TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Symposium 1 - the National Sea ...

disease. We need to create environmentally secure production systems that reduce the
risk of contamination that may threaten livestock or the safety of the final consumer.
Summary
In contrast to more familiar areas of aquaculture research or business activity (such as
nutrition, reproduction, product quality, business planning) sustainability and
environmental compatibility have no dedicated or easily defined base. However it is
possible to address well-recognized issues, of economically critical importance in the near
term, and with substantial scope for research opportunity. Many in the industry would not
make a distinction between sustainability and environmental compatibility. Even recent
texts on sustainable agriculture suggest that aquaculture is sustainable just by its practice
alone. Recent experience provides evidence to the contrary. Aquaculture growth has
been historically driven by product demand and then by production profits. To continue
development, it is increasingly clear that we must move past solely production profit
criteria and toward sustainable aquaculture concepts
Acknowledgments
This material is based upon work supported by the USDA, Agriculture Research Service,
under Agreement No. 59-1931-8-038. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or
recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not
necessarily reflect the view of the USDA or other funding agency.
References
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sustainability.” World Aquaculture 27(2): 24-26.
Anon. 1995. "Federal aquaculture development strategy." Ottawa, Canada: Department of
Fisheries and Oceans.
Avery, D. T. 1999. "The Moral Imperative of Biotechnology." American Outlook.
Summer:13-14.
Avery, D. T. 1999. "We Are All Environmentalists Now." American Outlook. Summer:
35-37.
Bergheim, A., R. Kristiansen, et al. 1993. "Treatment and utilization of sludge from
landbased farms for salmon." Techniques for Modern Aquaculture, Spokane, WA, ASAE
Boyd, C. E. and C. S. Tucker. 1995. “Sustainability of channel catfish farming.” World
Aquaculture 26(3):45-53.
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