Untitled - Smithsonian Institution

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110 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 99 not cure, and there are some against which an Indian doctor is helpless. But as a rule, a white man's medicine can not help an Indian, just as Indian medicine is of no use to a white man. He (W.) personally experienced this." Although he expresses himself in such a mild way with regard to white doctors and their medicine, I know that ho secretly holds the aboriginal medicine men with their paraphernalia and simples as far more successful and skilled masters, and whenever any siclaiess pre- vails in his cabin, W. will only call on the Government physician after weeks of treatment by his own and other medicine men's arts have brought no results. Again, although he is fully convinced of the fact that a medicine man should never impose on the laymen or brag about his superior knowledge, I know that W. is very conceited, and since the death of his half brother, Climbing Bear, he considers himself second to none. He is feared by many, despised by a few, loved by none. .Yet, because of his accomplishments and his keen intclligeiico, he has been elected a member of the Cherokee Council so often that he has been in office for upward of a score of years. Few, if any, on the whole reserve have had a better "white education"; hardly one of his people has lived in white communities as long as W. has; yet he is the most ardent and most conscious of traditionalists. He is fully aware of his own worth and accomplishments, and there- fore extremely sensitive to mockery and slight. Unflinciiingly believing in every bit of Cherokee traditional and ritual lore as he does, I am sure that many tunes he has by occult means tried to remove from his path and from this world, those tha t were his avowed or secret enemies. In his practice he never consciously departs from ritual or tradition, and most literally and punctiliously follows and observes injunctions and prescriptions appended to the formulas. As to his professional honesty, I found several proofs of this being scant indeed; yet I do not think that his motives were wholly or even mostly selfish. At times one woidd be inclined to look upon him as one who believes himself the prophet of a losing cause, and firmly convinced that all means are allowable to keep the people at large in the respect and in the awe of the beliefs and the institutions of the past. His pronounced erotic nature, which is to be discussed later in con- nection with the experience mentioned above, is imdoubtcdly responsi- ble for many traits in his behavior; his natural disposition for conceit, e. g., is considerably enhanced by it. An activity and a providence, which the more surprise us as they are totally unknown to his shiftless and happy-go-lucky fellows, he owes, I feel quite sure, to his training as an adolescent in the Government boarding school, and to his subsequent stay with white families as a servant and coachman.

OLMECHTs] THE SWIMMER MANUSCRIPT 111 Altogether, W. was by far the most impressive and most important personality in the settlement at the time of my stay. If only so much antipathy had not been rampant against him he would without any doubt have been considered, implicitly if not outspokenly, the leader of the community. This role, however, it has been given to T. (63 years old, bachelor, pi. 10, c) to fulfill. Vastly inferior to W., both in intelligence and knowledge, his disposition and temperament have secured for him a universal love and a public esteem, to which by the mere accomplishments of his mind he could never have attained. His social intercourse is replete with a distinction and a nobility that would create a sensation in an aristocratic drawing-room. Children that run and scramble away into hiding when W. comes briskly stepping along the trail, approach with glee and hail with joy the person of T. as he leisurely and serenely comes strolling along. There is in the whole of his appearance, in his intercourse, in his deal- ings with young and old alike, a kindly amiability tempered with a dignified reserve that immediately betrays the wisdom of life. Humbly realizing his importance, he never hurries, speaks but little and then slowly, as if he deliberately chose and weighed the value of his words; he is stoic and calm in illness and adversity as in victory and success. He not only professes to be humble, but actually con- siders his professional knowledge as a loan extended to him for the benefit of his people. Although he has passed through the various grades of the profession, it speaks for his personality that he now only retains such specialties as divination, praying for long life, love attraction, etc. But anyone appealing to his medical knowledge is never disappointed—at least not by T.'s willingness. The general consideration in which he is held has brought him the honor of preparing the Big Cove team for the ball game whenever they have been challenged by a rival team of another settlement. The meaning of this appointment has been explained (p. 91). It wUl be noticed that after all, the professional aspect of T.'s character is scarcely touched upon here, and this portrays conditions exactly as I found them. To a question, which of the two, W. or T., is the better medicine man, a Cherokee answers that T. is so u'Da'Nttfyu', such a nice fellow. The contrast between these two men, whose characters I have sketched as objectively as can be done by such a method as here used, is clearly brought out, and goes to prove that with the Cherokee superior knowledge in a medicine man may have to give the right of way to a more hinnan disposition. If all the remarkable and noteworthy persons here discussed had been born and educated in a white environment I like to think of T. 7548°—32 9

OLMECHTs] THE SWIMMER MANUSCRIPT 111<br />

Altogether, W. was by far the most impressive and most important<br />

personality in the settlement at the time of my stay. If only so much<br />

antipathy had not been rampant against him he would without any<br />

doubt have been considered, implicitly if not outspokenly, the leader<br />

of the community.<br />

This role, however, it has been given to T. (63 years old, bachelor,<br />

pi. 10, c) to fulfill. Vastly inferior to W., both in intelligence and<br />

knowledge, his disposition and temperament have secured for him a<br />

universal love and a public esteem, to which by the mere accomplishments<br />

of his mind he could never have attained.<br />

His social intercourse is replete with a distinction and a nobility<br />

that would create a sensation in an aristocratic drawing-room.<br />

Children that run and scramble away into hiding when W. comes<br />

briskly stepping along the trail, approach with glee and hail with joy<br />

the person of T. as he leisurely and serenely comes strolling along.<br />

There is in the whole of his appearance, in his intercourse, in his deal-<br />

ings with young and old alike, a kindly amiability tempered with a<br />

dignified reserve that immediately betrays the wisdom of life.<br />

Humbly realizing his importance, he never hurries, speaks but little<br />

and then slowly, as if he deliberately chose and weighed the value of<br />

his words; he is stoic and calm in illness and adversity as in victory<br />

and success. He not only professes to be humble, but actually con-<br />

siders his professional knowledge as a loan extended to him for the<br />

benefit of his people.<br />

Although he has passed through the various grades of the profession,<br />

it speaks for his personality that he now only retains such specialties<br />

as divination, praying for long life, love attraction, etc. But anyone<br />

appealing to his medical knowledge is never disappointed—at least<br />

not by T.'s willingness.<br />

The general consideration in which he is held has brought him the<br />

honor of preparing the Big Cove team for the ball game whenever they<br />

have been challenged by a rival team of another settlement. The<br />

meaning of this appointment has been explained (p. 91).<br />

It wUl be noticed that after all, the professional aspect of T.'s<br />

character is scarcely touched upon here, and this portrays conditions<br />

exactly as I found them. To a question, which of the two, W. or<br />

T., is the better medicine man, a Cherokee answers that T. is so<br />

u'Da'Nttfyu', such a nice fellow.<br />

The contrast between these two men, whose characters I have<br />

sketched as objectively as can be done by such a method as here used,<br />

is clearly brought out, and goes to prove that with the Cherokee<br />

superior knowledge in a medicine man may have to give the right of<br />

way to a more hinnan disposition.<br />

If all the remarkable and noteworthy persons here discussed had<br />

been born and educated in a white environment I like to think of T.<br />

7548°—32 9

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