, F., K. Hammer und P. Hanelt, 1976: Botanische Ergebnisse einer Reise in die _SSR 1974 zur<br />
Sammlung autochthoner Kulturpflanzen. Kulturpflanze 24, 283-347.<br />
Lehmann, C. O., 1990: Hundert Jahre Sammlung und Nutzung von Landsorten - zur Erinnerung an<br />
Emanuel Ritter von Proskowetz und Franz Schindler. In: M. Dambroth und C. O. Lehmann (Hrsg.),
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