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Ownership/Maintenance by Drainage Organisation SuDS Component LA Drainage LA Roads LA Parks Private Ponds No No Yes Yes Basins No No Yes Yes Pervious Pavements No No No Yes Swales No Yes No Yes Infiltration Trenches No No No Yes Soakaways No No No Yes Green Roofs No No No Yes Rainwater Harvesting No No No Yes Bio-retention No No No Yes Design of SuDS It is important to be aware of both the opportunities and constraints of using SuDS for providing the most appropriate drainage system for a development. For more in-depth guidance the most appropriate document (other than GDSDS policy guidance) is the SUDS manual by CIRIA and SuDS for High Density Developments by HR Wallingford. Other SuDS reference documents and manuals are to be found in the references section of this web site. Design of SuDS with access to temporary or permanent water should consider public health and safety as well as issues associated with construction and operational management of the structures. Where SuDS are being used in rolling or steep terrain careful consideration of site layout planning and SuDS alignment is needed to minimise gradients of swales and construction of large embankments. Construction of SuDS SuDS are a combination of civil engineering structures and landscaping practice. Due to the limited experience of building SuDS in the water industry, there are a number of key issues which need to be particularly considered as their construction requires a change in approach to some standard construction practices. Detailed guidance on the construction related issues for SuDS is available in the SUDS Manual and the associated Construction Site handbook (CIRIA, 2007). SuDS Components for Your Site The following table summarises the SuDS components that might be used at your site, based on the input you have given: SuDS Component Applicability Ponds yes Basins yes Pervious Pavements yes Swales yes Infiltration Trenches yes Soakaways yes Green Roofs yes Rainwater Harvesting yes Bio-retention yes http://www.irishsuds.com/evaluation.htm For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required for any other use. Page 2 of 4 28/09/2010 EPA Export 24-08-2012:23:55:51
The Use of SuDS for Infiltration The use of infiltration in industrial areas should normally be avoided unless the risks of serious pollution are assessed as being low. There is a risk with steep sites that excessive use of infiltration might result in groundwater reappearing at lower locations. Careful consideration of the soil characteristics and groundwater depths is needed. Treatment Train In principle, the more SuDS used in a treatment train the better. Ponds should preferably not be used as the first SuDS component for any paved runoff. Treatment will be more effective and hydraulic benefits will also be gained. Where commercial or industrial development is proposed, greater emphasis on the treatment train will be required. It would generally be desirable to separate the systems serving these areas from systems serving residential developments. Where sites are very large, greater emphasis on treatment trains is needed to address the increased risk of accidental pollution incidents. Where developments drain to small streams, the impact of the development will be significant on the watercourse and greater emphasis on treatment is needed. 2. Suitable SuDS Components The following SuDS might be suitable components of the drainage system for the reasons given: Page 3 of 4 � Ponds Ponds are suitable for this site. Where industrial areas are served by ponds it is important to maximise the treatment process and minimise the transmission of an accidental spillage. Ponds should therefore be designed as multiple units if possible. Ponds built in permeable soils may require liners to ensure the existence of the permanent pool. The liner may be finished 100 or 200 mm lower than the outlet invert to encourage some infiltration to take place. Design of this perimeter zone should maximise infiltration. � Basins Basins are suitable for this site. Where industrial areas are served by a basin it is important to maximise the treatment process and minimise the transmission of an accidental spillage. Basins should therefore be designed as multiple units if possible and have control structures to prevent transmission of polluted flows downstream. � Pervious Pavements Pervious pavements are suitable for this site. Pervious pavements used in industrial areas need to consider the risk of pollutants. In most situations it is likely that the permeable pavement will be lined to avoid the risk of infiltrating pollutants. Experience has shown that great care is needed in making linings watertight due to the practical difficulties of working on a site. Concrete block permeable pavements have been used in industrial situations with heavy goods vehicles. However it is important to specifically address the additional forces to avoid deformation of the pavement. � Swales Swales are suitable for this site. The land take of swales is significant except for mini-swales. Although these SuDS components are very effective, their use in high density developments may be precluded due to lack of http://www.irishsuds.com/evaluation.htm For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required for any other use. 28/09/2010 EPA Export 24-08-2012:23:55:51
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Appendix D.3.3: DAC Reference Sites
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