Recreational Fisher's Handbook - Ministry of Fisheries

RECREATIONAL FISHER’S
HANDBOOK
October 2009 - October 2010
A Guide to New Zealand’s fishing rules
for all areas, including set netting, paua gathering,
handling rock lobster and more!
FREE

Sale or Raffle of fish in
Clubs/Hotels/Workplaces
Each year thousands of New Zealanders go fishing and take
large numbers of fish (finfish, crayfish and shellfish). These
quantities, from a very wide range of species, can seriously
affect local fisheries.
It is important for the sustainability
of New Zealand’s fishery
resources that all members
of the public play
their part in helping
to conserve the
resource so that
generations to
come will also be
able to enjoy a
days fishing.
Fishery Officers
are concerned
that some
clubs, hotels and
workplaces are
conducting sales
or raffles of fish which
have not come from a
legal source. Such
illegal sales or raffles
of fish pose a
serious threat to
conservation of the
resource.
HOW CAN YOU HELP
To help clubs, hotels and workplaces to
fully understand the rules so that they
can play their part in conserving
the resource, the main laws to
remember in relation to the
sale or raffle of
fish are:
*Don’t buy,
or even
have in your
possession,
any finfish,
crayfish or
shellfish (other than
whitebait) for the purposes
of any sale in any form
whatsoever (including raffles)
unless you can prove you have
obtained the fish from one of the
following sources:
1. A licensed fish receiver or other authorised person
2. A commercial fisherman in the vicinity of his or
her fishing vessel (maximum amounts apply to the
amount of fish which can be
purchased, e.g. 10kg of finfish)
* Don’t knowingly permit any premises to
be used for illegal sale of fish.
REMEMBER
The meaning of “sale” under the Fisheries Act is very wide. Sale “includes
every method of disposition for valuable consideration, including barter;
and includes the disposition to an agent for sale on consignment; and also
includes offering of attempting to sell, or receiving or having in possession for
sale, or exposing for sale,or sending or delivering for sale, or causing or permitting
to be sold, offered, or exposed for sale; and also includes
disposal by way of raffle, lottery, or otrher game of chance...”
*Severe penalties apply to offences under the Fisheries Act
(large fines as well as forfeiture of property)
Anyone organising a sale or raffle of fish wanting further detailed information on the
laws relating to the sale of fish, should contact any office of the Ministry of Fisheries.

Happy Fishing
Spending a day, a weekend or a summer holiday
fishing is part of our heritage and a way of life for
thousands of New Zealanders. We enjoy, by world
standards, a unique marine environment - one that
offers variety and challenge.
However, each year we take large numbers of
finfish, rock lobster and shellfish. To ensure this
resource remains available to our children in the
years to come, we must all play part in sustaining
that resource.
The Recreational Fisher’s Handbook has been
prepared to help you continue to be a responsible
fisher. It gives a detailed summary of the
information you need to fish responsibly and legally
wherever you might be in New Zealand from
1 October 2009 to 31 October 2010. However,
please be aware that rules and regulations are
subject to change without notice.
For further information, please contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office or visit
www.fish.govt.nz
Publication details
The Recreational Fisher’s Handbook is published by the
Ministry of Fisheries.
Design, Layout, Production and Printing
Kale Print & Design, Tauranga.
Please note
The information contained in The Recreational
Fisher’s Handbook is a summary of the Recreational
(amateur) Fishing laws of New Zealand as they relate
to recreational fishing. The information is intended as
a guide only.
The laws and regulations governing recreational fishing in
New Zealand waters are subject to alteration at any time.
Contact Ministry of Fisheries office for clarification
of any aspect of the information presented in The
Recreational Fisher’s Handbook, or for detailed
information about the laws and regulations governing
recreational fishing in New Zealand waters.
A complete copy of the law (including the Fisheries
Act 1983 and the Fisheries Act 1996 and associated
regulations) is available from Bookshops.
ISSN 1177-3502
© 2009 The Ministry of Fisheries, Wellington,
New Zealand. All rights reserved.

Contents
A guide to the law 7
Six Main Fishery Management Areas
- rules and information 8
Releasing undersized fish - guidelines 58
Here’s the Catch - offences and
infringement fees 62
Rock Lobster - measuring and handling
rock lobster 64
Finfish and Shellfish Species - picture
gallery and guide 70
Rock Lobster Tagging 74
Guidelines for gathering Paua 76
Set Nets - code of practice 80
Taiapure Reserves - local fisheries 85
Mataitai Reserves 86
Customary Fishing 88
Blue Cod Fishing - guidelines 90
Temporary Closures/Method Restrictions 92
Contacts Directory 93
Page 8
Page 16
Page 24
Page 32
Page 40
Page 48
Auckland Kermadec
Fishery Management Area
Central
Fishery Management Area
Challenger
Fishery Management Area
South East
Fishery Management Area
Southland
Fishery Management Area
Fiordland
Fishery Management Area

All Areas
The following sections are designed to
help you understand the restrictions on
recreational fishing in your area.
Why have rules?
Fish species are managed on an area basis and
may require different managed quotas to achieve
sustainability. There are some variations from area
to area relating to individual species. Each area
may also have areas where fishing is restricted or
prohibited. Significant increases in yield can be
achieved in our fisheries if people observe size and
bag limits, and carefully return undersized fish to
the sea.
What if I am fishing in more than
one area?
Where fishing occurs over a number of days and/
or travel crosses into areas that have sub-limits
or size differences, it is permissible to possess
more fish than the bag limit allows, or fish less
than the size for that particular area, provided you
can prove the fish in question were taken lawfully
in the appropriate area and, if necessary, on the
appropriate day or days.
What do I have to remember?
The restrictions on recreational fishers are relatively
simple. The three main things to remember are:
> Don’t take more than the daily limit
> Don’t take undersized fish
> Don’t sell or trade your catch
Only those physically involved in taking finfish,
rock lobster or shellfish are entitled to claim a catch
within the daily limit. You should also be aware of
the restrictions on the fishing gear and methods you
can use.
Southland
FMA
Sub-Antarctic FMA
South-East FMA
Fishery Management Area
Fishery Management Area
Fishery Management Area
Fishery Management Area
Fishery Management Area
Fishery Management Area
Auckland Kermadec
Central
Challenger
South East
Southland
Fiordland

Care of your fish
While the landing of a legal size fish destined for the table may
be the prime reason for going fishing it is how you care for your
catch that determines the culinary delight or disaster you will
experience when you return home.
By following a few simple guidelines you can ensure that you
take home the absolute freshest fish and other seafood for the
family. Not only will your dining pleasure be enhanced but you
will also avoid any possibility of build up of bacteria in the flesh
prior to cooking.
What you will need are a good quality plastic fish bin,preferably
with a removable lid,an Iki Spike,a sharp bait knife with a blade
of around 8 to 15cm long and sufficient chipped ice for the
duration of your fishing trip.
Ice is inexpensive and can be purchased from most service
stations and bait supply shops. It is a good idea to look for the
saltwater ice when you buy your bait for the day. Being made
from salty water this is more compatible with sea fish than the
freshwater type but either is better than no ice at all.
Once you are settled in your fishing possie and have
established that your target fish species are in the area, place
a good layer of ice in the bottom of the fish bin and replace the
lid to delay thawing of the ice.
As the first “keeper” fish comes on board then take your Iki
Spike and kill the fish quickly as shown in the photograph.
This method relaxes the flesh of the fish and ensures the best
eating quality.
It is also a good idea to gut this first catch and check the
stomach contents which will give you a good idea of what the
fish in the area are feeding on.
Place the fish on the ice in the bin ensuring that it is well
distributed over the body and in the gills. As the day progresses
keep topping up the ice in the fish bin as necessary.
If you forget the ice or don’t have a fish bin aboard then place
the fish on the cockpit floor out of harms way and cover with
hessian sack dipped in seawater. Keep the sack wet at all
times and move the fish around so they stay out of the sun.
6
The sacks you need are the old fashioned sugar bags that
absorb water into their fibres.
Although it is not always possible during a particularly “hot”
bite session try to gut your fish and remove the gills as soon as
possible and pack ice into the gut cavity.
Fish left to die in the sun on the deck with no ice, and the gut
and gills intact, are going to have even the family cat turning up
its nose when you arrive home!
While all fish can be iki spiked some,such as kahawai,are best
bled immediately on capture. Do this by turning the fish on its
back and exposing the gill area. Severe the head partially by
cutting through the area where the head and body join.
Alternatively you can break the neck by inserting your fingers
under the gill flaps while holding the body. A sharp snap will
break the neck and allow the blood, which could taint the meat,
to flow out of the body quickly.
Small pelagic tuna such as skipjack and albacore can be
similarly bled by making cuts under each pelvic fin to start the
blood flow.
Before you leave the coast fill a container with seawater and
use this for any clean up work that involves the fish during the
preparation. Being from the same environment as the fish it is
more compatible than freshwater.
Once you arrive home ensure that the fish are cleaned, scaled
if necessary, filleted or steaked, and skinned as soon as
possible. You will find that the immersion in the ice has firmed
up the flesh of most fish making the filleting job that much
easier.
Place prepared fish on plates or trays which have absorbent
paper towels on them, cover in clingwrap and place in the
fridge or chiller until they are to be cooked.
Bon Appetite!

Maori
Cook Islands Maori
Niuean
7
A guide to the law
These notes provide a guide to the regulations. For full details on recreational (amateur) fishing restrictions,
contact your nearest Ministry of Fisheries office. A complete copy of the law (including the Fisheries Act 1996
and associated regulations) is available from Bennetts Government Bookshops.
Tongan
Samoan
Chinese
Vietnamese

Auckland Kermadec Area (Includes Northland, Waikato and
the Bay of Plenty)
8
Play your part to conserve
the resource
Fishing is one of New Zealand’s most popular
recreational activities. Every year a large number
of finfish, rock lobster and shellfish are taken by
recreational fishers. This can seriously affect local
fisheries. This means it is important for all fishers to act
responsibly and help conserve the resource.
Know the limits
Commercial fishers must have a current fishing permit
and are subject to strict quotas or limits on how much
they can catch, along with many other controls. The
restrictions on recreational fishers are relatively simple.
The three main things to remember are:
> Don’t take more than the daily limit.
> Don’t take undersized fish
> Don’t sell or trade your catch
Only those people physically involved in taking finfish,
rock lobster, or shellfish are entitled to claim a catch
within the daily limit. You should also be aware of the
restrictions on the fishing gear and methods you can
use.
Alive and unharmed
Unlawfully taken fish (such as fish taken in excess
of your daily limit, undersized fish, or fish taken with
undersized mesh) must be immediately returned to
the water. Fish taken alive should be handled with
wet cotton or rubber gloves or at least wet hands and
returned to the water very gently, allowing the fish to
slide into the water from as close to the surface as
possible.
It is important to return fish, especially shellfish and
rock lobster, as near as possible to the place where
they were found. Dead fish that are taken unlawfully
must also be returned to the water. If you encounter
large numbers of undersized fish then change locations
or use a larger hook size. Landing nets can be used to
secure fish lawfully taken by any method.

A guide
These notes provide a guide to the regulations. For full
details on amateur fishing restrictions, contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office. A complete copy
of the law (including the Fisheries Act 1983 and the
Fisheries Act 1996 and associated regulations) are
available from Bennetts Government Bookshops.
Method and species
restrictions
Line fishing
> No person may use or be in possession of more than
one line (other than handlines or rod and reel lines).
>
>
>
All surface floats attached to any line must be
marked permanently and legibly with the fisher’s
initials and surname. A phone number is also useful.
No person may use or possess a line with more than
25 hooks.
Where more than one person is using a line from a
vessel (other than rod and reel lines), no more than
two lines (other than rod and reel lines) may be used,
set from or possessed on board that vessel.
General netting restrictions
> No person may set or possess more than one drag
net, set net, fyke net, or any other type of net at any
one time.
> Nets must be hauled by hand.
>
>
>
>
>
Any net or nets used either individually or jointly
must not extend across more than one-quarter of the
width of any river, stream, channel, bay or sound.
No person may set or use a baited net (except fyke
nets).
Nets must not be staked (except fyke nets).
No net may be used in a way that causes fish to be
stranded by the falling tide (stalling).
Each end of a set net must have a surface float
permanently and legibly marked with the fisher’s
initials and surname. A phone number is also useful.
Only one float is required for fyke nets.
9
Drag net restrictions
> Drag nets must not exceed 40 metres in length.
> Total warp length must not exceed 200 metres.
Drift net restrictions
Drift netting is
prohibited in any
part of the Waikato
River. A drift net
is a net that acts
by enmeshing,
entrapping, or
entangling any fish
or marine life, and
acts by drifting in
the water, or on the
surface of the water,
and is not attaached
to a vessel or any
point of land or the sea bed.
Set net restrictions
> Only one set net is allowed to be used from, or be
on board any vessel. (An additional net is allowed for
baitfishing if it is less than 10 metres long and has a
mesh size of 50 mm or less).
> Must not exceed 60 metres in length.
> Must not be set within 60 metres of another net.
> Stalling of set nets is prohibited.
Minimum mesh sizes
There are restrictions on net mesh sizes for taking
particular species as detailed in the “FINFISH - Bag
limits and size restrictions” section of this pamphlet. In
some cases the minimum mesh sizes for set nets are
different from the minimum sizes for other nets such as
drag nets.
Protection of spotted black groper
Spotted black groper: no person may take or possess
spotted black groper.
Auckland Kermadec
Fishery Management Area

Auckland Kermadec Area
Finfish
Bag limits and size restrictions
In the North Region there is a combined daily bag limit
of 20 of any combination of the following finfish:
Fish species Minimum
fish length
(cm)
Minimum
set net
mesh size
(mm)
Blue Cod 30 100 100
Blue Moki 40 114 115
Bluenose - 160 100
Butterfish 35 108 108
Elephant fish - 150 150
Flatfish
(except sand flounder) 25 114 100
John Dory - 100 100
Kahawai - 90 85
Parore - 114 100
Porae - 100 100
Red cod 25 100 100
Red gurnard 25 100 100
Red moki 40 115 115
Red snapper - 114 100
Rig - 125 150
Sand flounder 23 114 100
School shark - 125 100
Tarakihi 25 100 100
Trevally 25 125 100
Trumpeter 35 100 100
In addition to the combined limit, you can take a
maximum of:
Minimum
dragnet
mesh size
(mm)
Finfish Species Minimum Maximum Minimum Minimum
fish length daily limit set net dragnet
(cm) per person mesh mesh
size (mm) size (mm)
Eels - 6 12 12
Grey Mullet - 30 90 85
Snapper 27 10 125 100
Snapper SNA1(ref#) 27 9 125 100
10
In addition to the previously mentioned limits you may
also take the following:
A combined daily limit of 5 (with no more than 3
kingfish) of the following finfish:
Fish species Minimum
fish length
(cm)
Minimum
set net mesh
size (mm)
Minimum
dragnet mesh
size (mm)
Groper/Hapuku/Bass - 160 100
Kingfish 75 100 100
No daily bag limit applies to the following finfish:
Garfish (piper) - 25 25
Pilchard - 25 25
Yellow eyed mullet - 25 25
All others - 100 100
#SNA1 refers to the area
from North Cape to Cape
Runaway, out to a distance
of 200 nautical miles
offshore (see diagram).
Length measurement
Finfish length is
measured from the
tip of the nose to
the “V” in the tail (as
shown in diagram).
Shellfish
How to measure shellfish
Paua: measure the greatest length
of the shell in a straight line, (do
not measure over the curve of the
shell).
Scallop: measure the greatest
diameter of the shell.
ganui Bluff

Dredge Oysters: must not pass through a rigid circular
metal ring with an inside diameter of 58mm.
Underwater Breathing Apparatus (UBA)
(Does not include snorkels)
> No person may take paua using UBA.
>
No person may be in possession of paua while in
possession of UBA. This includes possession in or on
any vessel or vehicle.
Open seasons
Oysters: There is no season restricting the taking of
oysters. They can be taken all year round. However,
oysters may not be taken from a small number of
designated Mäori reserves in the Northland and Waikato
Region. Contact the Ministry of Fisheries for the exact
locations of these reserves.
Scallops: the open season is 1 September to 31 March
inclusive. Specific area closures may apply, please
contact your local MFish office for details.
Protection of Coral
Black Coral: no person may take or possess black
coral.
Paua Accumulation Limits
The maximum number or amount of paua that one
person can have in their possession at any one time is:
> 20 paua being two times the maximum daily bag
limit of paua; or
> shucked weight (shell removed) of 2.5kgs of paua
11
Shellfish Species Daily limit
per person
* Dredge oyster, paua and scallop must be landed in the shell
and cannot be shucked or shelled seaward of the mean
high water mark. This does not include dredge oysters and
scallopsshucked onboard for consumption while at sea
within daily bag limits.
† Rock and Pacific oysters must not be opened while they
adhere to the object on which they grow
+ Divers may take additional quota for up to a maximum of 2
safety people per vessel.
# Toheroa must not be taken, possessed, or disturbed unless
an open season is declared by the Chief Executive of the
Ministry of Fisheries.
• This is a combined, mixed-species bag limit. It applies to all
shellfish species not specifically named above and includes
paddle crabs.
Recreational shellfish daily bag limits in the Auckland
Coromandel area apply in the highlighted area depicted.
This area extends on the east coast from Cape Rodney
around the Coromandel Peninsula to Homunga Point
(northern end of
Waihi beach) and
on the west coast
from Okiritoto River
(Muriwai Beach)
to the sand-spit at
Port Waikato.
Auckland
Coromandel
area daily
limit per
person
Minimum
size (mm)
Cockle 150 50 none
Crab 50 50 none
Kina (sea eggs) 50 50 none
Green-lipped mussels 50 25 none
Oysters - Dredge*+ 50 50 58
- Rock & Pacific† 250 100 none
Paua - Ordinary* 10 10 125
- Yellow Foot* 10 10 80
Pipi 150 50 none
Scallops + 20 20 100
Toheroa# Prohibited Prohibited Prohibited
Tuatua 150 50 none
All others • (combined) 50 50 none
MURIWAI
AUCKLAND
CAPE RODNEY
PORT WAIKATO
CUVIER ISLAND
RED MERCURY
ISLAND
THE ALDERMEN
ISLANDS
HOMUNGA POINT
Auckland Kermadec
Fishery Management Area

Auckland Kermadec Area
Rock Lobster
Daily limit
No person may take or possess more than 6 rock
lobsters (both species combined) on any one day.
Possession
Rock lobster may not be possessed seaward of the high
water mark in an unmeasurable state.
Protected rock lobster
The following types of rock lobster must be returned
immediately to the water:
> Undersized rock lobsters.
>
>
>
Any rock lobster carrying external eggs (these are
carried between the pleopods on the underside of
the tail).
Any rock lobster in the soft shell stage.
Any rock lobster that cannot be measured (e.g.
because of damage to the tail preventing accurate
measurement).
General restrictions
It is an offence to:
> Remove external eggs or the egg-bearing
appendages from any rock lobster.
>
Use a spear or any device which could puncture the
shell when taking rock lobster,
or possess any rock lobster which has been speared.
Lassoes
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used to
take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring loaded
loop or lasso.
Pots
Limits:
> All pots and surface float must be clearly and
permanently marked with the fishers surname and
initials.
>
Individuals may use, set, or possess up to three pots
in any one day.
12
>
>
>
Two or more individuals fishing from a vessel may
use, set, or possess up to six pots in any one day.
Mimiwhangata Peninsular – one pot per person per
vessel.
Bobs and ring pots can be used to catch rock
lobster. They are exempted from escape gap
requirements but all other requirement (size, pot
limits) remain.
Use of Pots
All rock lobster pots must have an escape gap as
detailed in the “ESCAPE GAPS FOR ROCK LOBSTER
POTS” section.
Escape gaps restrictions
> No escape gap or aperture shall be incorporated in
either the top or the bottom of any pot.
>
>
>
>
Escape gaps or apertures are designed to allow
undersized rock lobster to escape.
Round or beehive shaped pots must have at least
3 escape gaps/or apertures (other than the mouth).
Each aperture must have an inside dimension of not
less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Square or rectangular shaped pots must have at
least 2 escape gaps/or apertures (other than the
mouth) in opposite faces of the pot. Each aperture
shall not be less than 80% of the height or length
of the face of the pot in which the apertures are
contained. Each aperture shall have an inside
dimension of not less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely of unaltered
spot welded mesh with inside dimensions of 54 mm
x 140 mm does not have to have escape gaps/or

apertures but the pots must be used without covers or
liners or with covers or liners that leave unencumbered
at least 80% of the surface area of each of 2 opposite
sides.
Minimum sizes
No person may take or possess
> Male red rock lobster with a tail width less than 54mm.
> Female red rock lobster with a tail width less than
60 mm.
>
Packhorse rock lobster (either sex) with a tail length
less than 216 mm.
How to measure a red rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line between
the tips of the two large (primary) spines on the second
segment of the tail, as shown in the diagram which
follows:
The sex is easily determined:
>
Male Pleopods
Pleopods Female
54 mm
Primary spines on second segment
Female rear leg detail showing pincer
Females have small pincers on the rear pair of legs.
> Pleopods are in paired form on each side of the
underside of female tails, and are in single form in
male tails.
If you are unsure of the sex, use the 60 mm measurement
and you will be safe.
How to measure a packhorse rock lobster
The tail length is measured along the underside in a
straight line from the rear of the calcified bar on the first
segment to the tip of the middle fan of the tail.
216 mm
60 mm
13
Auckland Kermadec
Fishery Management Area

Auckland Kermadec Area
Closed and restricted areas
In each of the regional Fishery Management Areas,
there are closed and restricted areas where no fishing
is allowed. These areas may be closed by the Ministry
of Fisheries as prohibited areas (e.g. area near
the Auckland International Airport and Tawharanui
Peninsula) or by the Department of Conservation
as marine reserves (e.g. Long Bay – Okura Marine
Reserve).
Within the North Region there are locations which
are closed to shellfish gathering. The following notes
identify some of the areas, but this should only be used
as a guide as closures may change from time to time. If
you are unsure of the location of closures or the species
subject to closure, you should contact your nearest
Ministry of Fisheries office. Umupuia Beach - closed
to taking of cockles for 2 years from 16 October 2008.
Cockle Bay - closed for taking of all shellfish
1 October to 30 April each year (both days inclusive).
Shellfish closures and restricted areas
The following areas within Auckland are closed
to all shellfish gathering: Eastern Beach, Karekare
Beach, and Cheltenham Beach.
A 186a Closure in the Kaipara harbour for Scallops
(ONLY) for the period 18th November 2008 to 18th
November 2009.
Set nets
The following areas are closed to set netting: Three
Kings Islands, Cape Reinga – Scott Point, Reef Point to
Whangape Harbour, Bay of Islands (Cape Wiwiki, Whale
Rock, The Twins - Cape Brett) northern side of the
Hen and Chickens, Mokohinau Islands, Simpson Rock,
Little Barrier, Great Barrier (Needles Point, eastern
side of Arid Island, Cape Barrier),Channel Island, Cape
Colville, most of the Mercury Islands, Pauanui, Tamaki
River, Panmure Basin, Muriwai Beach, Karekare Beach,
Pariokariwa Point to Maunganui Bluff, Manukau Heads
and Cape Runaway.
Set nets and set lines
These methods are prohibited in the following
places: all year round the Poor Knights Islands,
Mimiwhangata, and Mayor Island; from 1 October to
30 April in the eastern Bay of Islands (except for grey
mullet and flatfish nets); from 1 December to 31 March
for 6 nautical miles from Okatoa Rock (near Motu River
mouth). Contact the Ministry of Fisheries for the exact
locations.
Closed areas for set nets
Set netting is prohibited between Maunganui Bluff north
of Kaipara Harbour and Pariokariwa Point north of New
Plymouth - offshore to seven nautical miles.
Set netting is prohibited at the entrance of the Kaipara,
Manukau and Raglan harbours as well as at the
Waikato River entrance.
There are other set net prohibitions and restrictions in
the Auckland and Kermadec Fishery Management Area
and the Central Fishery Management Area that are to
protect Maui’s dolphins.
You must check for set net prohibitions and restrictions
in the area where you plan to fish - before you go
fishing.
Go to fish.govt.nz or call your nearest Ministry of
Fisheries office.
A set net includes a gill net or other sort of net that acts
by enmeshing, entrapping, or entangling fish; but does
not include a fyke net or hïnaki.
Maui’s dolphins are among the world’s rarest
dolphins. They are a sub-species of the Hector’s
dolphin species which is found only in New
Zealand waters. The Department of Conservation
classifies Maui’s dolphins as “nationally critical”.
Fishing is the greatest-known threat to Maui’s
dolphins. They can become entangled in set nets
and drift nets and drown.
From 1 October 2008 there will be a prohibition
on set nets and drift nets on the North Island west
coast between Maunganui Bluff and Pariokariwa
Point to protect Maui’s dolphins. This prohibition
adds to the one implemented in 2003.
Set Net Ban Area
New recreational set net prohibition
Set netting is prohibited between Maunganui Bluff north of Kaipara
Harbour and Pariokariwa Point north of New Plymouth – offshore to
seven nautical miles.
Set netting is prohibited at the entrance of the Kaipara, Manukau and
Raglan Harbours 14 as well as at the Waikato River entrance.
There are other set net prohibitions and restrictions in the Auckland and
Kermadec Fishery Management Area and the Central Fishery Management
Area that are not to protect Maui’s dolphins.
You must check for set net prohibitions and restrictions in the area
where you plan to fish – before you go fishing.
AUCKLAND/KERMADEC AND CENTRAL FishERY MANAGEMENT AREA
– set net prohibition maps
Set net prohibition between Maunganui Bluff and Pariokariwa Point
Set Net Ban Area
Important
Unless specified, the prohibition does not apply to rivers and harbours –
subject to any other fisheries restrictions, you can use set nets in these
areas inside a straight line joining the natural entrance points of the

AND CENTRAL FishERY MANAGEMENT AREA
ps
IMPORTANT
ENT AREA
Unless specified, the prohibition does not apply to
rivers and harbours - subject to any other fisheries
restrictions, you can use set nets in these areas inside
a straight line joining the natural entrance points of the
waterway. The regulations define these points in some
cases because they are not always clear.
unganui Bluff and Pariokariwa Point
Area
unganui Bluff and Pariokariwa Point
ibition does not apply to rivers and harbours –
ries restrictions, you can use set nets in these
e joining the natural entrance points of the
define these points in some cases because they
rs –
ese
se they
Set net prohibition in
the Kaipara Harbour
entrance
ibition does not apply to rivers and harbours –
ies Area restrictions, you can use set nets in these
joining the natural entrance points of the
define these points in some cases because they
Set net prohibition in the
Waikato River entrance
Set net prohibition in the Kaipara
Harbour entrance
Set net prohibition in
the Manukau Harbour
Set net prohibition in the Manukau
entrance
Harbour entrance
Set net prohibition in the Waikato
River entrance
Set net prohibition in the
Raglan Harbour entrance
Set net prohibition in the Raglan
Harbour entrance
15
Contact Fishery Officers
Set net prohibition in the Kaipara
Harbour entrance
Ministry of Fisheries,
Whangarei (09) 470 0580
Auckland (09) 820 1990
Mt Maunganui (07) 571 2820
Whitianga (07) 866 0549
Hamilton (07) 859 3126
Kaitaia (09) 408 6024
Opotiki (07) 315 5232
For information on fishing rules
www.fish.govt.nz
0800 4 POACHER
(0800 476 224 to report illegal poaching)
Set net prohibition in the Kaipara
Harbour entrance
Set net prohibition in the Manukau
Harbour entrance
Set net prohibition in the Manukau
Harbour entrance
Set net prohibition in the Waikato
River entrance
Set net prohibition in the Waikato
River entrance
Set net prohibition in the Raglan
Harbour entrance
Set net prohibition in the Raglan
Harbour entrance
Auckland Kermadec
Fishery Management Area

Central Area (Includes East Coast, Wellington, Wanganui and New Plymouth)
16
Finfish
Daily limits per person
In the Central Fishery Management Area there is a
combined daily bag limit of 20 finfish, consisting of
any combination of:
Blue cod
Blue moki
Bluenose
Butterfish
Elephant fish
There is no limit on species not named above.
Additionally, individual limits, over and above the
combined bag, apply to:
Snapper: a daily bag limit of 10.
Groper/Hapuku/bass and kingfish: a combined daily
bag limit of 5 with no more than 3 kingfish.
Freshwater eels: a daily bag limit of 6.
Length measurement
Finfish length is
measured from the tip
of the nose to the “V”
in the tail (as shown in
diagram).
Line fishing
> All surface floats attached to any line must be
marked permanently and legibly with the fisher’s
initials and surname.
>
>
>
Flatfish
Grey mullet
John Dory
Kahawai
Parore
Porae
Red cod
Red gurnard
Red moki
Red snapper
Rig
School shark
Tarakihi
Trevally
No person may use or be in possession of more than
one line (other than handlines or rod and reel lines).
No person may use or possess a line with more than
25 hooks.
Where more than one person is using a line from a
vessel (other than rod and reel lines), no more than
two lines (other than rod and reel lines) may be used,
set from or possessed on board that vessel.

Eels
No person shall take any eels from Lake Horowhenua or
the Hokio Stream unless that person does so in exercise
of fishing rights pursuant to Section 18 of The Reserves
and Other Lands Disposal Act 1956.
General netting restrictions
> No person may set or possess more than one drag
net, set net, fyke net, or any other type of net at any
one time.
> Nets must be hauled by hand.
>
>
Any net or nets used either individually or jointly
must not extend across more than one-quarter of the
width of any river, stream, channel, bay or sound.
No person may set or use a baited net (except fyke
nets).
Set net
> Only one set net is allowed to be used from, or be
on board any vessel. (An additional baitfish net is
allowed so long as it is less than 10 metres long and
has a mesh size of 50 mm or less).
> Must not exceed 60 metres in length.
> Must not be set within 60 metres of another net.
> Must not be secured by stakes (except fyke nets).
>
>
Each end of a set net must have a surface float
marked permanently and legibly with the fisher’s
initials and surname.
Must not be used in a way that causes fish to be
stranded by the falling tide.
Drag net
> Drag nets must not exceed 40 metres in length.
>
Total warp length must not exceed 200 metres.
Size and method restrictions
> The minimum mesh size for drag nets is 100 mm.
>
The minimum mesh size for eel fyke nets or traps is
12 mm.
17
Closed areas
> Set netting prohibited in Pauatahanui inlet (see map 1).
>
>
>
Fish species Minimum
fish length
(cm)
Minimum
set net mesh
size (mm)
Blue Cod 33 100
Blue Moki 40 114
Bluenose - 160
Butterfish 35 108
Elephant fish - 150
Flatfish (except Sand flounder) 25 100
Garfish (piper) - 25
Groper/Hapuku/Bass - 160
Herrings - 25
Kahawai - 100
Kingfish 75 100
Grey Mullet - 100
Parore - 100
Pilchard - 25
Porae - 100
Red cod 25 100
Red gurnard 25 100
Red moki 40 115
Red snapper - 100
Rig - 150
Sand flounder 23 100
School shark - 150
Snapper 27 100
Tarakihi 25 100
Trevally 25 100
Trumpeter 35 100
Yellow-eyed mullet - 25
All Others - 100
There are set netting restrictions around Cape
Runaway. Contact your local Fisheries office.
There are also some closed areas not specified in
this publication. Contact the
Ministry of Fisheries for the exact locations.
Pukerua Bay, handlines only to be used.
Central
Fishery Management Area

Central Area
Shellfish
Shellfish species Maximum
daily limit
per person
Minimum
size (mm)
Cockles 150 none
Crab 50 none
Kina (sea eggs) 50 none
Mussels 50 none
Oysters - Dredge* + 50 58
- Rock & Pacific† 250 none
Paua - Ordinary* 10 125
- Yellow foot* 10 80
- Taranaki Paua Area 10 85
Pipi 150 none
Scallops - Central* + 20 100
Toheroa # Prohibited Prohibited
Tuatua 150 none
All Others • (combined) 50 none
* Dredge oyster, paua and scallop must be landed in the shell
and cannot be shucked or shelled seaward of the mean
high water mark. This does not include derdge oysters and
scallops shucked onboard for consumption at sea within daily
bag limits.
† Rock oysters and Pacific oysters must not be opened while
they adhere to the object on which they grow.
# Toheroa must not be taken, possessed, or disturbed unless
an open season is declared by the Chief Executive of the
Ministry of Fisheries.
+ Divers may take an additional quotas for up to a maximum
of 2 safety people per vessel.
• This is a combined, mixed-species bag limit. It applies to all
shellfish species not specifically named above and includes
paddle crabs.
18
Amateur Taranaki Paua Fishery Area
>
>
SH03
Recreational fishers may take or possesss any Paua
that is 85mm or greater in length within the Amateur
Taranaki Paua Fishery Area.
Paua taken or possessed outside of the Amateur
Taranaki Paua Fishery Area must be 125mm or
greater in length.
Measuring shellfish
Paua: measure the greatest length of the shell in a
straight line. Do not measure over the curve of the shell.
Scallop: measure the greatest diameter of the shell.
Dredge Oysters: must not pass through a rigid circular
metal ring with an inside diameter of 58mm.
Paua Accumulation Limits
The maximum number or amount of paua that one
person can have in their possession at any one time is:
> 20 paua being two times the maximum daily bag
limit of paua; or
> shucked weight (shell removed) of 2.5kgs of paua

Underwater Breathing Apparatus (UBA)
(Does not include snorkels)
> No person may take paua using UBA.
>
No person may be in possession of paua while in
possession of UBA. This includes possession in or on
any vessel or vehicle.
Open season for scallops
> 15 July to 14 February inclusive.
Ma - taitai Reserves
Ma- taitai reserves are areas where tangata whenua
manage non-commercial fishing through bylaws.
Bylaws apply equally to all individuals. Reserves can
only be applied for over traditional fishing grounds
which are of special significance to tangata whenua.
Generally, there is no commercial fishing within these
reserves.
There are a number of Ma- taitai Reserves in the Central
Area. For further, detailed information on the location
of ma- taitai reserves and how they are administered,
please contact your nearest Ministry of Fisheries office,
or visit www.fish.govt.nz
Closed Area
Pauatahanui Inlet
No person shall use a set net
in the waters of Pauatahanui Inlet.
Mana I.
Pauatahanui Inlet
No person shall use a set net
in the waters of Pauatahanui Inlet.
Mana I.
Porirua Harbour
Titahi Bay
Porirua
Sugar Loaf Islands Marine Park
Porirua Harbour
Titahi Bay
Porirua
Karehana Bay
Porirua East
Karehana Bay
Porirua East
Pauatahanui Inlet
Paremata
Pauatahanui Inlet
Paremata
19
Tapuae Marine Reserve / Sugar Loaf Island
Marine Protected Area
Parininihi Marine Reserve
Wairoa Hard
No person shall use any net for
taking finfish in the waters of Hawke
Bay known as the Wairoa Hard. Mohaka River
Moeangiangi
Closed RiverArea
- Nets
Hawke Bay
Waihua River
Wairoa Hard
No person shall use any net for
taking finfish in the waters of Hawke
Waihua River
Bay The known taking as or the removal Wairoa Hard.
of any marine species from
the Marine Reserve is
strictly prohibited
Mohaka Waiomoko River
35
Gable End Foreland
Day Markers
Marine Reserve
Marker Beacon
Te Ana o Paikea/Whangara Island
Boat Ramp
Gisborne
Pouawa River
Hawke Bay
Road Access
Te Tapuwae o Rongokako
Marine Reserve
Moeangiangi
River
Tatapouri Point
Harbour 35
Tuaheni Point 5
Scale
0 5 2 0 2
Kilometres Nautical Miles
The taking or the removal
Waiomoko River
of any marine species from
the Marine Reserve is
strictly prohibited
35
Gable The End taking Foreland or the
0’ 00”
900m
Central
Fishery Management Area

V
V
Central Area
Closed Area - North Island West Coast -
Nets
Wairoa Hard
No person shall use any net for
taking finfish in the waters of Hawke
Bay known as the Wairoa Hard. Mohaka River
Wairoa Hard
No person shall use any net for
taking finfish in the waters of Hawke
Bay known as the Wairoa Hard. Mohaka River
Moeangiangi
River
290˚ 28’ 00”
708.5m
Kaiwharawhara West Point Point
Otehape Stream
22˚ 50’ 00”
Hawke Bay
Hawke Bay
Waihua River
Closed Moeangiangi Area - Marine Reserve
River
The taking or the removal
Waiomoko River
of any marine species from
the Marine Reserve is
strictly prohibited
35
The taking or the removal
Waiomoko River
of any Day marine Markers species from
the Marine Reserve is
strictly
Marine
prohibited
Reserve
Marker Beacon
Pouawa River
Boat Day Markers Ramp
Gable End Foreland
35
Te Ana o Paikea/Whangara Island
Gable End Foreland
Marine Reserve
Marker Gisborne Beacon
Road Access
Te Ana o Paikea/Whangara Island
Boat Ramp
Pouawa River
Te Tapuwae o Rongokako
Road Access
Marine Reserve
Gisborne
Tatapouri Point
Te Tapuwae o Rongokako
Harbour 35
Marine Reserve
Tatapouri Point
Scale
Tuaheni Point 5 0 52 0 2
Harbour 35
Kilometres
Scale
Nautical Miles
Tuaheni Point 5 0 52 0 2
Kilometres Nautical Miles
Closed Area - Marine Reserve
The taking or the
removal of any
marine species
N
Kapiti
Marine
Reserve
Arapawaiti
Point
Korukohatu
Point
from this Marine
Reserve The taking is strictly or the
(Western)
Whakahoua prohibited removal of any
marine species
N
Kaiwharawhara Point
Kapiti
Marine
Reserve
Trig
(Western) Point
Arapawaiti
Point
Korukohatu
Point
Whakahoua
from this Marine
Reserve is strictly
prohibited
Otehape Stream
Kapiti Marine Reserve (Eastern) Waikanae Beach
290˚ 28’ 00”
708.5m
22˚ 50’ 00”
Trig
Point
Waikanae Estuary
Waterfall Bay
Passage Rocks 90˚ 11’ 30”
Kapiti Marine Reserve (Eastern) Waikanae
Scientific
Beach
Tokomapuna (Aeroplane) Island
Waikanae EstuaryReserve
Motungarara
Waterfall
(Fisherman’s
Bay
Island)
Tahoramaurea Passage (Brown’s Rocks Island) 90˚ 11’ 30”
Paraparaumu Beach
Scientific
Tokomapuna (Aeroplane) Island
Kilometres
Reserve
Motungarara (Fisherman’s Island)
1 Tahoramaurea 2Nautical
(Brown’s
Miles
Island)
Paraparaumu Beach
Kilometres
West Point
White Day Marker
Buoy 0
0
1 2 3 4
White Day Marker
Buoy 0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2Nautical Miles
Waihua River
306˚ 04’ 30”
306˚ 04’ 30”
59˚ 48’ 00”
59˚ 48’ 00”
Wellington SH1
Wellington SH1
20
No taking of any marine life Lyall Bay
Marine reserve
boundary markers
174º 44.67’ E
41º 20.83’ S
2.1km
174º 44.67’ E
41º 22.00’ S
Owhiro
Bay
TAPUTERANGA
MARINE
RESERVE
Island
Bay
Rock Lobster
Taputeranga
Island
Houghton
Bay
174º 47.37’ E
41º 20.75’ S
2.3km
Arthurs Nose
Te Raekaihau
174º 47.37’ E
41º 22.00’ S
Moa
Point
Daily limit
No person may take or possess more than 6 rock
lobsters (both species combined) taken on any one day.
Possession
Rock lobster may not be possessed seaward of the high
water mark in an unmeasurable state.
Protected rock lobster
The following types of rock lobster are protected by law
and must be returned immediately to the water:
> Undersized rock lobsters.
>
>
>
Any female rock lobster carrying external eggs (these
are carried between the pleopods on the underside
of the tail).
Any rock lobster in the soft shell stage.
Any rock lobster that cannot be measured (e.g.
because of damage to the tail preventing accurate
measurement).
General restrictions
It is an offence to:
>
>
Remove external eggs or the egg-bearing
appendages from any rock lobster.
Use a spear or device which could puncture the
shell when taking rock lobster, or possess any rock
lobster which has been speared.

Lassoes
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used to
take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring loaded
loop or lasso.
Pots
Limits:
> All pots and surface float must be clearly and
permanently marked with the fishers surname and
initials.
>
>
>
Individuals may use, set, or possess up to three pots
in any one day.
Two or more individuals fishing from a vessel may
use, set, or possess up to six pots in any one day.
Bobs and ring pots can be used to catch rock
lobster. They are exempted from escape gap
requirements but all other requirement (size, pot
limits) remain.
Use of Pots
All rock lobster pots must have an escape gap as
detailed in the “ESCAPE GAPS FOR ROCK LOBSTER
POTS” section.
Escape gap restrictions
> Round or Beehive pots must have at least 3 escape
gaps/or apertures (other than the mouth). Each
aperture must have an inside dimension of not less
than 54 mm x 200 mm.
> Square or rectangular pots must have at least 2
escape gaps/or apertures (other than the mouth) in
opposite faces of the pot. Each aperture shall not be
less than 80% of the height or length of the face of
the pot in which the apertures are contained. Each
aperture shall have an inside dimension of not less
than 54 mm x 200 mm.
No escape gap or aperture shall be incorporated in
either the top or the bottom of any pot.
21
>
>
Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely of
unaltered spot welded mesh with inside dimensions
of 54 mm x 140 mm does not require escape
gaps or apertures. Pots must be used without
covers or liners or have covers or liners that leave
unencumbered at least 80% of the surface area of
each of 2 opposite sides.
Escape gaps or apertures are designed to allow
undersized rock lobster to escape.
Minimum sizes
No person may take or possess
> Male red rock lobster with a tail width less than 54mm.
> Female red rock lobster with a tail width less than
60mm.
> Packhorse rock lobster (either sex) with a tail
length shorter than 216 mm.
How to measure a red rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line between
the tips of the two large (primary) spines on the second
segment of the tail, as shown in the diagram which
follows:
Male Pleopods
Pleopods Female
The sex is easily determined:
>
54 mm
Primary spines on second segment
Female rear leg detail showing pincer
Females have small pincers on the rear pair of legs.
> Pleopods are in paired form on each side of the
underside of female tails, and are in single form in
male tails.
If you are unsure of the sex, use the 60 mm
measurement and you will be safe.
How to measure packhorse rock lobster
The tail length is measured along the underside in a
straight line from the
rear of the calcified bar
on the first segment to
the tip of the middle fan
of the tail.
60 mm
216 mm
Central
Fishery Management Area

Central Area
Play your part to conserve
the resource
Fishing is one of New Zealand’s most popular
recreational activities. Most of us regard fishing and
collecting seafood as an important part of our way
of life, but every year a large number recreational
fishers taking more finfish, rock lobster and shellfish.
The combined effect of this can seriously affect local
fisheries. Stocks are easily depleted.
This means it is important for all fishers to act
responsibly and help to conserve the resource.
Know the limits
Commercial fishers must have a current fishing permit
and are subject to strict quotas or limits on how much
they can catch, along with many other controls. The
restrictions on recreational fishers are relatively simple.
The three main things to remember are:
> Don’t take more than the daily limit
> Don’t take undersized fish
> Don’t sell or trade your catch
Only those physically involved in taking finfish, rock
lobster, or shellfish are entitled to claim the daily limit.
For example, only a diver who enters the water and
gathers shellfish from its’ natural habitat on the seabed
is entitled to his or her daily catch entitlement. There
are however some qualified exceptions to this rule.
Specifically, when diving from a vessel for scallops and
dredge oysters for up to two safety people. The safety
people must be on board the vessel, and acting in that
capacity, when the diving is undertaken. If only one
safety person is on board the vessel, only one extra bag
limit may be taken. A maximum of two extra bag limits
may be taken per vessel, regardless of the number of
people diving.
Alive and unharmed
Unlawfully taken fish - such as fish taken in excess
of your daily limit, undersized fish, or fish taken with
undersized mesh - must be immediately returned to the
22
sea. Fish taken alive should be returned very gently,
allowing the fish to slide into the water from as close
to the surface as possible. It is also important to return
fish, especially shellfish and rock lobster, as near as
possible to the place where they were found. Dead fish
that are taken unlawfully must also be returned to the
sea.
A guide
This section is a guide to laws controlling the taking
and possession of finfish, shellfish and rock lobster,
and there are heavy penalties for breaching these
laws but it is not a complete summary. There are a
number of other restrictions relating to fishing in local
areas. All these laws are subject to change at any time,
without prior notice and the restrictions change from
time to time, so you should be aware of any changes,
particularly in bag and size limits.
The complete regulations (the Fisheries Act 1996 and
associated regulations) are available from Bennetts
Government Bookshops.

23
Contact Fishery Officers
Ministry of Fisheries,
Napier (06) 835 1065
Gisborne (06) 869 0870
New Plymouth (06) 755 9311
Masterton (06) 370 3590
Wellington (04) 576 8040
0800 4 POACHER
(0800 476 224 to report illegal poaching)
Central
Fishery Management Area

Challenger Area
24
Important Information
Blue Cod Closure
Landing Blue Cod Whole Or Gutted In Marlborough
Sounds Area
Set Net Closed Areas
Play your part to conserve
the resource
Fishing is one of New Zealand’s most popular
recreational activities. Every year a large number
of finfish, rock lobster and shellfish are taken by
recreational fishers. This means it is important for
all fishers to act responsibly and help conserve the
resource.
Know the limits
Commercial fishers must have a current fishing permit
and are subject to strict quotas or limits on how much
they can catch, along with many other controls. The
restrictions on recreational fishers are relatively simple.
The three main things to remember are:
> Don’t take more than the daily limit.
> Don’t take undersized fish
> Don’t sell or trade your catch
Only those physically involved in taking finfish, rock
lobster, or shellfish are entitled to claim a catch
within the daily limit. You should also be aware of the
restrictions on the fishing gear and methods you can
use. (Refer Finfish Method Restrictions section)
In some areas recreational fishers can only use rod and
reel or hand lines. Hand lines are considered to be a
dropper type rig on a hand spool or stick as available
from most sports goods stores.
Alive and unharmed
Unlawfully taken fish (such as fish taken in excess
of your daily limit, undersized fish, or fish taken with
undersized mesh) must be immediately returned to the
water, whether the fish were caught intentionally or
as by-catch. Fish taken alive should be handled with

wet cotton or rubber gloves or at least wet hands and
returned very gently, allowing the fish to slide into the
water from as close to the surface as possible. It is
important to return fish, especially shellfish and rock
lobster, as near as possible to the place where they
were found. Dead fish that are taken unlawfully must
also be returned to the water. If you encounter large
numbers of undersized fish then change locations, use
a larger hook size or mesh size.
Finfish
Daily limits per person
In the Challenger Fishery Management Area there is
a combined daily bag limit of 20 finfish, consisting
of any combination of the species listed below, as long
as the individual species limits are not exceeded:
Blue cod* Blue moki Bluenose
Butterfish Elephant fish Flatfish
Grey mullet John Dory Kahawai
Red cod Red gurnard Red moki
Rig School shark Tarakihi
Trevally
In addition to the combined limit, you may also take the
following finfish on a daily basis:
>
>
Snapper - a total bag limit of 10 (Golden Bay,
Tasman Bay, West D’Urville Island, Port Underwood)
- Within this bag limit there is sub-limit of 3 for the
Marlborough Sounds
Blue Cod - a bag limit of 3 ( Golden Bay, Tasman
Bay, D’Urville Island, Port Underwood),
> Groper/Hapuku/Bass and Kingfish - a combined bag
limit of 5, (with no more than 3 kingfish)
> Eel - a bag limit of 6
There is no limit on species not named above.
Accumulated Bag limits
Where fishing occurs over a number of days and/or
travel crosses into areas that have sub limits or size
differences, it is permissible to possess more fish
than the bag limit allows for the area or fish less than
the size for that particular area where you are found,
25
provided you can prove the fish in question were taken
lawfully, in the appropriate area and if necessary on the
appropriate day or days.
*BLUE COD CLOSED AREA
It is an offence to take Blue Cod from within the
enclosed waters of the Marlborough Sounds including
the inner and Outer Queen Charlotte and Pelorus
Sounds, as well as Tory channel. (See attached map
and coordinates)
You may still fish for other species within this area but
any blue cod caught must be returned immediately to
the water.
All blue cod landed within the Marlborough Sounds
Area must be landed in a whole or gutted state,
except for blue cod to be used for immediate personal
consumption on board the vessel during the trip in
which that blue cod was taken.
Note: Blue Cod caught outside the area may be
transported back in a whole or gutted state through the
‘no-take’ area, however the onus is upon the fisher to
provide evidence of the location of where the blue cod
have been caught. Useful information to assist Fishery
Officers includes GPS tracks or chart plotters and digital
photographs of blue cod caught with coastal landmarks
in view.
Blue Cod Closure
Challenger
Fishery Management Area

Challenger Area
Bag Limits For Blue Cod/
Snapper
East Challenger FMA – Blue cod (Outside of
no-take area)
Within the bag limit prescribed above, there is a
daily sub-limit of 3 blue cod per fisher within the
East Challenger FMA, being the waters enclosed by
a line due north of Farewell Spit to the boundary of
the Challenger Fishery Management Area then in a
generally easterly, southerly and westerly direction
to Clarence River and back along the high water
mark to the point of commencement. (Note there is a
closed area for Blue Cod in Queen Charlotte, Pelorus,
Kenepuru, and Tory Channel)
Marlborough Sounds – Snapper
Within the bag limits prescribed a daily sub-limit of 3
snapper per fisher within the Marlborough Sounds.
This area being the waters enclosed by a line from the
northern tip of Stephens Island to Cape Jackson then
to Cape Koamaru, then from West Head to East Head
of Tory Channel across French Pass and Stephens
Passage to the point of commencement.
Finfish Method Restrictions
Line fishing/ (Long Lines)/ Dahn Lines
In all areas where line fishing is permitted:
26
>
>
>
>
No person may use or be in possession of more than
one line (other than handlines, or rod and reel lines).
All surface floats attached to any line must be
marked clearly, legibly and permanently with the
fishers initials and surname. A phone number is also
useful.
No person may use or possess a line with more than
25 hooks.
Where more than one person is using a line from a
vessel (other than rod and reel lines), no more than
two lines (other than rod and reel lines), may be
used, set from or possessed on board that vessel.
> Line fishing includes the use of Long lines and Dahn
(drop) lines but does not include rod and reel, or
hand lines.
Possession and use of Lines are prohibited in Pelorus
Sound inside a line from Tawero Point to Opani-Aputa
Point and in Kenepuru Sound (see map 1).
General netting restrictions
The following general restrictions apply in all areas:
>
>
>
>
>
No person may set or possess more than one drag
net, set net, fyke net, or any other type of net at any
time.
Nets must be hauled by hand only.
Any net or nets used either individually or jointly
must not extend across more than one-quarter of the
width of any river, stream, channel, bay or sound at
any time of the tide.
No person may set or use a baited net (except fyke
nets).
Nets must not be staked (except fyke nets).
Set Net Closed Area
Set Netting is totally prohibited from Cape Jackson to
the Clarence River. This area extends out to 4 nautical
miles seaward and includes the entire Queen Charlotte
Sound, Tory Channel, Port Underwood, Cloudy Bay,
Clifford Bay, and Cape Campbell areas. West Coast Set
netting is also totally prohibited from Farewell Spit to
Awarua Point. This area extends out to 2 nautical miles*

Long Line Closed Area
Kakaho Pt
Croisilles Harbour
Cape Soucis
Sheep Pt
Camel Pt
Cregoe Pt
Pelorus Sound
Exemption:
• Queen Charlotte Sound inside a line from West Head
Point (Ruakaka Bay) to Deiffenbach Point between
1 April and 30 September for Flatfish Set Nets
only.
• Westhaven Inlet
Refer Mfish Website (fish.govt.nz) or Challenger
Sheep Pt
Kakaho Pt Regualtions for Camel coordinates Pt of river mouths.
Cregoe Pt
Croisilles Harbour
Tawero Pt
Cape Soucis Flatfish Set Net means Opani-Aputa a net that Pt is less than 9
meshes deep, is anchored at each end, does not
exceed a total length of 60 metres, has a mesh size
Westhead
greater or equal to 100mm and a monofilament
Deiffenbach Pt
Queen Charlotte Sound
diameter less than
HAVELOCK PICTON
2
0.35mm.
Other Set Net Area
Restrictions
Set netting in the shaded
areas on map 2 may only
be undertaken using set
nets with a net mesh size
greater than or equal to
100mm which do not
exceed
nine meshes in height
and must be set in direct
contact with the seabed.
These restrictions apply
to setting and possession
of nets in:
Pelorus Sound: inside a
line from Tawero Point to
Opani-Aputa Point.
Tawero Pt
Opani-Aputa Pt
Kenepuru Sound
HAVELOCK PICTON
Westhead
Deiffenbach Pt
Queen Charlotte Sound
1
27
Tennyson Inlet and Hallam Cove: inside a line from
HAVELOCK PICTON
Sheep Point to Camel Point to Cregoe Point.
Croiselles Harbour: inside a line from Cape Soucis,
outside the Islands to Kakaho Point.
Within Kenepuru Sound, set netting is totally
prohibited from 1 October to 31 March inclusive
Drag net restrictions
> Drag nets must not exceed 40 metres in length.
>
Total warp length must not exceed 200 metres.
Set Net Requirements
> Only one set net is allowed to be used from, or be
on board any vessel. (An additional net is allowed for
bait fishing if it is less than 10 metres long and has a
mesh size of 50 mm or less).
>
>
>
>
Pelorus Sound
Set Net Restricted Areas
Kakaho Pt
Croisilles Harbour
Cape Soucis
Sheep Pt
Camel Pt
Cregoe Pt
Kenepuru Sound
Westhead
Deiffenbach Pt
Queen Charlotte Sound
Tawero Pt
Opani-Aputa Pt
HAVELOCK PICTON
Westhead
Deiffenbach Pt
Queen Charlotte Sound
Set nets must not exceed 60 metres in length.
A set net must not be set within 60 metres of
another net.
Each end of a set net must have a surface float that
is clearly, legibly and permanently marked with the
fisher’s initials and surname. A phone number is also
useful. Only one float is required for fyke nets.
No net may be used in a way that causes fish to be
stranded by the falling tide.
Fish and Mesh Sizes
The following minimum sizes and net mesh size
for particular species in the Challenger Fishery
Management Areas, unless specified.
Significant increases in yield can be achieved in our
fisheries if people observe size and bag limits, and
carefully return undersized fish to the sea.
2
1
Challenger
Fishery Management Area

Challenger Area
Fish species Daily
Bag
Limits
Minimum
length of
fish (cm)
* Refer to Area restrictions and Combined bag limits.
Minimum
mesh for
Set Nets
(mm)
Blue cod - Challenger East
(Outside closed area)
Blue cod – West Coast
3* 30 100
below Farewell Spit 20 33 100
Blue moki - 40 114
Bluenose - - 160
School shark - - 150
Butterfish/Greenbone - 35 100
John Dory - - 100
Kahawai - - 100
Parore - - 100
Flatfish (except Sand flounder) - 25 100
Red cod - 25 100
Red gurnard - 25 100
Red moki - 40 114
Sand flounder - 25 100
Snapper 10* 25 100
Tarakihi - 25 100
Trevally - 25 100
Trumpeter - 35 100
Groper/Hapuku/Bass 5* - 160
Eels 6 - 12
Garfish (piper), Pilchard,
Herrings (Yellow eyed mullet) - - 25
Grey mullet - - 100
Elephant fish, Rig - - 150
Kingfish 3* 75 100
Any other fish not
otherwise stated - - 100
Length measurement
Finfish length is measured from the tip of the nose to the
“V” in the tail (as shown in diagram).
Only those persons physically involved in taking finfish,
rock lobster or
shellfish are entitled
to claim a catch
within the daily limit.
28
SHELLFISH
Measuring shellfish
Paua: measure the
greatest length of the
shell in a straight line.
Do not measure over
the curve of the shell.
Scallop: measure the greatest diameter of the shell.
(see diagram).
Dredge Oysters: must not pass through a rigid circular
metal ring with an inside diameter of 58 mm.
Underwater breathing apparatus (UBA)
(does not include snorkels)
> No person may take paua using UBA.
> No person may be in possession of paua while in
possession of UBA.
This includes possession in or on any vessel or
vehicle.
Open seasons
Oysters: In the Challenger FMA the oyster fishery is
open year round. (Rock oysters and Pacific oysters must
not be opened while they adhere to the object on which
they grow).
Scallops: 15 July to 14 February inclusive.
Protection of coral
Black coral: No person may take or possess black
coral.

The following restrictions on taking and possessing
shellfish apply to all areas, unless specified:
Shellfish Species Daily limit
per person
* Dredge oyster, paua and scallop must be landed in the
shell and cannot be shucked or shelled seaward of the
mean high water mark. This does not include dredge
oysters and scallops shucked onboard for consumption
while at sea within daily bag limits.
• This is a combined, mixed-species bag limit. It applies
to all shellfish species not specifically named above, and
includes all crabs, limpets, starfish, periwinkles, whelks,
barnacles and freshwater crayfish (koura).
+ Limited provision allows a diver on a vessel to gather extra
bag limits of oysters and scallops for up to 2 other people
acting in a dive safety capacity from that vessel.
Paua Accumulation Limits
The maximum number or amount of paua that one
person can have in their possession at any one time is:
> 20 paua being two times the maximum daily bag
limit of paua; or
> shucked weight (shell removed) of 2.5kgs of paua
Rock Lobster
*Minimum
size (mm)
Cockles 150 none
Kina (sea eggs) 50 none
Mussels 50 none
Oysters - Dredge* + 50 58
- Rock & Pacific 250 none
Paua - Ordinary* 10 125
- Yellow foot* 10 80
Pipi 150 none
Scallops* + 50 90
Toheroa Prohibited Prohibited
Tuatua 150 none
All Others (combined)• 50 none
Daily limit
No person may take or possess more than 6 rock
lobster (both species combined) on any one day.
Possession
Rock lobster may not be possessed seaward of the high
water mark in an unmeasurable state.
29
Protected rock lobster
The following types of rock lobster are protected by law
and must be returned immediately to the water:
> Undersized rock lobster.
>
>
Any female rock lobster carrying external eggs (these
are carried between the pleopods on the underside
of the tail).
Any rock lobster in the soft shell stage.
> Any rock lobster that cannot be measured (e.g.
because of damage to the tail preventing accurate
measurement).
It is an offence to remove external eggs or the eggbearing
appendages from any rock lobster.
General restrictions
It is an offence to:
> Remove external eggs or the egg-bearing
appendages from any rock lobster.
>
Use any spear or device which could puncture the
shell when taking rock lobster, or possess any rock
lobster which has been speared.
Lassoes
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used to
take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring loaded
loop or lasso.
Pots
Limits:
> All pots and surface float must be clearly and
permanently marked with the fishers surname and
initials.
>
>
>
Individuals may use, set, or possess up to three pots
in any one day.
Two or more individuals fishing from a vessel may
use, set, or possess up to six pots in any one day.
Bobs and ring pots can be used to catch rock
lobster. They are exempted from escape gap
requirements but all other requirement (size, pot
limits) remain.
Challenger
Fishery Management Area

Challenger Area
Use of Pots
All rock lobster pots must have an escape gap as
detailed in the “ESCAPE GAPS FOR ROCK LOBSTER
POTS” section.
Escape gaps restrictions
> Escape gaps or apertures are designed to allow
undersized rock lobster to escape.
> Each aperture must have an inside dimension of not
less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
>
>
>
Round or beehive pots must have at least 3 escape
gaps or apertures (other than the mouth).
Square or rectangular pots must have at least 2
escape gaps or apertures (other than the mouth) in
opposite faces of the pot. Each aperture shall not be
less than 80% of the height or length of the face of
the pot in which the apertures are contained.
Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely of unaltered
spot welded mesh with inside dimensions of 54
mm x 140 mm does not require escape gaps
or apertures but the pots must be used without
covers or liners or with covers or liners that leave
unencumbered at least 80% of the surface area of
each of 2 opposite sides.
Minimum sizes
No person may take or possess
> Male red rock lobster with a tail width less than
54mm.
> Female red rock lobster with a tail width less than
60mm.
> Packhorse rock lobster (either sex) with a tail length
shorter than 216 mm.
30
How to measure red rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line between
the tips of the two large (primary) spines on the second
segment of the tail (see diagram). The sex is easily
determined:
>
Male Pleopods
Pleopods Female
54 mm
Primary spines on second segment
Females have small pincers on the rear pair of legs.
> Pleopods are in paired form on each side of the
underside of female tails, and are in single form in
male tails.
If you are unsure of the sex, use the 60 mm
measurement and you will be safe.
How to measure Packhorse rock lobster
The tail length is measured
along the underside in a
straight line from the rear of
the calcified bar on the first
segment to the tip of the
216 mm
middle fan or the tail.
CLOSED AREAS
In each Fishery
Management Area,
there are closed areas
where no fishing is
allowed. These areas
may be closed by the
Ministry of Fisheries as
prohibited areas or by
Female rear leg detail showing pincer
the Department of Conservation as marine reserves.
You should contact the Department of Conservation for
details of marine reserves.
In each Fishery Management Area there are also
areas where particular fishing methods are restricted.
60 mm
Double Cove
No taking finfish

The notes in this guide identify the areas within the
Challenger Fishery Management Area, but these are
only a guide. If you are not sure about the location of
closed fishing areas, contact your nearest Ministry of
Fisheries or Department of Conservation Office.
Fishing is prohibited in the Long Island Marine Reserve,
Tonga Island Marine Reserve, Horoirangi Marine
Reseve, Whanganui Inlet Marine Reserve, and in Double
Cove, Queen Charlotte Sound.
Marine Reserve Maps
Horoirangi
Glenduan (”The Glen”)
Cable Bay
Abel Tasman National Park
Tonga Island
31
Westhaven Inlet
Queen Charlotte Sound
Farewell Spit
Long Island
463 metres from shoreline
Contact Fishery Officers
Ministry of Fisheries,
Nelson
118 Vickerman St
(03) 548 1069 (office hours)
Blenheim
State Highway 1,
Main Road, Blenheim
(03) 579 1088
To report illegal fishing Call Free 0800 4 POACHER (0800
476 224)
To Obtain further information refer
www.fish.govt.nz
Challenger
Fishery Management Area

South East Area
South-East FMA
32
Play your part to conserve
the resource
Fishing is one of New Zealand’s most popular
recreational activities. Every year a large number
of finfish, rock lobster and shellfish are taken by
recreational fishers. This can seriously affect local
fisheries. This means it is important for all fishers to act
responsibly and help conserve the resource.
Know the limits
Commercial fishers must have a current fishing permit
and are subject to strict quotas or limits on how much
they can catch, along with many other controls. The
restrictions on recreational fishers are relatively simple.
The three main things to remember are:
> Don’t take more than the daily limit
> Don’t take undersized fish
> Don’t sell or trade your catch
Only those physically involved in taking finfish,
rock lobster, or shellfish are entitled to claim a
catch within the daily limit. You should also be aware
of the restrictions on the fishing gear and methods you
can use.
Alive and unharmed
Unlawfully taken fish (such as fish taken in excess
of your daily limit, undersized fish, or fish taken with
undersized mesh) must be immediately returned to
the water. Fish taken alive should be handled with
wet cotton or rubber gloves or at least wet hands and
returned to the water very gently, allowing the fish
to slide into the water from as close to the surface
as possible. It is important to return fish, especially
shellfish and rock lobster, as near as possible to the
place where they were found. Dead fish that are taken
unlawfully must also be returned to the water. If you
encounter large numbers of undersized fish then
change locations or use a larger hook size.

A guide
These notes provide a guide to the regulations which
may be subject to change without notice. For full
details on amateur fishing restrictions, contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office or check the website
www.fish.govt.nz. A complete copy of the legislation
(including the Fisheries Act 1996 and associated
regulations) are available from Bennett’s Government
Bookshops.
Finfish
Bag limits and size restrictions
In the South East Fishery Management Area there is a
combined daily bag limit of 30 finfish per person,
consisting of any combination of the species listed
on the following panel, as long as the individual
species limits are not exceeded.
Additionally, there are individual limits, over and
above the combined bag, for groper/hapuku/bass and
kingfish. These species have a combined daily limit
of 5 (with no more than 3 kingfish). There is no limit
on species not named above.
33
Species daily limits
Finfish Species Maximum Minimum
daily limit
per person
fish
length
(cm)
Blue cod - South East FMA 30 30
Blue cod - *Kaikoura - North Canterbury 10 30
Blue moki 15 40
Bluenose 30 -
Butterfish/Greenbone 15 35
Elephant fish 5 -
Flatfish (except Sand flounder) 30 25
Eel 6 -
Skate / Ray 5 -
Kahawai 15 -
Kingfish 3 75
Grey Mullet 30 -
Lamphrey 30 -
Ling 30 -
Marble Fish 30 -
Red Gurnard 30 25
Red cod 10 25
Red moki 15 40
Rig 5 -
Salmon (Otago Harbour) 2 45
Sand flounder 30 23
School shark 5 -
Snapper 10 25
Stargazer 30 -
Tarakihi 15 25
Trevally 30 25
Trumpeter 15 35
Spiney dogfish 15 -
Warehou 15 -
Wrasse 30 -
Seven gilled shark 1 -
Mako shark 1 -
Blue shark 1 -
Bronze shark 1 -
Hammerhead shark 1 -
Porbeagle shark 1 -
Thresher shark 1 -
* Kaikoura -North Canterbury (those waters between Clarence
Point and the Waimakariri River).
- Maximum daily limit of 10 blue cod per person fishing.
South East
Fishery Management Area

South East Area
Length measurement
Finfish length is measured from the tip of the nose to
the end of the middle ray of the tail fin (as shown in
diagram).
Protection of spotted black groper and
white pointer shark
No person may take or possess spotted black groper or
white pointer shark.
Method and species
restrictions
Line fishing restrictions
> No person may use or be in possession of more than
one line (other than handlines or rod and reel lines).
>
>
>
All surface floats attached to any line must be
marked clearly, legibly and permanently with the
fisher’s initials and surname. A phone number is
also useful.
No person may use or possess a line with more than
25 hooks.
Where more than one person is using a line from a
vessel (other than rod and reel lines), no more than
two lines (other than rod and reel lines) may be used,
set from or possessed on board that vessel.
Quinnat salmon fishing restrictions
> No person fishing for Quinnat salmon shall be in
possession or have control over more than one
assembled rod and running line.
>
>
No person shall use a rod and running line to take
Quinnat salmon unless that person is within 15
metres of the rod and has the rod under visual
observation.
A person fishing for Quinnat salmon may use
another rod and running line to jig for sprat or other
34
baitfish, so long as any salmon taken on that rod and
running line is returned to the water immediately.
General netting restrictions
> No person may set or possess more than one drag
net, set net, fyke net, or any
other type of net at any one time.
> Nets must be hauled by hand.
>
>
>
>
>
Any net or nets used either individually or jointly
must not extend across more than one-quarter of the
width of any river, stream, channel, bay or sound.
No person may set or use a baited net (except fyke
nets).
Nets must not be staked (except fyke nets).
No net may be used in a way that causes fish to be
stranded by the falling tide.
Each end of a set net must have a surface float that
is marked clearly, legibly and permanently with the
fisher’s initials and surname. A phone number is also
useful. Only one float is required for fyke nets.
Drag net restrictions
> Drag nets must not exceed 40 metres in length.
> Total warp length must not exceed 200 metres.
> The minimum mesh size for drag nets is 100 mm.
Set net restrictions
> Only one set net is allowed to be used from, or be
on board any vessel. (An additional net is allowed for
baitfishing if it is less than 10 metres long and has a
mesh size of 50 mm or less).
> Set nets must not exceed 60 metres in length.
>
A set net must not be set within 60 metres of
another net.
Minimum mesh sizes
There are restrictions on net mesh sizes for taking
particular species as detailed in the ‘Finfish - Bag
limits and size restrictions’ section. In some cases the
minimum mesh sizes for set nets are different from the
minimum sizes for other nets such as drag nets.

The minimum mesh size for eel fyke nets or traps is
12 mm.
Shellfish
Underwater breathing apparatus (UBA)
(Does not include snorkels)
>
>
No person may take paua using UBA.
No person may be in possession of paua while in
possession of UBA. This includes possession in or on
any vessel or vehicle.
Open seasons
Scallops: Within the South-East Fishery Management
Area the open season is 15 July to 14 February
inclusive.
How to measure shellfish
Paua: Measure
the greatest length
of the shell in a
straight line. Do not
measure over the
curve of the shell.
Scallops: Measure the greatest diameter of the shell.
Dredge Oysters: Must not pass through a rigid circular
metal ring with an inside
diameter of 58 mm.
Shellfish to be landed in a measurable state: All
shellfish to which a minimum size restriction applies
(including paua, scallops and dredge oysters) must be
landed in the
shell and cannot be shucked or shelled seaward of the
mean high-water mark.
(Within prescribed limits, provision exists permitting the
opening of dredge oysters and scallops for consumption
onboard a vessel). Any scallops and dredge oysters not
eaten must be landed in the shell.
35
Shellfish Species
^ Dredge oysters taken in the South-East FMA have no restriction
on either size or season. The exception is the waters of the
Chatham Islands where oysters must be 58mm.
+ Limited provision allows divers on a vessel to gather extra bag
limits of oysters and scallops for up to 2 other people acting in a
dive safety capacity.Note: This only applies to taking scallops
and oysters.
# Toheroa must not be taken, possessed, or disturbed unless
authorised by a Customary Authority or an open season is
declared by the Chief Executive of the Ministry of Fisheries.
• This is a combined, mixed-species bag limit. It applies to all
shellfish species not specifically named above and includes
all crabs, limpets, starfish, periwinkles, whelks, barnacles and
freshwater crayfish (koura).
Note: No Rock or Pacific oysters are known to exist in Southland
FMA.
Protection of Coral
> No person may take or possess black coral.
> No person may take or possess red coral.
Paua Accumulation Limits
The maximum number or amount of paua that one
person can have in their possession at any one time is:
> 20 paua being two times the maximum daily bag
limit of paua; or
> shucked weight (shell removed) of 2.5kgs of paua
Rock Lobster
Maximum
daily limit
per person
Minimum
size (mm)
Cockle 150 none
Kina (sea egg) 50 none
Mussel 50 none
Oyster - Dredge^+ 50 none
Paua - Ordinary 10 125
- Yellow foot 10 80
Pipi 150 none
Scallop - South-East FMA+ 20 100
Toheroa # Prohibited Prohibited
Tuatua 150 none
All Others (combined)• 50 none
Daily limit
No person may take or possess more than 6 rock
lobsters (both species combined) on any one day.
South East
Fishery Management Area

South East Area
Possession
Rock lobster may not be possessed seaward of the high
water mark in an unmeasurable state.
Protected rock lobster
The following types of rock lobster are protected by law
and must be returned immediately to the water:
> Undersized rock lobster.
>
>
>
Any female rock lobster carrying external eggs (these
are carried between the pleopods on the underside
of the tail).
Any rock lobster in the soft shell stage (following
moulting where the exoskeleton has not reached full
hardness).
Any rock lobster that cannot be measured (e.g.
because of damage to the tail preventing accurate
measurement).
General restrictions
It is an offence to:
> Remove external eggs or the egg-bearing
appendages from any rock lobster.
>
Use a spear or any device which could puncture the
shell when taking rock lobster,
or possess any rock lobster which has been speared.
Lassoes
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used to
take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring loaded
loop or lasso.
Pots
Limits:
> All pots and surface float must be clearly and
permanently marked with the fishers surname and
initials.
>
>
Individuals may use, set, or possess up to three pots
in any one day.
Two or more individuals fishing from a vessel may
use, set, or possess up to six pots in any one day.
36
>
Bobs and ring pots can be used to catch rock
lobster. They are exempted from escape gap
requirements but all other requirement (size, pot
limits) remain.
Use of Pots
All rock lobster pots must have an escape gap as
detailed in the “ESCAPE GAPS FOR ROCK LOBSTER
POTS” section.
Escape gaps restrictions
> No escape gap or aperture shall be incorporated in
either the top or the bottom of any pot.
> Escape gaps or apertures are designed to allow
undersized rock lobster to escape.
>
>
>
Round or beehive shaped pots must have at least
3 escape gaps or apertures (other than the mouth).
Each aperture must have an inside dimension of not
less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Square or rectangular shaped pots must have at
least 2 escape gaps or apertures (other than the
mouth) in opposite faces of the pot. Each aperture
shall not be less than 80% of the height or length
of the face of the pot in which the apertures are
contained. Each aperture must have an inside
dimension of not less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely of unaltered
spot welded mesh with inside dimensions of 54
mm x 140 mm does not have to have escape gaps
or apertures but the pots must be used without
covers or liners or with covers or liners that leave
unencumbered at least 80% of the surface area of
each of 2 opposite sides.

Minimum sizes
No person may take or possess
>
>
>
Male red rock lobster with a tail width less than
54mm.
Female red rock lobster with a tail width less than
60 mm.
Packhorse rock lobster (either sex) with a tail length
less than 216 mm.
How to measure a spiny rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line between
the tips of the two large (primary) spines on the second
segment of the tail, (as shown in diagram):
The sex is easily determined:
>
Male Pleopods
Pleopods Female
54 mm
Primary spines on second segment
Female rear leg detail showing pincer
Females have small pincers on the rear pair of legs.
> Pleopods are in paired form on each side of the
underside of female tails, and are in single form in
male tails.
If you are unsure of the sex, use the 60 mm
measurement and you will be safe.
How to measure a packhorse rock lobster
The tail length is measured
along the underside in a
straight line from the rear of
the calcified bar on the first
segment to the tip of the
216 mm
middle fan of the tail.
Closed and restricted areas
Flea Bay (Pohatu) marine reserve This is a total no
take area.
Temporary S186B Closure This rähui is a temporary
Closure for all fishing and gathering of aquatic life in the
area marked by information signs and floating buoys.
Please contact Ministry of Fisheries for more detailed
information on this closure. Ph (03)579 1080.
60 mm
37
Rapaki Mataitai Reserve Rapaki mätaitai reserve
is situated in Rapaki Bay and is defined by floating
marker buoys. There are fishing and sea food gathering
restrictions in the marked areas, please contact the
Rapaki Marae or the Ministry of Fisheries for more
details Ph(03)339 3662
Port Levy Mataitai Reserve Cockles can only be taken
from within the reserve on any Saturday or Sunday
during the month of September. Only 12 cockles can
be taken by each person gathering and you must be
in possession of a gathering PERMIT from the local
Kaitiaki (Meri Crofts), 156 PA road, Port Levy. Ph
(03)329 4257.
Akaroa Taiapure From 1 October there will be reduced
bag limits for many fish species and areas prohibited
for shellfish gathering in Akaroa Harbour. A separate
brochure is available that describes these regulations or
you can find details on the Ministry of Fisheries website
www.fish.govt.nz.
To
Akaroa
Flea Bay Rd
New Wharf
42°24.79’ S
173°42.19’ E
Flea Bay
Ounu-hau Point
Northern
43°52’ 47.07” S
173°02’ 16.02” E
Pöhatu Marine Reserve
Dyke Head
Island Nook
Kaikoura Rahui Area
Nine Pins
42°24.54’ S
173°42.32’ E
Old Wharf
42°25.02’ S
173°42.50’ E
Southern
43°53’ 20.01” S
173°00’ 57.00” E
42°25.01’ S
173°42.57’ E
Redcliffe
Point
St Kilda Rocks
42°24.80’ S
173°42.80’ E
South East
Fishery Management Area

South East Area
Set Netting
Set netting fishing is prohibited on the
South Island east coast of New Zealand
A person must not use a set net for fishing in the water
lying within 4 Nautical Miles from mean high water
mark to the sea along The East Coast of the South
Island.
Local Exemptions from this prohibition.
Set netting for flounder permitted between 1st April and
30th September in designated flounder areas around
The Banks Peninsula. These areas include the upper
reaches of: Akaroa Harbour, Port Levy, Pigeon Bay,
and Lyttelton Harbour. Set netting is still permitted in
estuaries, rivers, lagoons, and inlets except for the Avon
Heathcote Estuary. Please contact Ministry of Fisheries
or the Ministry of Fisheries website www.fish.govt.nz.
Flatfish set net means a net that:
> is equal to or less than 9 meshes deep
> has a monofilament diameter equal to or less than
.35mm
> has a mesh size equal to or greater than 100mm;
> is anchored at each end
> does not exceed a total length of 60m”
38
Netting in North Canterbury
Restrictions apply for set netting in the Kaiapoi and
Waimakariri rivers from 1st February to the 30th
April. Please contact Ministry of Fisheries for detailed
information of these restrictions (03) 339 3662.
Use of Nets in Lake Ellesmere
Use any net for the taking of finfish in the waters of
Lake Ellesmere lying within an arc of a circle having a
radius of 1.2km around the centre of the mouth of:
> The Irwell River
> Harts creek
> The Selwyn River
> No2 Drain
> The Halswell River
The points where that circular are, meets the shore of
the lake being indicated in each case by posts painted
with alternate black and yellow bands.
Catlins Lake No person shall use a set net in the
Catlins Lake and tributaries running into the Catlins
Lake that lie up stream of the main road bridge
commencing at a point (at 46º 28.50’S and 169º
45.60’E); then in a southerly direction to 46º 28.50’S
and 169º 45.60’E.
Drag netting is prohibited in Catlins River. No person
shall use a drag net in the waters of the Catlins Lake as
described above.
East Otago Taiapure Set netting is permitted only
in the estuarine waters of the East Otago Taiapure.
Persons setting a net within this area must, at all
times, remain in the immediate vicinity of the set net.
For more details please contact Ministry of Fisheries
(03)474 0333.
Otago Harbour Restrictions to set netting apply to parts
of the Otago Harbour please contact the Ministry of
Fisheries (03) 474 0333.

East Otago Taiapure Area
BRINNS POINT
WARRINGTON SPIT
POTATO POINT
CORNISH HEAD
KARITANE
39
Designated flat fish areas. Flat fish set netting
permitted from 1 April to 30 September.
Contact Fishery Officers
Ministry of Fisheries
Christchurch Dunedin
69 Nazareth Ave 1st Floor, 45 Filleul Street
(03) 339 3662 (03) 474 0333
Invercargill Waitangi
137 Spey Street Chatham Islands
(03) 211 0060 (03) 305 0004
Blenheim
State Highway 1, Main Rd, Blenheim
(03) 579 1088
For information on fishing rules
www.fish.govt.nz
0800 4 POACHER (0800 476 224 to report illegal
poaching)
South East
Fishery Management Area

Southland
FMA
Southland Area
Sub-Antarctic FMA
40
Play your part to conserve
the resource
Fishing is one of New Zealand’s most popular
recreational activities. Every year a large number
of finfish, rock lobster and shellfish are taken by
recreational fishers. This can seriously affect local
fisheries. This means it is important for all fishers to act
responsibly and help conserve the resource.
Know the limits
Commercial fishers taking fish for sale must have a
current fishing permit and are subject to the Quota
Management System with limits on how much they can
catch, along with many other controls. The restrictions
on recreational fishers are relatively simple. The three
main things to remember are:
> Don’t take more than the daily limit
> Don’t take undersized fish
> Don’t sell or trade your catch
Only those physically taking finfish, rock lobster,
or shellfish are entitled to claim a catch within the
daily limit. You should also be aware of the restrictions
on the fishing gear and methods you can use.
Alive and unharmed
Unlawfully taken fish (such as fish taken in excess
of your daily limit, undersized fish, or fish taken with
undersized mesh) must be immediately returned to
the water. Fish taken alive should be handled with
wet cotton or rubber gloves or at least wet hands and
returned to the water very gently, allowing the fish
to slide into the water from as close to the surface
as possible. It is important to return fish, especially
shellfish and rock lobster, as near as possible to the
place where they were found. Dead fish that are taken
unlawfully must also be returned to the water. If you
encounter large numbers of undersized fish then
change locations or use a larger hook size.

A guide
These notes provide a guide to the regulations which
may be subject to change without notice. For full
details on amateur fishing restrictions, contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office or check the
website www.fish.govt.nz. A complete copy of the
legislation can be obtained from Bennett’s Government
Bookshops.
Southland Fishery Management Area
The Southland and Sub Antarctic Fishery Management
Area includes all those waters lying south and west
from Awarua Point, South Westland to Slope Point,
on the Catlins south east coast and includes Foveaux
Strait, Stewart Island and all adjacent islands and
waters out to the edge of the 200 mile Exclusive
Economic Zone (EEZ). Within the Southland Fishery
Management Area, separate rules may apply to some
specific areas including the FIordland Marine Area.
(Refer Closed and Restricted Areas section of this
brochure for further details)
Finfish
Bag limits and size restrictions
In the Southland Fishery Management Area there is a
combined daily bag limit of 30 finfish per person,
consisting of any combination of the species listed
on the following panel, as long as the individual
species limits are not exceeded.
Species daily limits
Additionally, there are individual limits, over and
above the combined bag, for groper/hapuku/bass and
kingfish. These species have a combined daily limit of
5 (with no more than 3 kingfish). There is no limit on
species not named above.
41
Finfish
Species
Maximum
daily limit
per fisher
Barracouta 30
Blue cod 30
Blue moki 15
Bluenose 30
Blue shark 1
Bronze shark 1
Butterfish/Greenbone 15
Eel 6
Elephant fish 5
Flatfish 30
Grey mullet 30
Hammerhead shark 1
Kahawai 15
Lamprey 30
Ling 30
Mako shark 1
Marblefish 30
Marlin 1
Length measurement
Finfish length is
measured from the tip
of the nose to the end
of the middle ray of
the tail fin (as shown in
diagram).
Finfish
Species
Maximum
daily limit
per fisher
Porbeagle shark 1
Quinnat salmon 2
Red cod 10
Red gurnard 30
Red moki 15
Rig 5
School shark 5
Seven gilled shark 1
Skate ray 5
Snapper 30
Spiky dogfish 15
Stargazer 30
Tarakihi 15
Thresher shark 1
Trevally 30
Trumpeter 15
Warehou 15
Wrasse 30
Protection of White pointer shark
No person may take or possess any White pointer
shark.
Minimum mesh sizes
There are restrictions on net mesh sizes for taking
particular species. In some cases the minimum mesh
sizes for set nets are different from the minimum sizes
for other nets such as drag nets.
> The minimum mesh size for eel fyke nets or traps is
12 mm.
Southland
Fishery Management Area

Southland Area
Finfish Species Minimum
fish length
(cm)
Minimum
set net mesh
size (mm)
Blue cod 33 100
Blue moki 40 114
Bluenose - 160
Butterfish/Greenbone 35 108
Elephant fish - 150
Flatfish (except Sand flounder) 25 100
Garfish (piper) - 25
Groper/Hapuku/Bass - 160
Herring (Yellow eyed mullet) - 25
Kahawai - 90
Kingfish 75 100
Grey Mullet - 90
Pilchard - 25
Red cod 25 100
Red Gurnard 25 100
Red moki 40 115
Rig - 150
Sand flounder 23 100
School shark - 150
Snapper 25 125
Tarakihi 25 100
Trevally 25 100
Trumpeter 35 100
All Others - 100
Method and species
restrictions
Line fishing restrictions
> No person may use or be in possession of more than
one line (other than handlines or rod and reel lines).
>
>
All surface floats attached to any line must be
marked clearly, legibly and permanently with the
fisher’s initials and surname. A phone number is
also useful.
No person may use or possess a line with more than
25 hooks.
42
>
Where more than one person is using a line from a
vessel (other than handlines or rod and reel lines), no
more than two lines (other than handlines or rod and
reel lines) may be used, set from or possessed on
board that vessel.
Quinnat salmon fishing restrictions
> No person fishing for Quinnat salmon shall be in
possession or have control over more than one
assembled rod and running line.
>
>
No person shall use a rod and running line to take
Quinnat salmon unless that person is within 15
metres of the rod and has the rod under visual
observation.
A person fishing for Quinnat salmon may use
another rod and running line to jig for sprat or other
baitfish, so long as any salmon taken on that rod and
running line is returned to the water immediately.
General netting restrictions
Note: In the Southland Fisheries Management Area
there are set netting prohibitions in place to protect
Hectors Dolphins. (Refer Closed and Restricted
Areas section).
In those areas where netting is permitted:-
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
No person may set or possess more than one drag
net, set net, fyke net, or any
other type of net at any one time.
Nets must be hauled by hand.
Any net or nets used either individually or jointly
must not extend across more than one-quarter of the
width of any river, stream, channel, bay or sound.
No person may set or use a baited net (except fyke
nets).
Nets must not be staked (except fyke nets).
No net may be used in a way that causes fish to be
stranded by the falling tide.
Each end of a set net must have a surface float that
is marked legibly and permanently with the fisher’s
initials and surname. A phone number is also useful.
Only one float is required for fyke nets.

Drag net restrictions
> Drag nets must not exceed 40 metres in length.
>
>
Total warp length must not exceed 200 metres.
The minimum mesh size for drag nets is 100 mm.
Set net restrictions
Note: In the Southland Fisheries Management Area
there are set netting prohibitions in place to protect
Hectors Dolphins. (Refer Closed and Restricted
Areas section).
In those areas where set netting is permitted:-
>
>
>
>
Only one set net is allowed to be used from, or be on
board any vessel.
(An additional net is allowed for baitfishing if it is less
than 10 metres long and has a mesh size of 50 mm
or less).
Set nets must not exceed 60 metres in length.
A set net must not be set within 60 metres of
another net.
It is unlawful to take any freshwater sports fish using
a set net (including trout and salmon species).
Protection of Coral
> No person may take or possess any black coral or
red coral.
Shellfish
Underwater breathing apparatus (UBA)
(Does not include snorkels)
> No person may take paua using UBA.
>
No person may be in possession of paua while in
possession of UBA. This includes possession in or on
any vessel or vehicle.
43
Open seasons
Dredge Oysters: Within the Southland Fishery
Management Area the open season is
1 March to 31 August inclusive.
Scallops: Within the Southland Fishery Management
Area the open season is 1 October to 15 March
inclusive.
How to measure shellfish
Paua: Measure the
greatest length of the
shell in a straight line,
parallel to the ventral
surface. Do not measure over the curve of the shell.
Scallops: Measure the greatest diameter of the shell.
Dredge Oysters: Must not pass through a rigid circular
metal ring with an inside
diameter of 58 mm.
Shellfish to be landed in a measurable state: All
shellfish to which a minimum size restriction applies
(including paua, scallops and dredge oysters) must be
landed in the
shell and cannot be shucked or shelled seaward of the
mean high-water mark.
> Within prescribed limits, provision exists permitting
the opening of dredge oysters and scallops for
consumption onboard a vessel. Any scallops and
dredge oysters not eaten must be landed in the
shell.
Oyster dredge size restriction
> Within certain areas of the Foveaux Strait dredge
oyster fishery, use or possession of a dredge with a
bar or bit exceeding 1 metre in length is prohibited.
(Contact the Ministry of Fisheries for further
details)
Southland
Fishery Management Area

Southland Area
Shellfish Species Maximum
daily limit
per fisher
Minimum
size (mm)
Cockle 150 none
Crab 50 none
Kina (sea egg) 50 none
Mussel 25* none
Oyster - Dredge 50^ 58
Paua - Ordinary 10 125
- Yellow foot 10 80
Pipi 150 none
Scallop 10^ 100
Toheroa # Prohibited Prohibited
Tuatua 150 none
All Others (combined) • 50 none
* Excluding Stewart Island where the mussel limit is 50.
^ Divers on a vessel may take an additional quota of
oysters or scallops for up to two persons acting in a dive
safety capacity. Note: This only applies to taking oysters
and scallops.
# Toheroa must not be taken, possessed, or disturbed
unless authorised by a Customary Authority or an open
season is declared by the Chief Executive of the
Ministry of Fisheries.
• This is a combined, mixed-species bag limit. It applies to
all shellfish species not specifically named above.
Note: No Rock or Pacific oysters are known to exist in
Southland FMA. All oysters taken within the Southland
FMA are subject to season, daily limit and minimum
size restrictions.
Paua Accumulation Limits
The maximum number or amount of paua that one
person can have in their possession at any one time is:
> 20 paua being two times the maximum daily bag
limit of paua; or
> shucked weight (shell removed) of 2.5kgs of paua
44
Rock Lobster
Daily limit
No person may take or possess more than 6 rock
lobsters (both species combined) on any one day.
Minimum sizes
No person may take or possess
> Male spiny rock lobster with a tail width less than
54 mm.
> Female spiny rock lobster with a tail width less than
60 mm.
> Packhorse rock lobster (either sex) with a tail length
less than 216 mm.
How to measure a spiny rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line between
the tips of the two large (primary) spines on the second
segment of the tail, (as shown in diagram):
The sex is easily determined:
>
Male Pleopods
Pleopods
Female
54 mm
Primary spines on second segment
Female rear leg detail showing pincer
Females have small pincers on the rear pair of legs.
> Pleopods are in paired form on each side of the
underside of female tails, and are in single form in
male tails.
If you are unsure of the sex, use the 60 mm
measurement and you will be safe.
How to measure a packhorse rock lobster
The tail length is measured
along the underside in a
straight line from the rear of
the calcified bar on the first
segment to the tip of the
216 mm
middle fan of the tail.
60 mm

Possession
Rock lobster may not be possessed seaward of the high
water mark in an unmeasurable state.
Protected rock lobster
The following types of rock lobster are protected by law
and must be returned immediately to the water:
> Undersized rock lobster.
>
>
>
Any female rock lobster carrying external eggs (these
are carried between the pleopods on the underside
of the tail).
Any rock lobster in the soft shell stage (following
moulting where the exoskeleton has not reached full
hardness).
Any rock lobster that cannot be measured (e.g.
because of damage to the tail preventing accurate
measurement).
General restrictions
It is unlawful to:
> Remove external eggs or the egg-bearing
appendages from any rock lobster.
> Use a spear or any device which could puncture the
shell when taking rock lobster,
or possess any rock lobster which has been speared.
> Use or set a baited net for taking rock lobsters, or
possess any rock lobster with a baited net.
It is lawful to use a ring pot, hoop net or bob to take
rock lobster.
Lassoes
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used to
take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring loaded
loop or lasso.
Rock lobster pots
Rock lobster pot means any pot, whether baited or not,
that is capable of catching or holding rock lobsters; and
includes any other device capable of catching, holding
or storing rock.
> All pots and surface float must be clearly and
permanently marked with the fishers surname and
initials.
45
Rock lobster pot limits
> Individuals may use, set, or possess up to three pots
in any one day.
>
Two or more individuals fishing from a vessel may
use, set, or possess up to six pots in any one day.
Escape gaps restrictions
It is unlawful to use or possess on a vessel any rock
lobster pot without escape gaps.
> No escape gap or aperture shall be incorporated in
either the top or the bottom of any pot.
> Escape gaps or apertures are designed to allow
undersized rock lobster to escape.
>
>
>
Round or beehive shaped pots must have at least
3 escape gaps or apertures (other than the mouth).
Each aperture must have an inside dimension of not
less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Square or rectangular shaped pots must have at
least 2 escape gaps or apertures (other than the
mouth) in opposite faces of the pot. Each aperture
shall not be less than 80% of the height or length
of the face of the pot in which the apertures are
contained. Each aperture must have an inside
dimension of not less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely of unaltered
spot welded mesh with inside dimensions of 54
mm x 140 mm does not have to have escape gaps
or apertures but the pots must be used without
covers or liners or with covers or liners that leave
unencumbered at least 80% of the surface area of
each of 2 opposite sides.
Southland
Fishery Management Area

Southland Area
Closed and restricted areas
The use of set nets is prohibited in the Southland
Fishery Management Area from Slope Point to Sandhill
Point, east of Fiordland – offshore to four nautical
miles. Set netting is also prohibited in the whole of Te
Waewae Bay between Old Man Rock, west of Garden
Bay and Sandhill Point. (Refer map).
[Note: The prohibition also extends beyond Slope
Point into the South East Fishery Management Area.
Recreational set netting is also prohibited within the
Fiordland Marine Area, west of Sandhill Point.]
Unless specified, the set netting prohibitions do not
apply to harbours, estuaries, rivers, inlets and lagoons.
(Contact the Ministry of Fisheries for further
details).
Te Whaka a Te Wera / Paterson Inlet
Mataitai Reserve:
Additional bylaws apply within the Te Whaka a Te
Wera / Paterson Inlet Mataitai Reserve including area
closures, prohibitions and reduced bag limits.
(Contact the Ministry of Fisheries for details and
a copy of the Te Whaka a Te Wera / Paterson Inlet
Mataitai Reserve brochure).
Fiordland Marine Area:
Specific rules apply for the Fiordland (Te Moana o
Atawhenua) Marine Area including area closures and
reduced bag limits. (Contact the Ministry of Fisheries
for details and a copy of the Fiordland Marine Area
brochure).
46
The Department of Conservation should be
contacted for details regarding:
>
Marine Reserves (where fishing is prohibited) and
Marine Mammal Sanctuaries that exist within the
Stewart Island and Fiordland areas.

Contact Fishery Officers
Ministry of Fisheries
Invercargill
137 Spey Street
(03) 211 0060
Dunedin
1st Floor, 45 Filleul Street
(03) 474 0333
For information on fishing rules
www.fish.govt.nz
0800 4 POACHER (0800 476 224) to report illegal fishing
47
Southland
Fishery Management Area

Fiordland Area
48
Fiordland’s fisheries need
your help!
Every year growing numbers of fishers are visiting
Fiordland to experience and enjoy the unique fishing
and diving opportunities available. Increased access
has led to harvest pressure on popular finfish, rock
lobster and shellfish species. Unchecked, fishing
pressure within the most accessible fiords has caused
local depletion. This is because fishery habitat within
the inner fiords is unproductive and some species
suffer from poor recruitment, creating a situation where
fishing harvest must be carefully managed.
The impact of escalating access and harvest levels on
Fiordland’s fish stocks motivated a group of concerned
fishers and fiord users to form the Guardians of
Fiordland’s Fisheries and Marine Environment in 1995.
Through a process of negotiated “gifts and gains”
between the recreational and commercial fishers,
charter operators, Ngai Tahu and environmentalists,
the Guardians developed an integrated management
strategy for the Fiordland marine environment. In
2005 the Guardian’s strategy was realised with the
establishment of the Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua)
Marine Area, incorporating modified fishing rules and
marine protection measures. This area lies inside the
Southland Fishery Management Area.
Know the limits
The restrictions on recreational fishers are relatively
simple.
The main things to remember are:
> Don’t take more than the daily limit
> Don’t take undersized fish
> Don’t sell or trade your catch
> Spread your fishing effort to avoid depletion
> Don’t abuse your recreational entitlement*
*Note: Only those persons physically taking finfish, rock
lobster or shellfish are entitled to claim a catch within
the daily limit.

All fish taken and consumed during any trip must
be counted within the daily limit entitlement.
Fishers should also be aware of the restrictions on
closed seasons, closed areas, fishing gear and method
prohibitions that may apply within the Fiordland Marine
Area and the wider Southland Fishery Management
Area.
Alive and unharmed
Unlawfully taken fish (such as fish taken in excess of
your daily limit, undersize, unlawful state or fish taken
with unlawful gear or method) must be immediately
returned to the water, taking all care to ensure the
fish is unharmed and returned in the same location
where taken. Dead fish that are unlawful must also be
returned to the water.
A guide to the law
These notes are provided as a summary guide of
applicable law, which is subject to change. For full
details on amateur fishing restrictions, contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office. A complete copy of
the relevant legislation (including Acts and associated
regulations) is available from Bennett’s Government
Bookshops.
A Guide to the Fiordland
Marine Area recreational
fishing rules
Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua) Marine Area is
the area established by the
Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua) Marine Management
Act 2005 - being all of that part of the Fiordland coastal
marine area shown on SO Plan 345612, enclosed by
a line commencing from Awarua Point on the West
Coast of the South Island and extending 12 nautical
miles from the mean high-water springs mark along the
Fiordland coast to its South-Eastern boundary point at
Sandhill Point, but excluding the coastal marine area
around the Solander Islands.
49
Non-Commercial Fishing
Areas
Internal waters of Fiordland are defined inner fiord
areas as described in the Fisheries (Southland and
Sub-Antarctic Areas Amateur Fishing) Amendment
Regulations 2005 schedule. All commercial fishing
is prohibited within the internal waters of Fiordland
creating a 46,000-hectare non-commercial fishing
area. Special restrictions apply to the internal waters,
where the inner fiord habitat is characterised by steep
rock walls, dominated by marine animal species and
where fish life is less productive. Beyond internal water
boundaries, fish life is correspondingly more abundant
and prolific in the seaweed dominated outer fiord and
nutrient rich coastal environment.
Fiordland
Fishery Management Area

Fiordland Area
50

51
Fiordland
Fishery Management Area

Fiordland Area
Specific Fiordland
recreational fishing rules
apply
Internal waters of Fiordland
> Blue cod daily species limit of 3 with no
accumulation*
> Groper (Hapuku)/bass daily species limit of 3 with no
accumulation*
> Rock lobster daily species limit of 3 with no
accumulation*
Fiord entrances and outer coast
> Blue cod daily species limit of 20 with no
accumulation* (includes the 3 blue cod limit from
within the internal fiord waters)
>
>
>
Groper daily species limit of 5 with no accumulation*
(includes the 3 groper limit from within the internal
fiord waters)
Rock lobster daily bag limit of 6, with a three day
accumulation limit of 15 (special provisions apply)
Any accumulated rock lobster must be held in
labelled containers
(refer rock lobster provisions).
Entire Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua)
Marine Area
> Total combined finfish bag limit of 30 with no
accumulation*
>
Groper (Hapuku)/bass species are included inside the
combined finfish bag limit.
> Jock Stewart (Sea perch) daily species limit of 10
with no accumulation included inside the combined
finfish bag limit*
> Scallop and paua daily species limit of 10 with no
accumulation*
*Note: Accumulation refers to the aggregation and
possession of daily fish catch in excess of more
than one day’s legal possession entitlement, which
is unlawful for finfish, paua, scallops.
52
In the case of rock lobster, there is a 3 day
accumulation limit of 15 rock lobsters with special
provisions applying. (Refer rock lobster provisions)
Bulk harvest method restrictions
> Blue cod pot use is prohibited inside the internal
waters of Fiordland
Within the entire Fiordland Marine Area the following
restrictions apply:
> Long lines including any set line, dropline or dahn
line, limited to one per person, or two per vessel
> Long lines including any set line, dropline or dahn
line, limited to a maximum of 5 hooks per line
> Rock lobster pots limited to 3 per person and no
more then 3 per vessel
> Dredges and set nets are prohibited within the
entire Fiordland Marine Area.
Blue cod closed areas
Milford Sound and Doubtful Sound internal waters are
temporarily closed for taking blue cod to allow depleted
stocks to rebuild.
>
No person may take or possess any blue cod taken
from Milford Sound and Doubtful Sound internal
waters of Fiordland.
Finfish
Maximum daily limits
In the Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua) Marine
Area there is a combined daily bag limit of 30 finfish,
consisting of any combination of the species listed on
the following panel, as long as the individual species
limits are not exceeded.

Finfish
Species
Maximum
daily limit
per fisher
Finfish
Species
Maximum
daily limit
per fisher
Barracouta 30 Porbeagle shark 1
Blue cod 20 Quinnat salmon 2
Blue moki 15 Red cod 10
Bluenose 30 Red gurnard 30
Blue shark 1 Red moki 15
Bronze shark 1 Rig 5
Butterfish/Greenbone 15 School shark 5
Eels 6 Sea perch/Jock Stewart 10
Elephant fish 5 Seven gilled shark 1
Flatfish 30 Skate ray 5
Grey mullet 30 Snapper 30
Groper/Hapuku/Bass 5 Spiky dogfish 15
Hammerhead shark 1 Stargazer 30
Kahawai 15 Tarakihi 15
Lamprey 30 Thresher shark 1
Ling 30 Trevally 30
Mako shark 1 Trumpeter 15
Marblefish 30 Wrasse 30
Marlin 1
Accumulation of finfish beyond the daily limit is
prohibited. Therefore possession at any time of
fish taken from within the Fiordland Marine Area in
excess of the prescribed species limit and combined
bag limit is unlawful. Except for Kingfish (individual
limit of 3) there is no limit on finfish species not listed
above.
Internal waters of Fiordland - conservative
limits apply
Within the internal waters of Fiordland the following
conservative daily limits apply:
> Blue cod daily limit of 3 with no accumulation.
> Groper (Hapuku)/bass daily limit of 3 with no
accumulation.
White Pointer shark prohibition
> No person may take or possess any white pointer
shark
53
Minimum Size Restrictions
Finfish Species Minimum fish length
Blue cod 33 cm
Blue moki 40 cm
Butterfish/Greenbone 35 cm
Flatfish (except sand flounder) 25 cm
Kingfish 75 cm
Red cod 25 cm
Red gurnard 25 cm
Red moki 40 cm
Sand flounder 23 cm
Snapper 25 cm
Tarakihi 25 cm
Trevally 25 cm
Trumpeter 35 cm
Length measurement
Finfish length is measured
from the tip of the nose
to the rear end of the
middle ray of the tail fin
as shown here.
Method and gear restrictions - Line fishing
Within the entire Fiordland Marine Area the following
restrictions apply to all line fishing including any
longline, set line, dropline and dahn line.
>
>
>
>
All surface floats attached to any line must be clearly
and legibly marked with the fisher’s surname and
initials
No person may use or possess a line with more than
5 hooks
No person may use or be in possession of more than
one line (other than rod and reel lines or handlines)
Where more than one person is using a line from a
vessel (other than a rod and reel lines or handlines),
no more than two lines (other than rod and reel lines
or handlines) may be used or set from, or possessed
on board that vessel.
Set nets prohibited
> No person may use, set or possess any set net within
the Fiordland Marine Area.
Fiordland
Fishery Management Area

Fiordland Area
Blue cod hook size
When fishing for blue cod, the Fiordland Marine
Guardians recommend the voluntary use of size 6/0
or larger size wide gap or circle fish hooks to avoid
damage and promote survival of undersize blue cod.
Blue cod pots prohibited
> No person may use or set any blue cod pot within
the internal waters of Fiordland.
Shellfish
UBA - Underwater breathing apparatus
(does not include snorkels)
> No person may take any paua using UBA.
>
No person may be in possession of paua while in
possession of UBA. This includes possession, in or
on any vessel or vehicle.
Dredges prohibited
> No person may use or possess any dredge within the
Fiordland Marine Area.
Open seasons
Dredge Oysters: Within the Southland Fishery
Management Area the open season is 1 March to 31
August inclusive.
Scallops: Within the Southland Fishery Management
Area the open season is 1 October to 15 March
inclusive.
How to measure shellfish
Paua: measure
the greatest length
of the shell in
a straight line,
parallel to the
ventral surface. (Do not measure over the curve of the
shell)
Scallops: measure the greatest diameter of the shell.
Dredge Oysters: must not pass through a rigid circular
metal ring with an inside diameter of 58mm.
54
Shellfish Species Maximum
daily limit
per fisher
Minimum
size (mm)
Cockle 150 none
Crab 50 none
Kina (sea egg) 50 none
Mussel 25 none
Oysters - Dredge † 50 58
Paua - Ordinary black foot* 10 125
- Yellow foot* 10 80
Pipi 150 none
Scallop † * 10 100
Tuatua 150 none
All Others (combined) • 50 none
* No Accumulation of paua or scallop daily limits taken
within the Fiordland Marine Area.
† Divers on a vessel may take an additional quota of
oysters or scallops for up to two persons acting in a dive
safety capacity.
• This is a combined, mixed-species bag limit. It applies to
all shellfish species not specifically named above.
Note: No Rock or Pacific oysters are known to
exist in the Southland Fishery Management Area
(including Fiordland Marine Area). All oysters taken
within the Southland FMA are subject to season,
daily limit and size restrictions.
Shellfish to be landed in a measurable state
All shellfish to which a minimum size restriction applies
(including paua, scallops and dredge oysters) must be
landed in the shell and cannot be shucked or shelled
seaward of the mean high-water mark.
> Within prescribed limits, provision exists permitting
opening of dredge oysters and scallops for
consumption onboard a vessel. Any scallops or
oysters not eaten must me landed in the shell.

Rock Lobster
Maximum daily limit
> No person may take or possess more than 6 rock
lobsters (both spiny and packhorse rock lobster
species combined) on any one day within the
Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua) Marine Area.
>
No person may take or possess more than 3 rock
lobsters on any one-day that are taken from within
the internal waters of Fiordland. No accumulation
applies.
Limits on accumulation
Within the Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua) Marine
Area, a limited defence provision exists to allow
possession of accumulated rock lobster taken over 3 or
more days in excess of the daily possession limit if-
> Not more than 15 rock lobster are possessed; and
>
The daily take limit of 6 rock lobster was not
exceeded on any day; and
> Not more than 3 rock lobster were taken from the
internal waters of Fiordland; and
> The rock lobster are held in labelled containers or
bags that:
- contain only rock lobster taken on a single day; and
- are clearly labelled to record -
(i) The individual fisher’s full name; and
(ii) The date on which the rock lobster was taken by
the fisher; and
(iii) The number of rock lobster held in the container or
bag; and
(iv) The number of rock lobster (if any) taken from the
internal waters of Fiordland.
Note: Accumulation refers to the aggregation and
possession of daily rock lobster catch in excess of
more than one day’s possession entitlement, which
is subject to a 3-day accumulation limit of 15 rock
lobster.
Possession
Rock lobster may not be possessed seaward of the
mean high-water mark in an unmeasurable state.
55
Minimum sizes
No person may take or possess:
> Male spiny rock lobster with a tail width less than
54 mm.
> Female spiny rock lobster with a tail width less than
60 mm.
>
Packhorse rock lobster (either sex) with a tail length
shorter than 216 mm.
How to measure spiny rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line between
the tips of the two large (primary) spines on the second
segment of the tail, (as shown in diagram):
The sex is easily
Male
determined:
>
Females have
small pincers on
the rear pair of
legs.
> Pleopods are in
paired form on
each side of the
under surface of
female tails, and are in single form
in male tails.
If you are unsure of the sex, use the 60mm
measurement and you will be safe.
How to measure a packhorse rock lobster
The tail length of the
Packhorse rock lobster
is measured along the
underside in a straight line
from the rear of the calcified
216 mm
bar on the first segment to
the tip of the middle fan of the tail.
Protected rock lobster
The following types of rock lobster must be immediately
returned to the water:
> Undersized rock lobster.
>
Primary spines
on second segment
Female
Pleopods
Female rear leg detail showing pincer
Any female rock lobster carrying external eggs (these
are carried between the pleopods on the underside
of the tail).
54 mm
60 mm
Fiordland
Fishery Management Area

>
Fiordland Area
Any rock lobster in the soft shell stage (following
moulting where the exoskeleton has not reached full
hardness).
Any rock lobster that cannot be measured (e.g.
because of damage to the tail preventing accurate
measurement).
General restrictions
It is unlawful to:
> Remove external eggs or the egg-bearing
appendages from any rock lobster.
>
>
Use a spear or device, which could puncture the
shell when taking rock lobster, or possess any rock
lobster, which has been speared.
Use or set a baited net for taking rock lobsters, or possess
any rock lobster with a baited net.
It is lawful to use a ring pot, hoop net or bob to take
rock lobster.
Lassoes
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used to
take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring loaded
loop or lasso.
Rock lobster pot restrictions
Rock lobster pot means any pot, whether baited or not,
that is capable of catching or holding rock lobster; and
includes any other device capable of catching, holding,
or storing rock lobster except a loop, bob or ring pot.
It is unlawful to:
>
>
Use or set a rock lobster pot unless the pot and
the surface buoy or float, attached to the pot and
float line are clearly and permanently marked with
the fisher’s surname and initials. This includes
possession on any vessel.
Set or possess a rock lobster pot unless it has
escape gaps as detailed in the ‘Escape gaps for rock
lobster pots’ section.
56
Rock lobster pot limits
No person may on any day within the Fiordland (Te
Moana o Atawhenua) Marine Area -
> Possess, use or set more than 3 rock lobster pots.
>
Possess on any vessel, or use or set more than 3
rock lobster pots from any vessel.
Escape gaps for rock lobster pots
> No escape gap or aperture shall be incorporated in
either the top or the bottom of any pot
> Escape gaps or apertures are designed to allow
undersized rock lobster to escape.
>
>
>
Round or beehive shaped pots must have at least
3 escape gaps/or apertures (other than the mouth).
Each aperture must have an inside dimension of not
less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Square or rectangular shaped pots must have at
least 2 escape gaps/ or apertures (other than the
mouth) in opposite faces of the pot. Each aperture
shall not be less than 80% of the height or length
of the face of the pot in which the apertures are
contained. Each aperture shall have an inside
dimension of not less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely of unaltered
spot welded mesh with inside dimensions of 54
mm x 140 mm does not have to have escape gaps/
or apertures but the pots must be used without
covers or liners or with covers or liners that leave
unencumbered at least 80% of the surface area of
each of 2 opposite sides

Rock lobster holding pots
Rock lobster holding pot means a pot that is used, or
can be used for holding or storing rock lobster but does
not include any pot that is capable of catching rock
lobster.
> Holding pots are excluded from other rock lobster
pot limits and escape gap requirements.
> Limits apply restricting one holding pot per person or
a maximum of 2 holding pots per vessel if there are
two or more persons.
> Holding pots and attached surface floats used from
or transported on a vessel must be clearly and
permanently marked with the vessel name and
the characters HP I for the first holding pot and (if
applicable) HP 2 for the second holding pot.
> Holding pots and attached surface floats used other
than from a vessel must be clearly and permanently
marked with the fishers surname, initials and the
characters HP.
Protection of coral
No person may take or possess any black coral or red
coral.
Closed and restricted areas
Marine Reserves
In the Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua) Marine Area
there are 10 Marine Reserves administered by the
Department of Conservation.
The following is a list of the Marine Reserves running
from North to South:
> Piopiotahi (Milford Sound) Marine Reserve
> Te Hapua (Sutherland Sound) Marine Reserve
> Hawea (Clio Rocks) Marine Reserve [Bligh Sound]
> Kahukura (Gold Arm) Marine Reserve [Charles
Sound]
> Kutu Parera (Gaer Arm) Marine Reserve [Bradshaw
Sound]
> Te Awaatu Channel (The Gut) Marine Reserve
[Doubtful Sound]
> Taipari Roa (Elizabeth Island) Marine Reserve
[Doubtful Sound]
57
>
Moana Uta (Wet Jacket Arm) Marine Reserve
[Acheron Passage]
> Taumoana (Five Fingers Peninsula) Marine Reserve
[Dusky Sound]
> Te Tapuwae o Hua (Long Sound) Marine Reserve
[Preservation Inlet]
Within the marine reserves, all marine life is completely
protected with all fishing, both non-commercial and
commercial totally prohibited.
Penalties apply
There are heavy penalties for breaching fisheries
regulations including graduated Infringement notice
penalties of $250 and $500, maximum Court fines of
$10,000 and for serious non-commercial offences,
there are maximum Court fines of $20,000 and
$250,000 along with automatic forfeiture of any fish,
gear and property (including vessels and vehicles) used
in the commission of the offence.
Contact Fishery Officers
Ministry of Fisheries
Invercargill
137 Spey Street
(03) 211 0060
For information on fishing rules
www.fish.govt.nz
0800 4 POACHER
(0800 476 224 to report illegal fishing)
Fiordland
Fishery Management Area

Guidelines for releasing undersized fish
How to release undersized fish
This pamphlet will show you how to correctly
release undersized fish so that they survive to reach
a larger size. Recreational fishers are encouraged to
know how to release undersized fish correctly – so
the fish live to be caught another day.
A fish out of water – biological facts
Rough handling, especially with dry hands,
damages the protective mucous layer covering the
scales, reducing the chances of the fish surviving
after release. The internal organs of the fish can be
damaged by a fisher squeezing too hard, or by the
impact of thrashing on hard surfaces.
Avoid catching undersized fish
The best way to protect small fish is not to catch
them at all.
Use a larger hook and a bigger bait as these are
less likely to be swallowed by small fish. Do not
keep fishing in an area where most of the fish are
small.
Keep the fish in the water
When fishing from small boats the best option may
be to keep fish in the water while removing the
hook. This greatly reduces the stress caused by
handling.
58
Lifting fish from the water
If fish have to be removed from the water, this
should be done carefully as possible, especially if
the hook is swallowed. Small fish can be safely
lifted using the line if they are hooked in the mouth.
Fish hooked in the gills or the gut should never be
lifted by the line.
Put the fish on a wet, soft surface
Placing the fish on a wet, soft surface such as a wet
sponge or towel will help protect the mucous layer
over the scales and most fish will struggle less.
Handling fish – wear gloves
Professional fishers and marine biologists only
handle live fish while wearing wet gloves. Wet
cotton gloves are the best, but cheap rubber gloves
are almost as good.
Always ensure that your hands are wet. Include a
pair of gloves with your fishing tackle and use them
when releasing fish. If you are not wearing gloves,
remember to ensure your hands are wet.
Never hold a fish by putting your fingers inside the
gill covers or eye sockets.
To handle a live snapper, hold the back of its head
in the gill cover area. If you grip from below the jaw,
you should avoid being spiked by the fish.

When carrying a fish, hold it around the gill covers
with one hand and support the body with the other.
Cut the line for gut-hooked fish
If a fish has swallowed the hook, it is very likely to
die if you try to remove it. Do not pull hard on the
line. This is sure to cause internal damage. Cut the
line as close as you can to the mouth.
If you lose a hook in the process of releasing a fish
that would otherwise die, consider this a small price
to pay for the enjoyment you gain from fishing.
Never use a “gob” stick on fish you intend to
release.
Getting the hook out
If fish are hooked in the mouth or lip, you should
extract the hook as carefully as possible. Lie the fish
on a wet, soft surface and use hook removers or
long-nosed pliers to get a secure grip.
Try to push the hook back the way it came and try
not to tear the mouth.
Barbless hooks make releasing mouth-hooked fish
easy. You can make your hook barbless by either
flattening the barb with pliers or filing the barb off.
Having removed the hook, return the fish to the
water head first, as gently as you can from the least
possible height.
Size limits
You should know the minimum legal size limits as
there are large penalties for breaking the law. The
limits are set at levels that allow fish to breed at
least once before then can be legally caught and
taken home.
Finfish are measured from the tip of the nose to
the “V” in the tail. Size limits can vary from area
to area. For example, the minimum legal size limit
for snapper in the North Island fisheries is 27 cm.
In the South Island it is 25 cm. The minimum legal
size for kingfish is 75 cm.
The Ministry of Fisheries believes that significant
increases in the numbers of fish can be achieved in
our main fisheries if people observe the minimum
59
legal size limits and carefully return undersized fish
to the water.
Handling larger fish
Where possible, do not remove large fish from the
water at all.
A kingfish that is just sub-legal (less than 75 cm)
may still be quite a big fish of around 3 kg.
Kingfish are strong, active and often difficult to
control in a small boat. One way of controlling
kingfish is to leave the fish in the landing net while
you remove the hook, then return it to the water.
Alternatively, use a wet towel to hold the kingfish
while the hook is removed.
Landing Nets
Use a knotless landing net to land your fish as this
type of net minimises the damage to fish scales and
slime. Another benefit, especially if using barbless
hooks is the reduction in tangling of hooks in the
net mesh. With knotted landing nets this can cause
considerable delays in removing hooks, especially
barbed from the net and reduces fishing time. This
can be important during short periods when the fish
are avidly biting.
Fish grips
A fish grip device can be used to assist in handling
and immobilising a fish however the body of the fish
should be supported at all times. Avoid grips with
inbuilt scales and don’t be tempted to weigh the fish
by hanging it off the grip.
Venting
Venting or puncturing the swim bladder with a fine
hollow needle can be used to allow the expanded
air in the swim bladder to escape. Venting methods
can vary with species however in most cases the
needle is inserted in line with the top of the pectoral
fin and below the 4th dorsal spine.

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
REMEMBER TO DO
THESE THINGS
>
Remove fish from the water only if you have to
Wear cotton or rubber gloves or at least wet your
hands
Lie fish on a soft wet surface if you need to
handle them out of the water
Change to a larger hook size if you are catching a
lot of undersized fish
Minimise the time fish are out of the water
Remove the hook carefully from mouth-hooked
fish
Cut the line for gut-hooked fish
Return fish gently to the sea
7
7
7
7
7
7
60
PLEASE DO NOT
>
Hold fish by inserting your fingers inside the gill
cover
Poke or touch the eyes, and never hold fish by the
eye sockets
Use a “gob” stick on fish you intend to release
Squeeze the gill covers or gut area
Lift fish by the tail as this can dislocate the spine
Drop or place fish on a hot, dry deck or on rocks

Sale or Raffle of fish in
Clubs/Hotels/Workplaces
Each year thousands of New Zealanders go fishing and take
large numbers of fish (finfish, crayfish and shellfish). These
quantities, from a very wide range of species, can seriously
affect local fisheries.
It is important for the sustainability
of New Zealand’s fishery
resources that all members
of the public play
their part in helping
to conserve the
resource so that
generations to
come will also be
able to enjoy a
days fishing.
Fishery Officers
are concerned
that some
clubs, hotels and
workplaces are
conducting sales
or raffles of fish which
have not come from a
legal source. Such
illegal sales or raffles
of fish pose a
serious threat to
conservation of the
resource.
61
HOW CAN YOU HELP
To help clubs, hotels and workplaces to
fully understand the rules so that they
can play their part in conserving
the resource, the main laws to
remember in relation to the
sale or raffle of
fish are:
*Don’t buy,
or even
have in your
possession,
any finfish,
crayfish or
shellfish (other than
whitebait) for the purposes
of any sale in any form
whatsoever (including raffles)
unless you can prove you have
obtained the fish from one of the
following sources:
1. A licensed fish receiver or other authorised person
2. A commercial fisherman in the vicinity of his or
her fishing vessel (maximum amounts apply to the
amount of fish which can be
purchased, e.g. 10kg of finfish)
* Don’t knowingly permit any premises to
be used for illegal sale of fish.
REMEMBER
The meaning of “sale” under the Fisheries Act is very wide. Sale “includes
every method of disposition for valuable consideration, including barter;
and includes the disposition to an agent for sale on consignment; and also
includes offering of attempting to sell, or receiving or having in possession for
sale, or exposing for sale,or sending or delivering for sale, or causing or permitting
to be sold, offered, or exposed for sale; and also includes
disposal by way of raffle, lottery, or otrher game of chance...”
*Severe penalties apply to offences under the Fisheries Act
(large fines as well as forfeiture of property)
Anyone organising a sale or raffle of fish wanting further detailed information on the
laws relating to the sale of fish, should contact any office of the Ministry of Fisheries.

62
Here’s the catch

The Ministry of Fisheries
doesn’t want to give you
an infringement fee, but
if you break the fishing
rules, we may.
Everyone who enjoys fishing wants to make sure
New Zealand has enough fish for the future. That’s
why we have recreational fishing rules.
At the Ministry of Fisheries, we do our best to make
sure that everyone who fishes knows the rules and
sticks to them. But some people don’t seem to care.
They’re the ones who take more than their share and
put New Zealand’s fish and shellfish stocks at risk.
The law allows us to give an infringement fee
to people who put themselves first and New
Zealand’s fish stocks second. The non-commercial
recreational penalty structure is shown below.
The penalty structure
Infringement Offences
$250 minimum • For breaches of shellfish and finfish minimum legal size limits.
• For netting and gear offences.
$250 - $500 • Graduated penalties for taking excess bag limits for all species, up to three times the daily limit.
Offences which go to Court
Some offences will
go to Court
• Take with/use/possess excess rock lobster pots.
>
>
The maximum for non-commercial offences is $20,000
63
To avoid an infringement fee:
> Know your bag and size limits.
> Be sure you know how to measure your catch.
> Ask the Ministry of Fisheries for a recreational
fishing rules brochure for your area.
(North, Central, Challenger, South).
For further information, please contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office or visit
www.fish.govt.nz
There is a new category, “serious non-commercial offending”, where the Court
may forfeit fishing related property as well as impose a fine of up to $250,000.
For example, taking more than three times the daily bag limit is a serious
non-commercial offence.

Stuck between a rock and a hard place?
Getting to grips with handling and
measuring lobster
64

New Zealand rock
lobsters found around our
coastline and offshore
islands, are referred to
as “crayfish”, a name
more correctly applied
to freshwater species.
They are often fished by
commercial, recreational
and by Maori customary
fishers.
The sustainable management of our rock lobster
fisheries is supported by an extensive research
programme and an enforcement and compliance
regime.
What can you do to look after the
fishery?
> We ask all fishers to comply with the regulations
so there will be plenty of rock lobsters for future
generations.
> Rock lobster that must be returned to the sea
should be done so immediately and with care to
maximise their chances of survival.
> Know the size limits, bag limits and other fishing
rules for your area.
> Avoid grasping rock lobster by their legs or the
antennae. Legs and feelers are easily detached
and injured lobsters seldom survive.
> Do not take female rock lobsters with their tails
tucked in underneath them; they are carrying
thousands of eggs.
> Lobster rapidly go blind in sunlight. Measure
them as soon as they leave the water and quickly
return illegal lobster to where they can find
shelter.
65
>
Pots should not be left baited and unattended for
more than 24 hours. Octopus can enter pots and
will kill any rock lobster that cannot escape.
Description
New Zealand has two common species of rock
lobster:
> The red or spiny rock lobster Jasus edwardsii
and the green or packhorse rock lobster Jasus
verreauxi.
> The packhorse, the world’s largest rock lobster,
can be as large as 60 cm and 15 kg. Red rock
lobster are generally smaller, but have been
measured at 54 cm overall length and weighing
over 8 kg.
Life cycle
Mating occurs within a few weeks of the female
moult.Females bear up to 550,000 eggs depending
on locality and their size. Eggs are carried under the
tail, for up to 6 months before hatching. The eggs
hatch into spider-like larvae that drift freely as part
of the plankton in open waters for at least 9-12
months, where they fall prey to a variety of plankton
feeders. The survivors may move considerable
distances with ocean currents, returning to inshore
areas to settle on the bottom as transparent
puerulii, which resemble miniature adults. At this
stage they may suffer heavy predation from bottom
feeding fish, until they find adequate shelter.
Distribution, habitat and movement
Both Red rock lobsters and Packhorse rock
lobsters are widespread throughout New Zealand,
particularly in coastal areas where there is plenty
of cover.
Rock lobsters usually move by night to search for
food and shelter, returning to the safety of crevices
during the day.
They eat a wide variety of bottom life, with a
preference for shellfish, crabs, seaweeds, small fish
and sea urchins.

There is also a seasonal movement into shallow
water for moulting and mating, and another when
females move to the edges of reefs to spawn their
eggs.
Rock lobster migrate in large numbers. Movements
of up to 460 km by red rock lobsters, and up to
1070 km by packhorse lobster have been recorded.
Growth and age
To increase size, a rock lobster must shed or moult
its shell and grow a new larger one which is initially
soft, leaving it very vulnerable to predators. It
absorbs water rapidly and expands to its new size.
The shell hardens within a few days, taking longer
to thicken to full strength. Moulting frequency and
times depend on age and sex.
Legal size is attained in 5-10 years, depending on
the sex of the lobster, area, and growth rates. Rock
lobster may live for over 30 years.
Recreational fishery
Recreational fishing for the daily limit (6 legal rock
lobster per fisher) is largely based on diving, but
baited pots are also used.
Recreational fishing can have a significant impact
on stocks in some areas.
66
The need for different minimum
legal sizes
Tail width measurement is used to determine the
legal size for red or spiny rock lobster. Females of
similar body sizes have wider tails than males, so
different minimum legal sizes are needed for each.
This contributes to the effectiveness of the escape
gaps that must be used in all rock lobster pots.
Escape gaps reduce the damage to, and possible
mortalities of, juvenile rock lobster.
Pot limits
Know the rock lobster pot limits:
> Individuals may use, set, or possess up to three
rock lobster pots in any one day.
> Two or more individuals fishing from a vessel
may use, set, or possess up to six rock lobster
pots in any one day.
> Paterson Inlet – Within Paterson Inlet, Stewart
Island (those waters lying inside a line between
Ackers Point and Bullers Point on The Neck),
there is a limit of two rock lobster pots per
person.
> Mimiwhangata – No person may use more than
one pot per person per vessel.

>
>
>
Set any pot unless the pot & surface float are
clearly and permanently marked with fishers
surname and initials.
Individuals may use, set or possess up to 3 pots
in any one day
Two or more individuals fishing from a vessel
may use, set or possess up to 6 pots in any one
day.
Octopus posts need to be secured by a latch or
similar devise
Regulation escape gaps to allow
undersized lobsters to escape
> It is an offence to set or possess a rock lobster
pot unless it has an escape gap as detailed
below.
> Round or beehive pots must have at least 3
escape gaps or apertures (other than the mouth).
Each aperture must have an inside dimension of
not less than 54 mm x 200 mm.
>
>
>
Square or rectangular pots must have at least
two escape gaps or apertures (other than
the mouth) in opposite faces of the pot. Each
aperture shall not be less than 80% of the height
or length of the face of the pot in which the
apertures are contained.
Each aperture shall have an inside dimension of
not less than54 mm x 200 mm.
Any rock lobster pot constructed entirely
of unaltered spot welded mesh with inside
dimensions of 54 mm x 140 mm does not have
to have escape gaps or apertures, but pots must
be used without covers or liners or have covers
or liners that leave unencumbered at least 80%
of the surface area of each of 2 opposite sides.
67
>
No escape gap or aperture shall be incorporated
in either the top or the bottom of any pot.
Determining a rock lobster sex
The sex is easily determined:
> Females have small pincers on the rear pair of
legs.
> Pleopods are in paired form on each side of the
underside of female tails and are in single form
in male tails.
> If you are unsure of the sex use the 60 mm
measurement and you will be safe.
Male
Primary spines
on second segment
Female
54 mm
60 mm
Pleopods
Female rear leg detail showing pincer
Hold the lobster by the back of its carapace (hard
shell), tail facing towards you. Turn it upside town.
Gently fold out its tail and determine its sex.
Measuring red rock lobster
The tail width is measured in a straight line
between the tips of the two large (primary) spines
on the second segment of the tail, as shown in the
diagrams opposite. The minimum sizes for red rock
lobster are:
54 mm for males and 60 mm for females.
If a red rock lobster measures less than 54 mm
for a male or less than 60 mm for a female, or if
any part of the spines or shell on this segment is
broken, the lobster can not be kept and must be
returned to the sea, immediately and unharmed.

Measuring packhorse rock lobster
For packhorse rock lobster, the minimum tail
length measure is 216 mm.
The tail is measured along the underside in a
straight line from the rear of the calcified bar on the
first segment to the tip of the middle fan of the tail.
216 mm
Special measuring gauge
The regulations require that, in cases of dispute,
a red rock lobster must be measured with an
official, certified gauge. You may measure with an
uncertified gauge or a ruler, but these can serve
only as a guide. Certified gauges are available from
MFish offices.
Other rules
Handgathering is the only harvest method allowed
to divers. It is illegal to use any spear or device
which could puncture the shell when taking rock
lobster or possess any rock lobster which has been
speared. Rock lobster pots are the only other legal
method of capture. In addition to regulation escape
gaps, all pots and surface floats must be marked
clearly, legibly and permanently with the initials and
surname of the fisher. It is illegal to use baited set
nets to take rock lobster.
Only hand operated loops or lassoes may be used
to take rock lobster. It is prohibited to use a spring
loaded loop or lasso.
Fishers must immediately return egg bearing
(berried) female lobster or any lobster in the soft
shell stage to the water. Special care should be
taken to return all lobster onto suitable habitat
immediately so that mortalities from exposure to
sun and wind, or attacks by predators as they swim
to shelter, are minimised. It is illegal for recreational
and customary fishers to sell their catch.
68

New Zealand’s most popular Finfish
and Shellfish Species.
Red Cod Hapuku
Kahawai Red Snapper
Kingfish Snapper
Tarakihi Maomao
70

This is a guide to New Zealand’s most
popular fin and shellfish species.
Blue Cod Red Gurnard
John Dory Leather Jacket
Blue Moki Trevally
Trumpeter Butterfish
71
It is designed to help you to positively
identify your catch and keep within the
allowances for each species

Kina Rock Oyster
Cockles Pipi
Tuatua Toheroa
72
Green Mussel Blue Mussel

Scallop
Yellowbelly Flounder
Conserve our marine
resources. Take only
what you need.
Stay within bag limits
73
Black Foot Paua
Red Rock Lobster
Packhorse Rock Lobster

Rock Lobster Tagging
The NZ Rock Lobster Industry Council
(NZ RLIC) is a contracted research
services provider to the Minister of
Fisheries and operates an extensive rock
lobster stock monitoring and research
project which includes a lobster tag,
release and recapture programme.
The object of this programme is to estimate growth,
determine distribution and seasonal patterns in
abundance and size of rock lobsters, and to
determine movement patterns within rock lobster
management areas. Rock lobsters increase in size
each time they moult. Smaller lobsters can moult
several times in one season, whilst older and larger
lobsters moult less frequently. Mature female
lobsters also grow more slowly than male lobsters
because they expend a great deal of energy on
egg bearing.
74
Tagging
When a lobster is tagged, the sex, stage of female
maturity length, carapace, tail width, and number
of injuries are recorded. Five percent are double
tagged to give an indication of possible tag loss.
The tag(s) are inserted on the dorsal (top) side
into the tissue between the carapace and tail. This
allows the tag to stay in place even when the lobster
moults, and also enable the tag to be clearly visible.
At release, latitude, longitude, and water depth are
recorded. Every attempt is made to release the
lobster as close as possible to where it was caught.
GPS is used to record positions.

Recapture
Recapture of tagged lobsters can give us
information on growth and movement. As normally
we will not be present when recaptures occur,
we appreciate all lobster fishermen (and women)
providing assistance in returning information to us
on Amateur Tag Recapture cards.
These are available from the NZ Rock Lobster
Industry Council (Tel: 04 385 4005) or from a local
Ministry of Fisheries Office.
When tagged lobsters (both sub-legal and legal) are
recaptured, we would like you to record the details
of the recapture.
These include the sex, tail width, number of injuries,
tag number(s) and prefix, depth, position and
whether or not you retain or release the lobster.
The number of injuries means the number of
missing legs and antennae, or severe damage such
as horns missing or holes in the carapace. The
prefix of the tag number is important as there are
a number of tagging programmes being conducted
around the country and a tag number can be
duplicated. The prefix however makes it unique.
While many tagged lobsters are reported by the
fishermen, some escape detection and are only
noticed when the catch is cooked and served as a
meal. The prefix in these cases identifies the source
of the tag. It is also important to record both tag
numbers if there are two tags.
You can also report tagged rock lobsters on the
Tagtracker web site – go to
http://tagtracker.trophia.co.nz/
On that site you will also find more detailed
information on the rock lobster tagging programme
and a summary of recapture results from around
the New Zealand coastline.
If a legal sized tagged lobster is recaptured, it may
be landed in the usual way. Minimum legal size is
54mm tail width for male lobsters and 60mm tail
width for females.
You may choose to re-release the legal lobster, as
the additional information when it is caught again
75
will be very useful. If the lobster is under minimum
legal size or carrying eggs it must be returned to
the water in any case. When a tagged lobster is
re-released, please record the position and depth.
As with any tagging programme there will be a
small percentage of recaptures so there will not be
screeds of paperwork to complete. When you do get
a recapture though, please fill in the card and return
it to us. If you are going to retain the recaptured
lobster, remove the tag gently and attach to the
completed form. You need a new form for each
recapture. If you use the Tagtracker website to
report your recaptures please ensure that you
complete the report accurately.
It is important when completing forms that the
information is accurate. Please try to fill in every
record. If you are not sure, leave the box blank and
write a note on the form regarding the details. It is
easier for someone to check with you later, than to
try to fix ‘wrong’ data.
NZ Rock Lobster Industry Council
Private Bag 24-901
Wellington

Guidelines for Gathering Paua
Why have a code of practice for amateur
paua divers and hand-gatherers?
Recent studies have revealed that we have a special
problem with paua. While most recreational fishers
are responsible, some use fishing techniques
which kill undersized paua.A number of practices
used in the recreational paua fishery result in high
mortalities of undersized paua through ignorance
and poor harvesting techniques.
Lethal damage
Many fishers remove undersized paua from the reef
surface using sharp instruments. This will usually
result in some damage to the foot of the small paua.
Paua are unable to clot blood when cut, so even
the tiniest nick could result in the paua bleeding to
death. Even if the paua survives the cut, the blood
will attract predators into the area, and the paua
may be killed before it has a chance to clamp down
onto the rock surface. Furthermore, damage to the
paua may reduce the ability of the paua to clamp
onto the rock surface. Research has shown that
damaged paua may develop abscesses, which will
result in death weeks later.
Drying out
Paua should not be removed from the water and
placed on deck to be counted and measured. Paua
left in the sun quickly dry out and will soon die in
these conditions.
76
Left to die
Undersized paua are commonly thrown back into
the water with no thought of where the paua may
end up. Paua thrown over areas of sand have no
hope of survival. Even if paua are thrown over reef
areas, they often land on their shell and take some
time to right themselves and clamp onto the reef
surface. While paua are not attached to a reef they
are an easy meal for predators in their area.
Why worry?
Undersized paua should be thought of as next
year’s harvest. Death of any damaged paua that
you return will not only lead to fewer paua in the
following year, but also in years to come. This is
because young stocks are the breeding stocks of
the future. You could be contributing to this problem
quite unknowingly. It is important that you are
aware of the impact your fishing techniques may be
having on the paua resource.
How important are paua anyway?
> Paua are unique to New Zealand and have
always been an important part of our culture. It
is in everyone’s interests to look after the paua
resource.
> This shellfish is highly valued by Maori,
recreational fishers and the commercial fishing
industry.
> Paua has always been a food source for Maori,
and plays a significant role in manaakitanga ki
nga manuhiri (hosting of visitors).

>
The recreational paua fishery is an important
component of the New Zealand lifestyle.
Commercial exploitation of paua developed and
expanded through the 1970’s and 1980’s into
the lucrative commercial industry it is today. The
paua industry is an important component of the
New Zealand economy, providing jobs and export
earnings.
Current regulations for amateurs
The amateur harvest of paua is controlled by daily
bag and size limits:
> Only 10 paua of each species are permitted per
fisher each day.
> The minimum legal sizes are 125 mm for the
blackfoot paua (Haliotis iris) and 80 mm for
the yellowfoot paua (Haliotis australis). This
allows paua to reach maturity and breed before
becoming large enough to harvest.
> By law paua have to be landed in a measurable
state (that is unshelled). This is to enable Fishery
Officers to check that all harvested paua are
greater than the legal takeable size.
> Underwater Breathing Apparatus (UBA) is
prohibited when collecting or in possession of
paua (this includes having UBA in your vehicle or
on your vessel). This is to prevent large areas of
paua from being systematically cleared by divers
and to leave stocks in deeper waters untouched.
The removal of accumulated paua stocks could
significantly reduce the productive potential of
paua in the area.
Amateur Taranaki Paua area
> Recreational fishers may take or possess any
Paua that is 85mm or greater in length within the
Amateur Taranaki Paua Fishery area.
> Paua outside of the area must be 125mm or
greater.
77
SH03
Paua Accumulation Limits
> The maximum number of Paua that one person
can have in their possession at any one time is:
> 20 paua being 2 times the maximum daily limit
of paua OR
> shucked weight (shell removed) of 2.5kgs of
paua.
What should you do if you see
suspicious or illegal activity?
If you see others taking more than their daily limit
or taking undersized fish, or if you are suspicious
about the activity ofa person or a group of people,
please report what you haveseen to the Ministry of
Fisheries as soon as you can.
If possible, record or memorise the following
information:
> Exact location, time and date
> Vessel name and numbers, description of vessel
type, colour, length
> Vehicle registration numbers and a description of
the make,model, and colour
> Number and description of people involved (and
names and addresses if known)
> The details of what you observed or heard about
or found.

Whether you phone or write to the Ministry of
Fisheries, any information provided in confidence
will remain confidential.
How to measure paua
The size of paua is measured in a straight line
across the greatest overall length of the shell.
By following these simple guide-lines you will
protect the undersized paua, ensuring a productive
fishery in the following year.
125mm
Paua less than the minimum legal size are next
year’s harvest. Often these paua are removed
and damaged by paua divers, only to be
returned to the sea to die. There are a number
of ways to ensure that undersized paua are not
removed from reef surfaces, and ways to care
for the young paua if they are inadvertently
removed.
You can help ensure your future paua harvest by
following a few simple rules.
If possible, avoid removing undersized paua
from the reef.
Use instruments with an underwater measuring
device/mark. If you measure your paua underwater
you will have less chance of taking and damaging
undersized paua.
Take care when removing paua, just in case
some of them are undersized.
When collecting paua, use paua friendly tools
(that is, no sharp instruments). Any damage to
undersized paua will significantly reduce their
chances of survival. If unsuccessful in removing a
paua on the first attempt, leave it, because if it has
clamped onto a rock it is extremely unlikely it will be
prised loose without suffering damage.
78
Return undersized paua to ensure their survival.
Any undersized paua should be returned by a diver
to the reef surface promptly and placed right way
up. Do not throw them over the side of your boat.
Unless paua are placed on the reef surface the right
way up, they are likely to be eaten by starfish, reef
fish and other predators before they have a chance
to clamp onto the rock surface. It is unlikely that
paua thrown back onto a sandy or gravely substrate
will survive.
Keep paua in the shade and ensure they remain
damp when on deck.
You should measure your paua underwater.
However, if you have taken paua out of the water
to measure, keep them damp and in the shade.
Heat damaged paua returned to the reef will be in a
weakened state and are susceptible to predation.
Take only what you need.
Take only the paua you need (within the confines of
the daily bag limit). Leave some for another day.
Don’t clear out whole areas.
Take only a few paua from within a bed and move
on to another area. If paua are cleared from large
areas you may lose a favourite paua spot.
Don’t shuck paua (remove the shell) below high
water mark.
Remember, paua must be landed in a measurable
state to enable Fishery Officers to measure your
catch. Furthermore, shucking of paua leaves waste
which will attract predators to the area.
For further information
Contact your local Fishery Officer or
www.fish.govt.nz for information on rules
0800 4 POACHER
(0800 476 224 to report illegal poaching)

Relaxing on a beach, splashing in rock
pools, messing around in boats, or
spending a day fishing for snapper or
blue cod, or gathering paua or kina -
they are all part of our heritage and our
way of life. Our coastal and oceanic
waters are important not only for these
activities but also for regulated activities
such as commercial fishing, tourism
and aqauaculture.
The choice is yours
What can we do?
Recreational fishers can play a part by:
>
>
>
>
>
catching only the fish they actually need, and
certainly no more than the daily allowable catch
following the guidelines for net fishining
observing the size limits sets for individual
species
carefully returning undersized fish back in
the sea
not discarding of waste and general refuse into
the sea
For further information, please contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office or visit
www.fish.govt.nz
79

Set net Code of Practice
A guide to good netting
Set netting is a commonly used fishing method
around the coast of New Zealand. To avoid
problems associated with set nets it is important
that the nets are used properly. Poor netting
practices can cause fish wastage, the bycatch of
unwanted fish species, lost or abandoned nets
which continue to fish, and, on rare occasions, a
catch of sea birds or marine mammals.
These problems can usually be avoided. The catch
and bycatch of set nets are determined mainly by
the design and construction (particularly the mesh
size) of the net, how it is set, and where it is set.
This set net code of practice is intended to
complement the existing law by encouraging fishers
to fish safely and competently.
Set net laws
Before you go fishing, you will need to know the
4 Each end of a net must have a surface buoy
permanently and legibly marked with the fisher’s
amateur fishing regulations. These are available free initials and surname.
1
2
3
of charge from your local Ministry of Fisheries office.
The main laws that apply nationally to recreational set
netting are:
Any net or nets used either individually or jointly
must not extend more than a quarter of the way
across any bay, channel, river, stream or sound.
Nets must not be set in a way that causes fish to be
stranded by the falling tide.
The use of stakes to secure nets is prohibited.
5
6
7
80
Set nets must not exceed 60 metres in length.
Only one set net (maximum 60 metres) and one
bait net (maximum 10 metres with a mesh size of
50 mm or less) can be carried on a boat at any one
time.
Nets must not be set within 60 metres of another
net.
An important point to note is that a set net
may not be used as a drag net if it exceeds
40 metres in length.

The net
Design and construction
Use the net properly designed for the fish you
are targeting.
There are correct net types to target each of the
major fish species that can be taken by set net.
For example, nets used in harbours and estuaries
to target mullet, flatfish, or herrings are usually
made of light materials, and an appropriate mesh
size for the species of fish. Mullet or flounder nets
should not be used outside harbours, estuaries, or
sheltered waters. Strongly constructed nets with
larger mesh are intended for more open, exposed
waters where fish are larger, and the use of nets
with a smaller mesh size may result in the capture
of fish which must be returned to the sea.
Minimum mesh sizes are regulated for each of the
major set net target fisheries based on the size,
biological characteristics, and shape of each fish
species. Consult your regional regulations to find
the correct mesh size for the species you wish to
target, and when purchasing a net make sure you
specify what species you will be fishing.
Features of a good net
81
Below are some general features of a good net. If
you are not familiar with set netting, please consult
an experienced net maker before purchasing
or constructing a net. When targeting species
that swim close to the bottom, such as flounder,
unwanted bycatch can be minimised by bagging
the net. To do this you should tie down the
floatline of the net to the lead line to a height of
approximately 30 cm at regular intervals along the
net. Alternatively, use low, loosely slung nets which
are made of light materials.
Anchors
Use anchors that are designed for the
conditions.
Concrete blocks, bricks, or sash weights will not
hold even in a moderate current and should never
be used in these conditions. The anchor bridle
should be weaker than all other ropes so that if it
becomes fouled, the anchor can break free from
the net. Some fishers find it helpful to use grapple
anchors with tines that can straighten and release
with a strong pull. Anchors should weigh about
1kg for each 10 metres of net, so that a 60 metre
net would have a 6 kg anchor at each end. Nets
cannot be staked.

Net construction
Use nets that can be easily retrieved.
A properly constructed net, if snagged, is easier
to recover. It is important that the buoy rope is
stronger than all the other ropes and is attached
directly to the bottom lead line. This is to ensure
that if the anchor or net is snagged, the buoy line
can be used to recover the net.
To avoid being caught or cut by a propeller, the
buoy rope should be made of sinking line or
weighted to hold it straight down. The buoy rope
can be more easily recovered if about 1 metre of
floating line and a small buoy are attached to the
main buoy.
Buoy ropes should be of sufficient length to cope
with variations in water depths due to tidal change
or swell. Ensure that you have sufficient length
of buoy line to recover your net if it is swept into
nearby deeper water.
Buoys
Use proper buoys.
Plastic bottles, oil cans, etc, are not suitable as they
can be easily damaged by the sun and sink. Use only
purpose-designed floats that can be clearly seen at a
distance. A buoy should be large enough to float on
the surface even in a strong tide, but not so buoyant
as to lift and move the net. Each end of a net must
have a surface buoy permanently and legibly marked
with the fisher’s initials and surname.
Setting the net
Set your net where it can safely fish and
be recovered
If you are unfamiliar with the area, seek the advice
of experienced local fishers. They will advise you
of the local characteristics of the area and any
potential problem areas for set netting. Stay near
the net (preferably within sight) so that you can
attend to it if conditions deteriorate.
82
Do not set your net in areas with fast currents, such
as the entrance to harbours, where your net could
be swept away. Where there is a moderate current,
set the net with, rather than against, the flow.
Always check the weather and tides before you set
your net.
Unexpected weather changes can make it unsafe or
impossible to retrieve your net. Do not set your net
if it is likely that a storm could occur which could
cause the net to be lost.
If you do not remain in attendance make sure that you
know and remember the exact location of your net.
Do not set your net in areas where there are large
amounts of weed, jellyfish, or logs floating in the
water. These can clog the net and result in it being
carried away by the tide.
Respect other people and wildlife
Do not set your net in boating channels or attach
it to navigation signs, beacons, or buoys. Avoid
sites commonly used for wind surfing or bathing.
Also, avoid setting your net in areas where marine
mammals and seabirds are present.
If you inadvertently catch wildlife in your net, you
should inform the staff at your local Ministry of
Fisheries office or the Department of Conservation.
Set your net below the low tide line
It is illegal to set a net where it can lie exposed and
stranded at low tide and it is also bad practice. Any
fish exposed to the air will quickly deteriorate or
be eaten by scavengers. Do not set your net in the
intertidal zone unless you remain in attendance of
the net or use a short soak time.
Avoid setting on reefs
In the northern areas of New Zealand, the odds are
high that you will lose or damage your net if you
set it over “foul ground” or rocky reefs (areas with
seaweed). Many of the reef species that may be
taken in these areas are not preferred eating and
may be wasted.

In southern areas, experience is essential before set
netting around rocky coastlines. In these places you
should set your net between the kelp and (as nearly
as possible) at right angles to the shore.
Be aware that certain reef fish, such as red
moki, are slow growing and live in the same area
throughout their life. A reef “stripped” of its resident
fish can take a long time to recover.
Fishing the net
Use the shortest net and largest mesh that is
practical.
The law defines the maximum length and the
minimum mesh sizes you can use for each type of
net. Larger meshes will allow a better escapement
of small juvenile fish and non-target species. Short
nets are easier to recover and, if properly set, can
be effective in catching fish. They also help to
ensure that you stay within your bag limit.
Stay near your net
Responsible set net fishers remain near the net
and check it at frequent intervals. If you are near
your net you are better able to respond quickly to
changing conditions. This is particularly important
when deteriorating weather and sea conditions
make it difficult to retrieve the net.
Short fishing times are better
Even if you are not staying near your net, you should
still check it at frequent intervals (hourly). Remove
your net entirely after the shortest practicable soak
time (3-4 hours). A short soak time reduces the
possibility of damage or waste to the fish caught.
There is also less chance of being caught out by the
weather. Unwanted or undersized fish and any birds
or marine mammals (which are rarely caught) have
a better chance of remaining alive and unharmed if
they are released carefully and soon after they are
caught.
83
Avoid overnight set netting in
certain areas
Avoid set netting overnight, especially in areas
where it is difficult to retrieve your net if conditions
deteriorate. There is a much greater risk of the loss
of nets and fish wastage during overnight setting
because of the long fishing times involved.
If you do fish in the dark, set the net for the shortest
practical period.
Recovering your net
Take care when hauling your net in your boat.
When retrieving your net do not wear loose clothing
with large buttons which will get caught up in the
net. Ensure that your boat has no projections that
could catch the net and cause a capsize even in a
slight swell. You should also haul (and set) your net
over the windward side of the boat and bow first.
These techniques will reduce the possibility of losing
control of the net or entangling the propeller.
Build up experience
Set your net with other experienced fishers.
Your set net practice will improve if you share
your knowledge of fishing practices with others.
Preferably fish with an experienced fisher at least a
year before you fish your own net.
Lost nets
Attempt to recover or report a lost net.
Lost nets usually roll up into a ball, but in some
circumstances they can continue to fish for an
extended period. Try to recover a lost net by grappling
for it with an anchor. If you are unsuccessful, take
bearings to remember the location or drop an anchor
buoy to accurately mark the spot.
Inform your local Ministry of Fisheries office about
the location of the lost net. Do not dive on the net
yourself as this can be very dangerous.

General netting restrictions
Maui’s dolphins are among the world’s rarest
The following dolphins. general They restrictions are a sub-species apply of in the all Hector’s areas:
dolphin species which is found only in New
> No person may set or possess more than one
Zealand waters. The Department of Conservation
set net.
classifies Maui’s dolphins as “nationally critical”.
> Any net or nets used either individually or jointly
Fishing is the greatest-known threat to Maui’s
must not extend across more than one-quarter
dolphins. They can become entangled in set nets
the width of any river, stream, channel, bay
and drift nets and drown.
or sound.
From 1 October 2008 there will be a prohibition
> No person may set or use a baited net.
on set nets and drift nets on the North Island west
> Set nets must not exceed 60 metres in length.
coast between Maunganui Bluff and Pariokariwa
> Set nets Point must to protect not be Maui’s set within dolphins. 60 metres This prohibition of
another adds net. to the one implemented in 2003.
> Each end of a set net must have a surface float
marker permanently and legibly with the fisher’s
initials New and surname. recreational Only set one net float prohibition is required
for fyke nets.
>
Set netting is prohibited between Maunganui Bluff north of Kaipara
Harbour and Pariokariwa Point north of New Plymouth – offshore to
Set nets must not be used in a way that causes
seven nautical miles.
fish to be stranded by the falling tide.
Set netting is prohibited at the entrance of the Kaipara, Manukau and
Raglan Harbours as well as at the Waikato River entrance.
There are other set net prohibitions and restrictions in the Auckland and
Kermadec Fishery Management Area and the Central Fishery Management
Area that are not to protect Maui’s dolphins.
Regional controls
Regulations You must relating check for to set the net mesh prohibitions size, and net restrictions size in and the area
where you plan to fish – before you go fishing.
net construction vary from region to region.
Go to fish.govt.nz or call your nearest Ministry of Fisheries office.
There are also specific areas closed to set netting in
A set net includes a gill net or other sort of net that acts by enmeshing,
each region. entrapping, or entangling fish; but does not include a fyke net or hïnaki.
Marine reserves, marine mammal sanctuaries and
areas protected under the Conservation Act are also
in place in many regions.
Set netting is prohibited in these areas.
There are specific areas closed to set netting to
protect Hectors and Maui’s Dolphins. Contact your
local Ministry of Fisheries office for details.
84
Set Net Ban Area
AUCKLAND/KERMADEC AND CENTRAL FishERY MANAGEMENT AREA
– set net prohibition maps
Set net prohibition between Maunganui Bluff and Pariokariwa Point
Set Net Ban Area
Important
Unless specified, the prohibition does not apply to rivers and harbours –
subject to any other fisheries restrictions, you can use set nets in these
areas inside a straight line joining the natural entrance points of the
waterway. The regulations define these points in some cases because they
are not always clear.

Taiapure Reserves – Local Fisheries
The intention of taiapure - local
fisheries is to set aside estuarine or
shoreline coastal fishing areas that have
customarily been of special significance
to any iwi or hapu as a source of food
(kaimoana), or for spiritual or cultural
reasons. These are the only purposes
under which taiapure - local fisheries
can be established.
85
This recognizes the role of iwi in managing certain
local fisheries.
Taiapure - local fisheries are intended to be managed
by local communities. If a proposal is approved, a
Management Committee, appointed by the Minister
of Fisheries, will be responsible for helping to advise
on the management and conservation of the area.
In the context of the Fisheries Act, taiapure - local
fisheries means a local fishery area in estuarine or
littoral coastal waters.
Generally, these waters can be described as
follows:
>
Estuarine waters - the waters in the tidal part of
the shore, a tidal channel or the tidal mouth of a
river where it nears the sea with a mix of fresh
water and salt (tidal) water.
> Littoral coastal waters - waters pertaining to
the shore of the sea, with the littoral zone lying
between high and low water marks.
In deciding whether to agree to a proposal in
principle, the Minister of Fisheries must have
regard to:
> The size of the fisheries area affected.
>
>
>
The impact on the general welfare of the
community in the vicinity.
The impact on persons with special interests in
the fishery.
The impact on fisheries management.
For further, detailed information on the location
of taiapure local fisheries and how they are
administered, please contact your nearest Ministry
of Fisheries office, or visit www.fish.govt.nz

Mataitai Reserves
Mataitai reserves are areas where tangata
whenua manage non-commercial fishing
through by-laws. Bylaws apply equally to all
individuals. Reserves can only be applied for
over traditional fishing grounds which are
of special significance to tangata whenua.
Generally, there is no commercial fishing
within these reserves.
The Minister of Fisheries will only approve a mataitai
reserve application when satisfied the following
criteria have been met:
>
>
>
>
>
>
A special relationship exists between tangata
whenua and the area of the proposed reserve.
The proposed reserve is a traditional fishing
ground.
The proposed reserve is of a size appropriate to
effective management by tangata whenua.
The general management aims are consistent
with the sustainable use of the fisheries
resources in the area.
The proposed mataitai reserve is not a marine
reserve.
The Minister and tangata whenua agree on
conditions to address the concerns of submitters.
And:
The Minister must also be satisfied the mataitai
reserve will not:
>
Unreasonably affect the ability of the local
community to take fish for non-commercial
purposes.
86
>
Prevent persons with a commercial interest in a
species from taking their quota or annual catch
entitlement within the quota management area
for that species.
> Unreasonably prevent persons with a commercial
fishing permit for a non-quota species from
taking fish within the Fishery Management Area
for which that permit has been used.
And in the North and Chatham Islands:
> Unreasonably prevent non-commercial fishers
from fishing within the quota or Fishery
Management Area for that species.
When an application for a mataitai reserve is
received, the Minister must publish full details of
the application twice in a newspaper circulating in
the area of the proposed reserve, inviting written
submissions on the application from the
local community.
On learning of any changes tangata whenua have
made to the application, the Minister must advertise
the finalized application and call for submissions
from persons having an interest in the species in
the area of the proposed mataitai reserve.
For further, detailed information on the location of
mataitai reserves and how they are administered,
please contact your nearest Ministry of Fisheries
office, or visit www.fish.govt.nz

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Customary Fishing
The Fisheries (Kaimoana Customary
Fishing) Regulations 1998, Fisheries
(South Island Customary Fishing)
Regulations 1999, and regulation 27A
of the Fisheries (Amateur Fishing)
Regulations 1986 provide the
legislative framework to manage
customary fishing.

What the customary fishing
regulations cover.
The regulations cover non-commercial fishing;
they do not provide for commercial fishing, nor do
they remove the right of tangata whenua to catch
recreational fish under the recreational fishing rules.
Anyone who is given permission to take fish under
the customary fishing regulations cannot trade the
fish, exchange the fish for money, or accept any
form of payment.
The kaimoana and South Island customary fishing
regulations also cover the establishment of mataitai
reserves. These reserves provide a tool for tangata
whenua to manage non-commercial fishing in their
traditional fishing grounds.
Regulation 27A
Regulation 27A of the Fisheries (Amateur Fishing)
Regulations 1986 provides for the taking of fish for
the purposes of a hui or tangi. Within the terms of
this regulation, hui and tangi have been interpreted
to mean specific traditional gatherings.
The regulation applies to all fish species managed
by the Ministry of Fisheries, including eel, but not
freshwater fish such as trout or whitebait that are
managed by other government agencies.
Subject to regulation 27A the Chief Executive of the
Ministry of Fisheries has made specific conditions
for the taking of fish (see the Ministry of Fisheries
brochure Interim Rules for Customary Fishing:
regulation 27A of the Fisheries (Amateur Fishing)
Regulations 1986.
89
When do the kaimoana and South Island
customary regulations apply?
The regulations only apply in an area when the
Minister responsible for the regulations has
confirmed Tangata Kaitiaki/Tiaki (or Tangata
Tiaki/Kaitiaki as appropriate) as notified by the
tangata whenua for that area. Unit that happens,
the only rule allowing the taking of fish for
customary purposes is regulation 27A of the
amateur fishing regulations (see the Ministry of
Fisheries brochure Interim Rules of Customary
Fishing: regulation 27A of the Fisheries (Amateur
Fishing) Regulations 1986.
Do the regulations apply to
freshwater fisheries?
The South Island and Kaimoana Customary Fishing
regulations both apply to freshwater species
managed under the Fisheries Act 1996. Species
such as whitebait and trout are managed under the
Conservation Act 1987.
For further information, please contact your
nearest Ministry of Fisheries office or visit
www.fish.govt.nz

Guidelines for blue cod fishing in the
Challenger Fishery Management Area (East)
Why do we need guidelines?
Blue cod is one of the most popular
species for recreational fishers in the
top of the South Island. Because of this
blue cod stocks are under great stress.
The problem is made worse because
many of the under-sized fish caught
while trying to catch ‘the big one’
die, even when they are returned to
the water.
We all need to protect the small fish because they
are the future breeding stock. If we reduce the
number of breeding fish there will be fewer fish
to replace those which are caught, and this would
mean a decline in the stocks of blue cod.
Here are a few handy hints on how you can enjoy
fishing for blue cod today and still help ensure
there is more left for tomorrow, and tomorrow, and
tomorrow!
Blue cod facts
Did you know that blue cod:
>
>
Are only found in New Zealand, where they are
more common the further south you go?
Can live 17 years, reach a length of 60 cm and
weigh up to 4 kgs? (Wouldn’t you like to catch
one of these?)
90
>
>
>
Begin spawning once they reach 20-25 cm
(3-5 years old)?
Are brown as juveniles? Around 20 cm they turn
a mottled grey and later on a green colour. Older
males are coloured blue which gives them their
name.
Can change sex from females to males?
How to fish for blue cod
Lines:
>
>
>
Use only enough line to reach the bottom - this
keeps tension on the line so you’ll know when
you’ve caught a fish
Use only one hook per line
Once you’ve ‘hooked’ a fish, check the line
immediately
Hooks
Hook type is important. Blue cod ‘bite’ the hook and
then ‘twist’. If hooks are swallowed, they are likely
to damage the throat or gills, which almost certainly
results in death. To improve survival, blue cod
should be hooked around the lips. To do this use:
>
Large hooks (size 6 and larger). This is most
important as large hooks catch fewer undersized
fish, are not easily swallowed, and still
catch the same number of legal size blue cod.

Recommended hooks are:
>
>
Wide gap hooks or circle hooks e.g. Kahle hooks.
Flasher rigs or jigs (one hook only).
To further reduce hook damage to under-sized fish
use:
> Barbless hooks. You can easily crimp the barbs
on ordinary hooks with pliers or file the barbs
off. Barbed hooks can tear the flesh when
being removed, which can lead to infection and
possibly death. Barbless hooks also add to the
sport of catching fish (but make sure you keep
tension on the line).
Make sure you know the fisheries regulations for
blue cod in the Challenger Fishery Management
Area (East):
> The minimum size limit is 30cm
>
>
>
>
The amateur daily bag limit is 3 blue cod per
person per day
Using under-sized fish for bait is illegal - they
should be returned to the water dead or alive
No fishing is permitted in Double Cove, the Long
Island Marine Reserve in Queen Charlotte Sound,
and the Tonga Island Marine Reserve
Returning to the sea previously caught dead fish
when bigger fish are caught is illegal.
For further information
If you require further information on fishing
regulations, or see someone breaking the
regulations, you can contact a Fisheries Officer:
Nelson - 118 Vickerman St, Nelson
(03) 548 1069
Blenheim Office - State Highway 1, Main Road
(03) 579 1088
91
IF YOU CATCH AN
UNDER-SIZED BLUE
COD, REMEMBER TO
DO THESE THINGS
Remove fish from the water only if you have to
Wear cotton or rubber gloves or at least wet
your hands
Lie fish on a soft wet surface if you need to
handle them out of the water
Minimise the time fish are out of the water
Remove the hook carefully from lip-hooked fish
Cut the line for gut-hooked fish
Return fish gently to the sea
PLEASE DO NOT
Hold fish by inserting your fingers inside the
gill covers
Poke or touch the eyes, and never hold fish by
the eye sockets
Use a ‘gob’ stick on fish you will release
Squeeze the gill covers or gut area hard
Lift fish by the tail as this can dislocate the
spine
Drop or place fish on a hot, dry deck or on
rocks
If you are on a jetty or the side of the boat is
too far above the water you can use a bucket
of water to lower the fish down. Another good
way is to use a length of wet PVC pipe.
Submerge one end and slide the fish down into
the water.
These methods are particularly useful when shags
are feeding nearby. By releasing under-sized blue cod
under the water you reduce their chances of being
eaten by shags.

Temporary
closures/method
restrictions
Temporary closures and method
restrictions are designed to assist,
protect and maintain our marine
resources.
The temporary closure provision of the Fisheries
Act seeks to do this by improving the availability or
size of fish in an area, or by recognizing customary
fishing practices. Temporary closures and method
restrictions are designed to help manage the
impact of commercial and recreational fishing on
customary practices.
Temporary closures/method restrictions
Section 186A of the Fisheries Act allows the
Minister of Fisheries (in the South Island and under
section 186B it is the Ministry’s Chief Executive)
to temporarily close an area to fishing, or to
temporarily restrict a method of fishing, to provide
for the use and management practices of tangata
whenua in the exercise of their non-commercial
fishing rights. Closures and restrictions assist in
improving the availability and size of fish in an area.
Temporary closures and method restrictions give
legal support to voluntary rahui (bans) that have
always been used by tangata whenua to manage
their fisheries. Section 186 is designed to respond
to local depletion of fisheries resources affecting the
ability of tangata whenua to catch fish for customary
purposes.
For further information, please contact your nearest
Ministry of Fisheries office or vist www.fish.govt.nz
Who would a temporary closure or
method restriction apply to?
Temporary closures and method restrictions are
made by either the Minister of Fisheries or the
Ministry’s Chief Executive and apply equally to
everyone, including customary, recreational and
commercial fishers. There are no exceptions to this
rule. Closures are not permanent, lasting no more
than two years, but have the potential for
two-year extension.
Who can ask for a temporary closure or
method restriction?
Anybody can suggest to the Ministry of Fisheries
that a temporary closure or method restriction
should be put in place. However, before closing
an area or restricting the use of a fishing method,
the Minister of Fisheries or the Ministry’s Chief
Executive must be satisfied the measure will help
tangata whenua exercise their non-commercial
fishing rights.
Is consultation required?
Yes. Before putting a temporary closure or method
restriction in place, either the Minister of Fisheries
or the Ministry’s Chief Executive must consult
with representatives of those that have an interest
in the fishery. This may include environmental,
commercial, recreational and local community
interests as well as tangata whenua.

Ministry of Fisheries Offices
Auckland Office
PO Box 19-747, Auckland 1746
608 Rosebank Road, Avondale, Auckland 1026
Phone: (09) 820 1990
Fax: (09) 820 1980
Blenheim Office
PO Box 1007, Blenheim 7240
State Highway 1, Main Road, Blenheim 7201
Phone: (03) 579 1088
Fax: (03) 579 5208
Chatham Islands Office
PO Box 72, Waitangi 8942
Phone: (03) 305 0004
Fax: (03) 305 0411
Christchurch Office
PO Box 8324, Christchurch 8440
Unit 2, 585 Wairakei Road, Christchurch 8024
Phone: (03) 339 3662
Fax: (03) 339 3667
Dunedin Office
Private Bag 1926, Dunedin 9054
1st Floor, 45 Filleul Street, Dunedin 9016
Phone: (03) 474 0333
Fax: (03) 474 2229
93
Gisborne Office
142 Peel Street, Gisborne 4010
Phone: (06) 869 0870
Fax: (06) 869 0871
Hamilton Office
Private Bag 3123, Hamilton
Ruakura Research Centre, East Street, Hamilton 3240
Phone: (07) 859 3126
Fax: (07) 859 3142
Head Office
PO Box 1020, Wellington 6140
ASB Bank House, 101-103 The Terrace,
Wellington 6011
Phone: (04) 470 2600
Fax: (04) 470 2601
Invercargill Office
PO Box 1065, Invercargill 9840
1st Floor, 137 Spey Street, Invercargill 9810
Phone: (03) 211 0060
Fax: (03) 2111 969
Kaitaia Office
PO Box 404, Kaitaia 0441
Braidwood House, 5 Allen Bell Drive, Kaitaia 0410
Phone: (09) 408 6024
Fax: (09) 408 6039

Masterton Office
75-77 Ngamutawa Road, Masterton 5810
PO Box 344, Masterton 5840
Phone: (06) 370-3590
Fax: (06) 370-3594
Napier Office
PO Box 12-034, Napier 4144
Waghorne Street, Ahuriri, Napier 4110
Phone: (06) 835 1065
Fax: (06) 831 0069
Nelson Office
Private Bag 14, Port Nelson, Nelson 7042
118 Vickerman Street, Port Nelson, Nelson 7010
Phone: (03) 548 1069
Fax: (03) 545 7767
New Plymouth Office
PO Box 344, New Plymouth 4340
Police Station, 31 Wynyard Street,
Bell Block, New Plymouth 4312
Phone: (06) 755 9311
Fax: (06) 755 9131
Opotiki Office
PO Box 65, Opotiki 3162
23 Church Street, Opotiki 3122
Phone: (07) 315 5232
Fax: (07) 315 6973
Tauranga Office
Private Bag 12031, Mt Maunganui 3143
11 Nikau Crescent, Mt Maunganui 3116
Phone: (07) 571 2820
Fax: (07) 571 2821
Wellington District Compliance Office
PO Box 38 090, Petone 5045
40 Bouverie Street, Petone 5012
Phone: (04) 576 8040
Fax: (04) 576 8041
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Whangarei Office
Private Bag 9013, Whangarei 0148
32 Herekino Street, Whangarei 0110
Phone: (09) 470 0580
Fax: (09) 470 0569
Whitianga Office
Private Box 267, Whitianga 3542
29 Moeurai Road, Whitianga 3591
Phone: (07) 866 0549
Fax: (07) 866 0546
Customary Fisheries Inquiries
Kaitiaki appointment or Mataitai applications
North: 0800 626 313
Central: 0800 313 626
South: (09) 474 0333
Internet
Homepage: www.fish.govt.nz
Email address: comms@fish.govt.nz
0800 4 POACHER
(0800 476 224 to report illegal poaching)

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