For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required ...
For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required ... For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required ...
Introduction Dense Asphaltic Concrete Landfill lining technology at it’s best 3 Key Points It is generally accepted that landfills, which receive potentially hazardous wastes in locations where the release of contaminants may have environmentally unacceptable consequences, must be contained. In selecting and designing a containment system a realistic and pragmatic approach must be adopted which accepts the limitations of current knowledge but reduces the risks to the environment to what is perceived to be an acceptable level. Landfill operators and designers have to consider ever-changing environmental issues and policies when it comes to designing the type of liner required for a fully contained landfill area. There are generally four classes of containment or lining systems; Single Liner, Composite Liner, Double Liner and Multiple Liner. The decision as to which system is appropriate must be made on the basis of a risk Walo UK Limited is a division of the WALO BERTSCHINGER GROUP of Switzerland assessment which considers the nature of the waste to be disposed, the leachability ability of the contaminants within the waste, the vulnerability of ground and surface waters and the ability of the liner itself to minimise risk. Landfills must be designed to meet the necessary conditions for preventing pollution of soil, groundwater and surface water and this is to be achieved by the combination of a geological barrier and a bottom liner during the operational/active phase. Where the geological barrier does not meet the above conditions it can be completed artificially and reinforced by other means giving equivalent protection. A Dense Asphaltic Concrete (DAC) lining system is engineered to provide complete containment rather than controlled. Seepage the containment provided by a DAC lining system is engineered to be more effective than any other type of liner, be it Single, Composite or a Multiple System. For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required for any other use. 4 A well astablished solution to landfill engineering called Dense Aspualtic Concrete. Walo UK Limited is a division of the WALO BERTSCHINGER GROUP of Switzerland 4 EPA Export 24-08-2012:23:55:50
Landfill cells of any shape and size can be accommodated using DAC. The tying-in joint to an existing cell is very straight forward and made completely watertight. For inspection purposes only. Consent of copyright owner required for any other use. FACTORS AFFECTING THE CHOICE OF LINING MATERIALS The choice of containment system must be based on a risk assessment, one element of which is the ability of the liner itself to minimise the risk of leakage of dangerous contaminants into ground or surface water. It is however, equally important to take into account any physical or logistical constraints which may render a technically acceptable liner impractical. The principal considerations, which should be identified, are listed below: Minimal hydraulic conductivity possible* 5 Walo UK Limited is a division of Walo the UK WALO Limited BERTSCHINGER is a division of GROUP the WALO of Switzerland BERTSCHINGER GROUP of Switzerland Walo Walo UK Limited UK Limited is a is division a division of the of the WALO WALO BERTSCHINGER GROUP GROUP of Switzerland of Switzerland • • • • • • • • • Stability on steep slopes Sufficient flexibility Robustness Resistance to chemical attack Proven longevity Acceptance by regulatory authorities Acceptable installation techniques Realistic cost *Note: The term hydraulic conductivity is used in this brochure as a measure of the rate of flow of water based liquid through substrate assuming a hydraulic head of 3 metres. 6 EPA Export 24-08-2012:23:55:50
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Introduction<br />
Dense Asphaltic Concrete Landfill lining technology at it’s best<br />
3<br />
Key Points<br />
It is generally accepted that landfills,<br />
which receive potentially hazardous<br />
wastes in locations where the<br />
release <strong>of</strong> contaminants may have<br />
environmentally unacceptable<br />
consequences, must be contained.<br />
In selecting and designing a<br />
containment system a realistic and<br />
pragmatic approach must be adopted<br />
which accepts the limitations <strong>of</strong> current<br />
knowledge but reduces the risks to the<br />
environment to what is perceived to be<br />
an acceptable level.<br />
Landfill operators and designers<br />
have to consider ever-changing<br />
environmental issues and policies<br />
when it comes to designing the type<br />
<strong>of</strong> liner <strong>required</strong> for a fully contained<br />
landfill area.<br />
There are generally four classes <strong>of</strong><br />
containment or lining systems; Single<br />
Liner, Composite Liner, Double Liner<br />
and Multiple Liner. The decision<br />
as to which system is appropriate<br />
must be made on the basis <strong>of</strong> a risk<br />
Walo UK Limited is a division <strong>of</strong> the WALO BERTSCHINGER GROUP <strong>of</strong> Switzerland<br />
assessment which considers the<br />
nature <strong>of</strong> the waste to be disposed, the<br />
leachability ability <strong>of</strong> the contaminants<br />
within the waste, the vulnerability <strong>of</strong><br />
ground and surface waters and the<br />
ability <strong>of</strong> the liner itself to minimise risk.<br />
Landfills must be designed to meet the<br />
necessary conditions for preventing<br />
pollution <strong>of</strong> soil, groundwater and<br />
surface water and this is to be<br />
achieved by the combination <strong>of</strong> a<br />
geological barrier and a bottom liner<br />
during the operational/active phase.<br />
Where the geological barrier does not<br />
meet the above conditions it can be<br />
completed artificially and reinforced<br />
by other means giving equivalent<br />
protection.<br />
A Dense Asphaltic Concrete (DAC)<br />
lining system is engineered to provide<br />
complete containment rather than<br />
controlled. Seepage the containment<br />
provided by a DAC lining system is<br />
engineered to be more effective than<br />
any other type <strong>of</strong> liner, be it Single,<br />
Composite or a Multiple System.<br />
<strong>For</strong> <strong>inspection</strong> <strong>purposes</strong> <strong>only</strong>.<br />
<strong>Consent</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>copyright</strong> <strong>owner</strong> <strong>required</strong> for any other use.<br />
4<br />
A well astablished solution to landfill<br />
engineering called Dense Aspualtic<br />
Concrete.<br />
Walo UK Limited is a division <strong>of</strong> the WALO BERTSCHINGER GROUP <strong>of</strong> Switzerland<br />
4<br />
EPA Export 24-08-2012:23:55:50