the united republic of tanzania health sector hiv and aids strategic plan
the united republic of tanzania health sector hiv and aids strategic plan the united republic of tanzania health sector hiv and aids strategic plan
Challenges Aspects Challenges for other vulnerable groups Availability • Inadequate data on the characteristics, risk taking behaviours, magnitude, socialeconomic- situation of vulnerable populations • Lack of policy issues for these groups (since they are largely marginalized and discriminated in society, their behaviors are not legal and they are subjected to criminal prosecution) Equitable • Inability to access various services due to perceived socially and legally unacceptable access behaviours Quality • Poor coordination mechanism among implementers of vulnerable Population activities • Lack of standardized guidelines for training on HIV issues to vulnerable populations Equity, Gender and sustainability considerations Most sex workers are in this occupation due to economic and social constraints. For some reason, stigmatization of sex work does not extend to the customers who in most cases are males. For substance abusers females are more vulnerable than males due to multiple partners and forced sex. Strategic objective To contribute to the reduction of risk of HIV infection among vulnerable population groups. Strategies Develop effective HIV risk reduction interventions for vulnerable populations including IDUs Establish partnership with appropriate stakeholders Targets Contribute to the reduction of new HIV infections among the vulnerable populations Harm reduction for injecting drug users, focusing on risk reduction information and education Joint planning and implementation of HIV interventions targeting vulnerable groups with key stakeholders at all levels Indicators % of regions and districts with IEC and BCC interventions targeting vulnerable populations % of HIV infection among IVDUs HIV interventions integrated into programming for vulnerable populations at all levels Key implementers MoHSW, Private hospitals, RHMTs, CHMTs, Drug Commission, Academic Institutions Intervention area 6: Prevention services for people living with HIV and AIDS (positive prevention and stigma reduction Preamble Positive prevention aims at assisting people with HIV to take measures that avoid exposing others to infection as well as avoiding re-infection xvii . Re-infection has a negative impact on disease pathogenesis. If preventive measures are not undertaken by PLHIV, infection may be transmitted to others including discordant couples. Data from Tanzania (2003/2004) revealed that up to 8% of couples in the country have discordant HIV sero-status xviii . This calls for the need to promote positive prevention. Situation analysis Achievement More people accessing HIV Counseling and Testing Services Free HIV care and treatment services offered to eligible PLHIV National umbrella/apex organization for PLHIV established 32 |FINAL COMBINED-HSHSP 2008-2012: June 24 th 2007
Challenges Aspects Challenges for positive prevention for PLHIV and stigma reduction Availability • Inadequate meaningful engagement and involvement of PLHIV for Positive Prevention. Equitable access • Some of PLHIV are not volunteering to disclose their HIV sero-status because of stigma • Some cultural practices (like inheritance of widows) promote high risk behaviour Quality • Several PHLA groups are poorly organized and weak Equity, Gender and sustainability considerations Two thirds of people accessing CTC services are women suggesting a need to identify reasons for low male involvement. Strategic Objective To reduce the risk of PLHIV getting re-infection or infecting others from HIV Strategies Encourage meaningful involvement of PLHIV at all level Support individually focused health promotion to enhance disclosure of HIV positive status Targets National guidelines for meaningful involvement of PLHIV (MIPA) developed Public disclosure of HIV sero-status by champions of change Indicators % of PHLAs participating in positive prevention activities % of PHLAs and other actors with National guidelines for MIPA Number of champions of change who have publicly disclosed Key implementers PLHIV, SHIDEPHA+, WAMATA, TANOPHA, MoHSW 33 |FINAL COMBINED-HSHSP 2008-2012: June 24 th 2007
- Page 1 and 2: FINAL DRAFT 24 th JUNE 2007 THE UNI
- Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENT Abbreviations and
- Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5 |FINAL COMBINED-
- Page 7 and 8: National HIV and AIDS Priority Inte
- Page 9 and 10: 3.3. IEC and BCC and Stigma reducti
- Page 11 and 12: Financing the Health sector respons
- Page 13 and 14: 1.1.3. Geographic and administrativ
- Page 15 and 16: 1.1.6.2. Gender and HIV and AIDS It
- Page 17 and 18: Human resource The country is facin
- Page 19 and 20: 1.2.3.2. Financial Contributions to
- Page 21 and 22: Decentralisation: Devolution of key
- Page 23 and 24: Achievements Currently 659 sites (
- Page 25 and 26: Indicators Number of health instit
- Page 27 and 28: Key implementers Referral, regiona
- Page 29 and 30: Indicator % of blood units transfu
- Page 31: etween older males and girls. On th
- Page 35 and 36: Aspects Challenges for Facility Bas
- Page 37 and 38: Key implementers MoHSW, Private ho
- Page 39 and 40: ased care services Establish mecha
- Page 41 and 42: Challenges Aspects Challenges for L
- Page 43 and 44: Emerging Issues Private for profit
- Page 45 and 46: B. Information Education and Commun
- Page 47 and 48: Challenges Aspects Challenges in Co
- Page 49 and 50: delivery of all health programmes-
- Page 51 and 52: o Coordinate partnerships between e
- Page 53 and 54: Pharmacovigilance and quality assur
- Page 55 and 56: o The tendency of recruitment of st
- Page 57 and 58: Availability of annual, midterm and
- Page 59 and 60: Key Implementers MoHSW, Academic I
- Page 61 and 62: 3.0. SECTION THREE IMPLEMENTATION F
- Page 63 and 64: plan for districts. Rather the acti
- Page 65 and 66: The Table 14 below shows the trend
- Page 67 and 68: Given the findings discussed above
- Page 69 and 70: Monitoring Depending on the type an
- Page 71 and 72: “Mkukuta Based MDGs Costings for
- Page 73 and 74: ANNEX 2: FRAMEWORK FOR TARGET SETTI
- Page 75 and 76: ANNEX 3: ORGANOGRAM OF MINSTRY OF H
- Page 77 and 78: Strategy 4: Improve programme manag
- Page 79 and 80: Intervention Area 3a: Prevention of
- Page 81 and 82: Intervention Area 4a: Vulnerable Po
Challenges<br />
Aspects Challenges for o<strong>the</strong>r vulnerable groups<br />
Availability • Inadequate data on <strong>the</strong> characteristics, risk taking behaviours, magnitude, socialeconomic-<br />
situation <strong>of</strong> vulnerable populations<br />
• Lack <strong>of</strong> policy issues for <strong>the</strong>se groups (since <strong>the</strong>y are largely marginalized <strong>and</strong><br />
discriminated in society, <strong>the</strong>ir behaviors are not legal <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>y are subjected to<br />
criminal prosecution)<br />
Equitable • Inability to access various services due to perceived socially <strong>and</strong> legally unacceptable<br />
access<br />
behaviours<br />
Quality • Poor coordination mechanism among implementers <strong>of</strong> vulnerable Population activities<br />
• Lack <strong>of</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ardized guidelines for training on HIV issues to vulnerable populations<br />
Equity, Gender <strong>and</strong> sustainability considerations<br />
Most sex workers are in this occupation due to economic <strong>and</strong> social constraints. For some reason,<br />
stigmatization <strong>of</strong> sex work does not extend to <strong>the</strong> customers who in most cases are males.<br />
For substance abusers females are more vulnerable than males due to multiple partners <strong>and</strong> forced sex.<br />
Strategic objective<br />
To contribute to <strong>the</strong> reduction <strong>of</strong> risk <strong>of</strong> HIV infection among vulnerable population groups.<br />
Strategies<br />
Develop effective HIV risk reduction interventions for vulnerable populations including IDUs<br />
Establish partnership with appropriate stakeholders<br />
Targets<br />
Contribute to <strong>the</strong> reduction <strong>of</strong> new HIV infections among <strong>the</strong> vulnerable populations<br />
Harm reduction for injecting drug users, focusing on risk reduction information <strong>and</strong> education<br />
Joint <strong>plan</strong>ning <strong>and</strong> implementation <strong>of</strong> HIV interventions targeting vulnerable groups with key<br />
stakeholders at all levels<br />
Indicators<br />
% <strong>of</strong> regions <strong>and</strong> districts with IEC <strong>and</strong> BCC interventions targeting vulnerable populations<br />
% <strong>of</strong> HIV infection among IVDUs<br />
HIV interventions integrated into programming for vulnerable populations at all levels<br />
Key implementers<br />
MoHSW, Private hospitals, RHMTs, CHMTs, Drug Commission, Academic Institutions<br />
Intervention area 6: Prevention services for people living with HIV <strong>and</strong> AIDS (positive prevention<br />
<strong>and</strong> stigma reduction<br />
Preamble<br />
Positive prevention aims at assisting people with HIV to take measures that avoid exposing o<strong>the</strong>rs to<br />
infection as well as avoiding re-infection xvii . Re-infection has a negative impact on disease pathogenesis. If<br />
preventive measures are not undertaken by PLHIV, infection may be transmitted to o<strong>the</strong>rs including<br />
discordant couples. Data from Tanzania (2003/2004) revealed that up to 8% <strong>of</strong> couples in <strong>the</strong> country have<br />
discordant HIV sero-status xviii . This calls for <strong>the</strong> need to promote positive prevention.<br />
Situation analysis<br />
Achievement<br />
More people accessing HIV Counseling <strong>and</strong> Testing Services<br />
Free HIV care <strong>and</strong> treatment services <strong>of</strong>fered to eligible PLHIV<br />
National umbrella/apex organization for PLHIV established<br />
32 |FINAL COMBINED-HSHSP 2008-2012: June 24 th 2007
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