Catalytic Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable ...

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Chapter 6 CO2 for 24 h. RSC96 cells were seeded at 1.2 ×104 cells/well in 96-well plates and cultured for 24 h. Then the culture media were replaced by the polymer solutions at various diluted concentrations. After incubation for additional 24 h, 20 μL of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) solution (5 mg/mL) was added to each well. The plates were return to the incubator for a period of 4 h culture. The supernatant were then carefully removed from each well, and 200 μL DMSO was added to dissolve the MTT formazan crystals. The plate was incubated for an additional 10 min before the absorbance at 492 nm was recorded by an ELISA microplate reader (Bio-Rad). The cell viability (%) was calculated according to the following equation: Cell viability (%) = (Asample / Acontrol) × 100 (1) Where Asample was the absorbance of the polymers extracted solutions treated cells and Acontrol was the absorbance of the untreated cells. Each experiment was done in triplicate and repeated a minimum of three times. References 1. H. Nishide, K. Koshika, K. Oyaizu, Pure Appl. Chem. 2009, 81, 1961. 2. H. Nishide, K. Oyaizu, Science 2008, 319, 737. 3. K. Oyaizu, H. Nishide, Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 2339. 4. T. Suga, Y. J. Pu, K. Oyaizu, H. Nishide, Bull. Chem. Soc. of Jap. 2004, 77, (12), 2203-2204. 5. M. D. Lang, C. C. Chu, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 2001, 39, 4214. 6. G. Jokhadze, M. Machaidze, H. Panosyan, C. C. Chu, R. Katsarava, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 2007, 18, 411. 7. L. Li, C. C. Chu, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 2009, 20, 341. 8. Z. Zhelev, R. Bakalova, I. Aoki, K. Matsumoto, V. Gadjeva, K. Anzai, I. Kanno, Mol Pharm 2009, 6, 504. 9. Z. Zhelev, R. Bakalova, I. Aoki, K. Matsumoto, V. Gadjeva, K. Anzai, I. Kanno, Chem. Commun. 2009, 1, 53. 10. Z. Zhelev, R. Bakalova, I. Aoki, K. I. Matsumoto, V. Gadjeva, K. Anzai, I. Kanno, Mol. Pharmacol. 2009. 11. C. S. Winalski, S. Shortkroff, R. V. Mulkern, E. Schneider, G. M. Rosen, Magn. Reson. ‐ 126 ‐
Med. 2002, 48, 965. Synthesis of Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymers of Acrylamide, Lactate, and Ethyleneoxide 12. Y. Huang, A. J. Nan, G. M. Rosen, C. S. Winalski, E. Schneider, P. Tsai, H. Ghandehari, Macromol. Biosci. 2003, 3, 647. 13. Y.Sato, H. Hayashi, M. Okazaki, M. Aso, S. Karasawa, S. Ueki, H. Suemune, N. Koga, Magn. Reson. Chem. 2008, 46, 1055. 14. H. Hayashi, S. Karasawa, A. Tanaka, K. Odoi, K. Chikama, H. Kuribayashi, N. Koga, Magn. Reson. Chem. 2009, 47, 201. 15. L. J. Berliner, V. Khramtsov, H. Fujii, T. L. Clanton, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2001, 30, 489. 16.G. L. He, Y. M. Deng, H. H. Li, P. Kuppusamy, J. L. Zweier, Magn. Reson. Med. 2002, 47, 571. 17. B. P. Soule, F. Hyodo, K. Matsumoto, N. L. Simone, J. A. Cook, M. C. Krishna, J. B. Mitchell, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2007, 42, 1632. 18. T. Yoshitomi, D. Miyamoto, Y. Nagasaki, Biomacromolecules 2009, 10, 569. 19. T. Yoshitomi, R. Suzuki, T. Mamiya, H. Matsui, A. Hirayama, Y. Nagasaki, Bioconjug. Chem. 2009, 20, 1792. 20. K. Takechi, H. Tamura, K. Yamaoka, H. Sakurai, Free Radic. Res. 1997, 26, 483. 21. H. T. Duong, T. U. Ngayen, M. H. Stenzel, Polym. Chem. 2010, 1, 171. 22. J. Fuchs, N. Groth, T. Herrling, G. Zimmer, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1997, 22, 967. 23. J. Trnka, F. H. Blaikie, R. A. J. Smith, Murphy, M. P., Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2008, 44, 1406. 24. E. Yoshida, T. Tanaka, Colloid Polym. Sci. 2006, 285, 135. 25. E. Yoshida, T. Tanaka, Colloid Polym. Sci. 2008, 286, 827. 26. Y. Mitsukami, M. S. Donovan, A. B. Lowe, C. L. McCormick, Macromolecules 2001, 34, 2248. 27. K. Koshika, Waseda University PhD. Thesis. 2009. ‐ 127 ‐
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Catalytic Synthesis and Characteriz
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Preface Biodegradable polyesters ha
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Chapter 3 Polymerization of Lactic
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Chapter 1 Polymerization and Applic
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- 3 - Polymerization and Applicatio
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1.2.2 Aluminum Catalysts - 7 - Poly
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1.3 Polylactide 1.3.1 Introduction
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- 13 - Polymerization and Applicati
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1.3.4 Application of PLA Figure 1.3
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1.5.1.4 Polyaniline (PANi) - 21 - P
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1.6.1 Radical Polymers for Organic
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initialization of the device by app
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1.6.2.4 Others - 49 - Polymerizatio
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182. R. B. Weller, J. Invest. Derma
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Chapter 2 Synthesis and Electrochem
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Synthesis and Electrochemistry of S
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Chapter 3 3.1 Introduction Poly(lac
Page 86 and 87: Chapter 3 polydispersity index (PDI
Page 88 and 89: Chapter 3 aluminum based complexes
Page 90 and 91: Chapter 3 3.5 Conclusions Co(III) c
Page 92 and 93: Chapter 3 22. Z. H. Tang, X. S. Che
Page 94 and 95: Chapter 4 4.1 Introduction Stimulus
Page 96 and 97: Chapter 4 the proton of methenyl gr
Page 98 and 99: Chapter 4 attributed to the amide g
Page 100 and 101: Chapter 4 4.4 Thermal Properties Th
Page 102 and 103: Chapter 4 Figure 4.8 MTT assay for
Page 104 and 105: Chapter 4 The 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR
Page 106 and 107: Chapter 4 Cell viability (%) = (Asa
Page 109 and 110: Chapter 5 Synthesis of Triblock Cop
Page 111 and 112: 5.2 Synthesis of Triblock Copolymer
Page 113 and 114: Sample Table 1. Feed and result com
Page 115 and 116: = 25 μm. B: MTT assay for the cyto
Page 117 and 118: ‐ 109 ‐ Synthesis of Triblock C
Page 119: ‐ 111 ‐ Synthesis of Triblock C
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 6 6.1 Introduction Since th
Page 126 and 127: Chapter 6 6.3 Synthesis of MPEG-b-P
Page 128 and 129: Chapter 6 used to characterize the
Page 130 and 131: Chapter 6 Figure 6.6 Cyclic voltamm
Page 132 and 133: Chapter 6 vivo cytotoxicity was als
Page 134 and 135: Chapter 6 NMR. Characterization of
Page 141 and 142: Chapter 7 Conclusion and Future Pro
Page 143 and 144: ‐ 131 ‐ Conclusion and Future P
Page 145 and 146: ‐ 133 ‐ Conclusion and Future P
Page 147 and 148: 13. Xuan Pang, Xuesi Chen, Xiuli Zh
Page 149: Acknowledgments The present thesis
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