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moving away from pure continental drift, not constrained by plate limits, to produce a model that finally is more and more self-constrained. In this approach inter-dependant reconstructions are created from the past to the present. Except during collisions, plates are moved step by step, as single rigid entities. Lithospheric plates are constructed by adding/removing oceanic material (symbolized by synthetic isochrones) to major continents and terranes. In the last years we changed our tools and moved into GIS softwares and built a geodynamic database to support the reconstructions, and the model was, and still is, extended to the whole globe, spanning the earth history from 600 Ma to 20 Ma, with average steps of 15 Ma.. Our high precision reconstructions allow to measure many geological features in time and space, starting with plate velocities. It is also possible to evaluate the changing space for the world oceanic volume, as oceans are reconstructed in time and their depth can be assessed in function of their age. It is also possible to measure the changing length of mid-ocean ridges and active margins, giving an insight into volcanic activity and thus potential climate changes. The areas of continental masses versus their position in latitude can also be measured. These figures can be confronted to existing paleoclimatic data and eustatic sea level curves, in order the assess the impact of plate tectonic versus short term climatic changes. 1 . Style, timing, and controls on European intraplate basin inversion in the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene Randell Stephenson (VU University Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Aarhus, Denmark; and University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom) Peter Ziegler was coincidentally the first geologist I met (except for Sierd) upon my arrival in Europe in mid-June 1989. Peter probably won’t remember it but (somehow) I joined up with him and some others at Marseille airport and hitched a ride to a conference we were all attending at Arles. On the way, as we passed outcrops at 120 km/h, I received my first “lecture” on the far-field effects of the Alpine orogeny. Intraplate deformation in Europe was to become one of the main guiding themes of my subsequent career, with Peter as an important mentor in the process. So that more or less covers the “timing” part of this presentation not to mention the “style”, which is unique. About “controls”, though, it seems that some aspects of the inversion of European basins may not be purely controlled by Alpine (Africa-Europe collision) processes but also by what was happening on other European plate boundaries. Lately, my colleagues at the University of Aarhus and I demonstrated a causal relationship between an abrupt change of European intraplate deformation style and North Atlantic continental rifting at ≈62 Ma. The rifting involved a left-lateral displacement between the North American-Greenland plate and Eurasia, which we think may actually have initiated the observed pause in the relative convergence of Europe and Africa that Peter knows well (as does Pierre). The associated stress change in the European continent was significant and can possibly explain the sudden termination of ≈20 Myr of Late Cretaceous to earliest Paleocene contractional intraplate deformation within Europe to be replaced by low-amplitude intraplate stress-relaxation features. Coincidentally, the pre-rupture tectonic stress may have been large enough to precipitate continental break-up, without the necessity of invoking a thermal mantle plume (viz. Iceland) as a driving mechanism. I’ll close with some words about the Dniepr-Donets Basin (and Donbas Foldbelt) – Peter was with me on my very first visit to Ukraine in February 1992 – and how this basin was “inverted” during the same Late Cretaceous-Paleocene time frame as those further west. 3 Symposium 14: Deep Earth – From Crust to Core: A Tribute to Peter A. Ziegler
3 8 INDEX Index A Abbühl L. 156, 178 Abdollahzadeh M. 297 Achauer U. 340 Adatte T. 115, 215, 332, 338 Aerts M. 211 Agudelo A. 206 Akçar N. 147, 163 Akyüz H.S. 241 Al-Zoubaidy M. 272 Alber W. 311 Alexey U. 213 Alizadeh B. 242 Allanic C. 12 Allaz J. 21, 74 Almqvist B. 13 Altunel E. 241 Amann F. 246 Ambrosi C. 244 Andreoli M. 37 Anselmetti F. 151, 166, 168, 274, 309 Antognini M. 99 Antonovic M. 298 Appenzeller C. 206 Arabi S. 34, 35 Astorga C. 213 Aubry D. 118 Augenstein C. 14 Ayer J. 115 B Bader T. 75, 76 Badertscher C. 115 Bagheri S. 242 Bandini A. 116 Bardou E. 204 Baron L. 188 Barry D.A. 272 Barthazy E. 136 Baruffini M. 245 Bauder A. 174 Baumann P. 274 Baumberger R. 299 Baumberger T. 78 Baumeler A. 236, 300, 301 Baumgartner-Mora C. 116 Baumgartner L. 81, 84, 89 Baumgartner P.O. 116, 329 Baur H. 156 Becker D. 118, 128, 132 Beer C. 302 Beer R. 167 Begert M. 137, 206 Behrens K. 142 Bejaoui J. 211 Bekaddour T. 79 Bellin A. 278 Bendezú A. 213, 214 Beres M. 302 Berger A. 21, 74 Berger J.-P. 119, 125, 128, 132 Bernasconi S.M. 78, 102, 164, 165, 332, 336, 337 Bernoulli D. 19 Beylich A. 148 Bigler C. 167 Bini A. 44 Birkholz A. 165 Black S. 161 Blanchet J. 207 Bläuer C. 230 Blikra L-H. 259 Blundy J. 95 Bochud M. 15, 49, 303 Bodin S. 332 Bodin X. 175 Böhme M. 259 Boll S. 115 Bonalumi M. 274 Bonani G. 152 Bonin M. 97 Bonjour C. 263 Boscacci M. 138 Bossart P. 299, 307 Bottini C. 331 Boudad L. 122 Bouhlel S. 211, 216 Brayard A. 124 Breitenstein M. 277 Brockmann E. 141, 314, 327 Brönnimann S. 137 Brovelli A. 272 Brühwiler T. 124, 335 Bruijn R. 15 Brun J.-P. 341 Bruno M.C. 278, 282 Bucher H. 124, 335 Bucher K. 110 Buchs D. 116 Bugini R. 231 Buogo A. 304 Burg J.-P. 14, 19, 20, 38, 46, 64, 90 Burkhalter R. 56 Burki V. 148 Burlini L. 15, 23, 47 Burri S. 144 Busarello C. 186 Buser R. 304 Buser T. 282 Bussien D. 79, 80 Bussy F. 79, 80 C Çakır Z. 241 Canals A. 211 Cannata M. 267, 305, 317 Caprez J. 177 Cardellach E. 211 Caricchi L. 91 Carlson W. 98 Carolli M. 278, 282 Casellato C.E. 331 Catchpole H. 213, 214 Cavallo G. 233 Cavazza W. 341 Cavin L. 122 Champagnac J.-D. 12, 16, 58, 64, 70, 178 Champod E. 48 Charollais J. 42 Chaudhuri N. 286 Chiaradia M. 79, 89 Christl I. 165 Clegg B. 167 Cloetingh S.A.P.L. 342 Cole D. 286 Collaud Coen M. 140 Comment G. 115 Connolly J. 18, 46, 67 Constandache M. 119 Consuegra D. 276 Corredig G. 233 Cosca M. 94 Coumou D. 217 Croci-Maspoli M. 137, 206 Cua G. 263 D Dandurand J.-L. 225, 226 Daoud A.M. 66 Darbellay B. 81 Darling K. 134 Darms G. 180 Davoudian A.R. 81, 88, 93, 103 De Bernardi B. 331 de Bettignies G. 285 de Capitani C. 75, 76
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