Integration of Conservation Strategies of Plant Genetic ... - Genres

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K. Ham m er Table 1: Development of material in the Gatersleben genebank Year No. Accessions 1945/46 1950 1955 1960 1065 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 3.500 12.550 15.652 20.197 29.120 32.489 40.628 48.959 57.888 68.840 Source: Hammer (1993b) (estimate) Table 2: Material in the Gatersleben genebank (1992), including the new stations Crop groups No. accessions Cereals a Grasses b Potatoes (Station Groß Lüsewitz) Beets Pulses Clover and related crops b Oil- and fibre-crops b Medicinal plants, spice plants, technical crops Vegetables (incl. Cucurbitaceae) Mutants and genetic stocks (Lycopersicon, Glycine, Antirrhinum) Fruits (Stations Dresden-Pillnitz and Müncheberg) Ornamental plants 34.805 8.187 4.494 1.485 16.006 3.785 6.953 3.646 9.962 2.614 1.405 1.878 Total 95.219 a Includes Secale and triticale (Station Gülzow) b Includes grasses, clover and oilseed collection (Station Müncheberg) Source: Hammer (1993b) The present overview on the material is shown in table 2. After the political and economic changes in
Germany the Gatersleben institute was newly founded in 1992 as Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research including stations in northern (Groß Lüsewitz, Malchow, Güstrow) and southern parts (Dresden-Pillnitz) of eastern Germany with special collections comprising now nearly 100.000 accessions. The material in the genebank derived to a large part from collecting missions. After relatively scanty activities in the first years the Gatersleben genebank carried out an intensive collecting programme in the 70ies and 80ies (table 3). Table 3: Collecting missions conducted by the Gatersleben staff, 1974-1990 Collecting area (year) No. Accessions Czechoslovakia (1974, 1977, 1981) Eastern Germany (1975-1984) Poland (1976, 1978, 1984) Spain (1978) Italy (1980-1989) Libya (1981-1983) Georgia, former USSR (1981-1989) Austria (1982, 1983, 1985, 1986) Ethiopia (1983, 1984) Korean DPR (1984-1989) Mongolia (1985, 1987) China (1986, 1988) Iraq (1986) Cuba (1986-1990) Central Asia, Former USSR (1987, 1988) Colombia (1988) Peru (1988) 1.153 694 442 344 2.077 468 2.709 265 186 530 67 67 141 517 141 112 37 Total 9.950 Source: Hammer (1993b) The material in the genebank is offered to the user community by publishing Indices seminum (table 4). For the special use of plant breeders since 1981 an extensive supplementum of cultivars is published every four years (Supplementum cultivarorum). The indices also contain information on the results of evaluations. Thus the genebank material is accepted by the users, as can be seen from table 5. The number of accessions provided directly for plant breeders is relatively low. But we have to consider that material from genebanks is often of little direct use for plant breeding. In most cases germplasm enhancement is necessary which is usually done by groups of scientists engaged in breeding research. The material ordered by these groups has been put into the category "Research institutes, collections etc." in table 5. Table 6 shows the amount of material which underwent a further evaluation (Blixt and Williams 1982) in departments of the Gatersleben institute or in other institutes (Hammer 1991c). The evaluation work reflects the economic importance of the crop groups for plant breeding. Cereals have been intensively
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Integration of Conservation Strateg
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Table of Contents Pages Preface 1 K
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Preface When in autumn 1992 the Sci
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certainly be discussed intensively
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L. Dotlacil; Z. Stehno; M. Resatko
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F. Begemann 2.1.1 Agricultural and
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F. Begemann Table 2: Active members
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F. Begemann 1 Ahrensburg BAZ, Insti
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F. Begemann Table 4: Legal framewor
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F. Begemann Table 6: Objectives and
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F. Begemann Forsten, Angewandte Wis
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organization of actions developed s
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1.5; Contribution of NGO for collec
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- The vine collection including mor
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Plant genetic resources activities
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available at present, in order to i
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National Activities on Plant Geneti
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and the Netherlands for cooperative
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- Duplicate collection A duplicate
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Table 2. Regeneration of crops Crop
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germination bags and rest bags) are
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Conservation of Plant Genetic Resou
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- collection of genotypes endangere
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Fig. 1: Organizational framework of
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Fig. 2: Computerized documentation
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CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF PLA
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In situ conservation An important p
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Prospects of development of ex situ
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disciples, currently numbers about
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VOLUME OF VIR'S DATA BASES (for Sep
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Plant Genetic Resources Activities
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Tab. 2: Seed active collections Pla
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1.3 Botanic gardens Plant genetic r
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The Nordic Gene Bank S. BLIXT 1 Bac
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institute has agreed to maintain ge
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III. the species is endangered. B.
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Conservation of Plant Genetic Resou
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Since 1949 it has been the policy t
Page 95 and 96: eventually result in habitat fragme
Page 97 and 98: Ex situ genetic resources conservat
Page 99 and 100: Fig. 1: In-situ preservation areas
Page 101 and 102: Legal Framework-National Programme.
Page 103 and 104: European Cooperation on Plant Genet
Page 105 and 106: - Development of national programme
Page 107 and 108: Operation of the ECP/GR in Phase V
Page 109 and 110: The "informal sector" It is now wid
Page 111 and 112: Australian collecting mission has b
Page 113 and 114: Man and the Biosphere (MAB) A Globa
Page 115 and 116: 2.3 Transition Zone Core and buffer
Page 117 and 118: develop models for measures to impr
Page 119 and 120: Fig. 1: Map of the Biosphere Reserv
Page 121 and 122: 4.7 Middle Elbe The biosphere reser
Page 123 and 124: 7. Concluding remark Due to the lon
Page 125 and 126: Plants and Gardens in the UK. These
Page 127 and 128: to be unavailable elsewhere. The cl
Page 129 and 130: 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Potato
Page 131 and 132: is no duplication. Disputes would b
Page 133 and 134: 1ai In the event of germination dro
Page 135 and 136: Finally, all these methods of conse
Page 137 and 138: have historically been one of the f
Page 139 and 140: In situ conservation of plant genet
Page 141 and 142: eing mainly to local and regional u
Page 143 and 144: working with local people on conser
Page 145: Ex situ and on farm conservation an
Page 149 and 150: Ex sit u an d on f ar m con ser v a
Page 155 and 156: On farm conservation of fruit trees
Page 157 and 158: Little ancient villages, abandoned
Page 159 and 160: consisting of two plants for each v
Page 161 and 162: and fruit conservation. Local and r
Page 163 and 164: Integrated approaches to ex-situ an
Page 165 and 166: of direct importance to the institu
Page 167 and 168: of fruit trees still found in garde
Page 169 and 170: All participants signed three resol
Page 171 and 172: Ex situ: - plantations - seed orcha
Page 173 and 174: Pollen storage is an efficient meth
Page 175 and 176: The definition in CBD which reflect
Page 177 and 178: 3.3 Variability within the species
Page 179 and 180: New Approaches to Evaluation of Gen
Page 181 and 182: References Dragavtsev, V.A., Utemis
Page 183 and 184: The tasks of vegetables genetic res
Page 185 and 186: Atriplex hortensis 1 Brassica campe
Page 187 and 188: 5. The collection some of Brassica
Page 189 and 190: The present economic situation in P
Page 191 and 192: enormous variety of forms, the evol
Page 193 and 194: For several years now the Botanical
Page 195 and 196: References: CELINSKI F., DENISIUK F
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Winter buds were used and analyzed
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Report of Working Groups: J. CHERFA
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Report of Working Group on: Complem
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Resolution (formulated by all parti
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Germany Dr. Karl HAMMER Head of Gen
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Tel:+(48)-22-552575 Fax:+(48)-22-55
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06118 Halle Dr. Lothar FRESE German
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