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TCS‘s History – First fruits of ―Comprehensive Rationalism‖ At present, India has several hundreds of big and small IT companies, but except TCS, most of them were established during the 1980s. Even from amongst these, a large number were started by persons who had worked under Mr. Kohli in TCS. TCS, for sure, has been the true pioneer of the Indian IT industry both in name and reality. Dawn of TCS: 1960s ~ 70s While talking to Mr. Kohli and referring to the conversation I had with others in TCS, I obtained a lot of valuable information that will not be found in any book and, more importantly, I got to know about the history of TCS first-hand. Mr. Kohli was born on February 28, 1924, in the Punjab region of the present Pakistan. At that time, both India and Pakistan were still under the British rule and were not partitioned. Graduating with brilliant results from Punjab University, Mr. Kohli went to Canada‘s Queen‘s University on a national scholarship and, in 1948, received a degree in Electronics Engineering. Since India and Pakistan were partitioned while he was studying abroad, his parents were forced to migrate from their hometown in Punjab to India. After obtaining his degree, Mr. Kohli worked for about a year in a power company in Canada. After that, he obtained his Master‘s degree in Electrical Technology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and learnt control technology of power generation, which was the cutting-edge field at that time. That area of specialization had started at MIT, and ―the teaching staff was very good,‖ he recollected. He returned to India in 1951 and worked for Tata Power. In other words, he basically specialized in power and aspired to become a competent engineer, but in the 1960s, he reached a turning point of his life. In 1964, in other words, four years before TCS was established, a mainframe computer was imported at the Tata‘s fundamental research laboratory in Mumbai. Mr. Kohli instantly and instinctively thought that if they did research on this new machine called computer, it could be used for electrical power systems. He put this into practice; by 1968, he utilized it for various stages of operations at the Tata Power Company. Both for hydroelectric and thermal power plants, Mr. Kohli used a digital, and not an analog, 12
computer. This implementation was well ahead of the times and digital computers were introduced in India even before the United Kingdom, Japan, France, and Germany. In America, only four companies were using digital computers. I enquired with Tokyo Electric Power Company, but, as I expected, there was no trace of thinking of introducing digital computers in the 1960s for hydroelectric or thermal power plants. Clear Vision and Will In this way, as a power specialist, Mr. Kohli‘s excellent record of utilizing computers became a business opportunity. When India‘s first IT company—TCS--was launched in the Tata Head Office, he was welcomed as its first General Manager. Until today, Mr. Kohli feels proud to be a power engineer, but at that time, he was also strongly attracted to the computer which was the first of its kind in that era. TCS started with an employee strength of less than 10 and did payroll jobs and card punching for companies within the Tata Group. In 1969, TCS received an order from an external company for the first time. It was to build the interbank reconciliation system for India‘s Central Bank, and by gaining the trust through its success in this venture, it soon received similar orders from 14 other banks. Further, it also began to receive orders from government institutions and telephone companies. But all of these jobs required low technological skills and Mr. Kohli felt the need to feed higher level technological capabilities, but those technologies did not exist within India. When only one company had surfaced on the Indian IT horizon, Mr. Kohli had the clear vision ―to bring about an industrial revolution through IT‖. In spite of a strong will, serious problems came in the way of the actual implementation of his vision. To begin with, the Indian Government was not in favor of introducing computers in the country. They believed that computerization would aggravate the serious unemployment problem. Thus, for over a decade since TCS‘s establishment, progress on the computerization front was at a snail‘s pace. ―At that time, India‘s controlled economy was, needless to say, strict and in order to import computers, it used to take two years for procedures within India and one year for procedures within America, the source for import. In that period, the model ordered initially would disappear and the Government would ask the model names to be 13
Page 1 and 2: About this article Tata Consultancy
Page 3 and 4: Since TCS does not deal much in har
Page 5 and 6: Council, which is under the direct
Page 7 and 8: not be able to distinguish between
Page 9 and 10: quality products, was way ahead of
Page 11: Tata clan. In 1917, when JRD Tata w
Page 15 and 16: That became an opportunity and Burr
Page 17 and 18: involved with the Department of Ene
Page 19 and 20: ‗Standardization‖ of Software D
Page 21 and 22: Application of Manufacturing Philos
Page 23 and 24: various aspects of an enterprise‘
Page 25 and 26: country. No matter where they are a
Page 27 and 28: approach, as mentioned earlier, und
Page 29 and 30: ceremony, highlighting the manageme
Page 31 and 32: Incidentally, TBEM is based on the
Page 33 and 34: out business. That tradition cannot

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