TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Symposium 1 - the National Sea ...

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It needs to be pointed out that the Michaelis-Menten model is only valid for steady-state biofilms. In order to evaluate a zero-order reaction due to substrate saturation, the microorganism concentration must be constant throughout the range of substrates. Since separate reactors cannot contain equal active biomass concentrations under different substrate concentrations, rate data must be normalized using the maximum rate for each reactor (Tanaka and Dunn, 1982). TAN removal rate (mg/m 2 /day) 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Mean value 2020 S/(1.8+S) 0 4 8 12 16 TAN concentration (mg/l) Figure 3 Relationship between nitrogen removal rate and TAN concentration obtained from the reactor series at 20°C. Diamond points and error bars indicate mean values and standard deviations (n=18). A similar relationship was demonstrated in the 10 °C experiment (Figure 4), and a similar equation can be obtained (equation 7). S μ 10 = 1948 * ( ) (7) 2. 1 + S Apparently, the temperature effects on nitrification rates did not produce a pronounced difference between the kinetic constants in equations 6 and 7. Experimental error and dissolved oxygen limitations could explain why the temperature effect on substrate utilization was unsubstantial. Increased percentage error in analysis below 2 mg/l subjected removal rate calculations to more error than at high concentrations. Therefore, temperature effects were difficult to distinguish below 2 mg/l when ammonia is the limiting substrate. When ammonia removal rate calculations became more accurate at high ammonia concentrations, oxygen became the limiting substrate. The removal rate of ammonia at 20 °C might be almost twice the rate at 10 °C, but the ammonia removal rates appear equal because of the limited oxygen supply. Equations (6) and (7) can be used only for estimating nitrification potentials. The actual nitrification rate in a commercial facility is often much lower than that predicted using 5
these equations. Concentrations of organics, total suspended solids and variations in operating conditions contribute to the lower nitrification rates in these facilities. Fig. 4 Relationship between nitrogen removal rate and TAN concentration for the reactor series operated at 10°C. Diamond points and error bars indicate mean values and standard deviations (n=13). BOD Impact In order to explore the effects of BOD5 on ammonia removal rate, sucrose was added to the ammonia feed solution at a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 2. The impact of BOD5 competition on nitrification is clearly demonstrated in Figure 5. Reactor 1 had the highest organic concentrations that allowed heterotrophic growth to dominate the biofilm surface. Due to the quick growth of heterotrophic bacteria, the biofilm growth in the first two reactors was visually distinguishable from that in the remaining reactors. The TAN Removal Rate (mg m -2 d -1 ) 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 TAN removal rate (mg/m 2 /day) 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1 2 3 4 5 Reactor Number Mean value 1948 S/(2.1+S) 0 4 8 12 16 TAN concentration (mg/l) Figure 5 TAN Removal Rates in Series Reactor with adding sucrose 6
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TABLE OF CONTENTS i Pages Symposium
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iii Pages Production of YY Male Til
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v Pages Special Session 2 - Volunte
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into the grow-out tanks. The airlif
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one above the other, reducing the
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nutritional requirements of summer
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Pump Functions The AMI Multi-Functi
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Introduction Commercial Application
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System Performance: Nine of these r
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electrical costs reduced by more th
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Nitrate, as the final product of th
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Culture conditions On August 1, 199
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surface area 740 m 2 /m 3 ). The co
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achieved a 750 mg/l decline in the
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ecomes possible without water repla
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tropical countries for tropical fis
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fastest absorption of nutrients fro
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Recirculation System Design; The KI
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The Japanese Aquaculture Market and
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Entrepreneurial and Economic Issues
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Our largest error though was in not
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Before You Invest. In my role as a
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are 590,000 kg/year. Prices, deprec
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Twenty-One Years of Commercial Reci
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have projects in the planning stage
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As the upward trend for seafood dem
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and the World Health Organization (
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Abstract not available at time of p
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increase the potential for bottlene
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Figure 1: Comparison of First, Seco
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Ecological and Resource Recovery Ap
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is widespr
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and the polyphenol content (Northup
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References CAST. 1996. Integrated A
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Tilapia and Fish Wastewater Charact
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In comparison of gravity separation
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NY DEC Interaction. The owners of F
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O 2 Feed CO 2 Ammonia Figure 1. Gen
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The Hatchery The hatchery supports
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in crayfish populations, disappeara
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Table 2. Summary of average flows a
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depth decreases. Improvements in tr
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Perspective on the Role of Governme
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unprecedented in the growth of a ne
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with siting and the special equipme
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disease. We need to create environm
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Introduction Implications of Total
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The NOAA/DOC Aquaculture Initiative
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Future Directions for the NOAA/DOC
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’ Conduct research and help devel
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Information sources for aquaculture
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Tilapia is an important fish specie
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To determine the RSE of the examine
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Fig.1(a) Typical integrated olfacto
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Table 1. Relative stimulatory effic
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feeder control algorithms on a PC s
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Durant, M. D., Summerfelt, S. T., H
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The Effects of Ultraviolet Filtrati
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Table 1. The mean (N = 20) initial
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Introduction Evaluation of UV Disin
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Figure 1 Schematic of the experimen
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Table 1 Summary of the tested resul
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similar disinfection efficiency. Th
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(2) UV254 transmittance was an impo
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Materials and Method Schematic draw
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the amount of added increase by pro
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Oxygen Management at a Commercial R
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the outlet and inlet DO concentrati
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daylight hours averaged 0.5 kg DO/k
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At this time, the control (both tan
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yellow color, while the water in th
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Case Study: Genetic improvement of
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and human effort. This commitment m
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- Harold Kincaid works for the US F
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Figure 1. Production and selection
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Performance Comparison of Geographi
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Abstract Issues in the Commercializ
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The Salmon Example Salmon farming i
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Second, as the salmon farming indus
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Devlin, R.H., Yesaki, T.Y., Biagi,
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Introduction Removal of Protein and
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higher superficial air velocity gre
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Hydrodynamics in the ‘Cornell-Typ
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The ideal mean residence time was a
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A sample pellet-flushing test is sh
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tank’s dead time. When fish were
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Partial-Reuse Systems Ideally, the
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Figure 1. The partial-recirculating
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Table 1. Mean values (± standard e
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dioxide (1) and un-ionized ammonia
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Comparative Growth of All-Female Ve
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Effects of Temperature and Feeding
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aquaculture systems, where the envi
Page 188 and 189: Figure 2. Growth relationships of y
Page 190 and 191: greater than the desired temperatur
Page 192 and 193: Figure 3. Cumulative feed consumpti
Page 194 and 195: 35 days into the experiment, and th
Page 196 and 197: C. Maximum specific feed consumptio
Page 198 and 199: of the fish used in this experiment
Page 200 and 201: Coche, A.G. Cage culture of tilapia
Page 202 and 203: Predictive Computer Modeling of Gro
Page 204 and 205: new studies begun. Daily water qual
Page 206 and 207: Development Rationale for the Use o
Page 208 and 209: Further, reduction in operating cos
Page 210 and 211: The operation of the MRBF is domina
Page 212 and 213: equired a high frequency of washing
Page 214 and 215: Several dramatically different hull
Page 216 and 217: support airlift applications. These
Page 218 and 219: Enhancing Nitrification in Propelle
Page 220 and 221: The last filter media used in this
Page 222 and 223: Table 2. Water quality analyses wer
Page 224 and 225: 1193.67 g-NO2 m -3 d -1 with the ni
Page 226 and 227: Biofilters Used in Recirculating Fi
Page 228 and 229: The Cyclone Sand Biofilter: A New D
Page 230 and 231: Marine Biotech (Beverly, MA) 2 has
Page 232 and 233: 120.0% 100.0% 80.0% 60.0% 40.0% 20.
Page 234 and 235: Nitrification Potential and Oxygen
Page 236 and 237: diffused aeration. The experiments
Page 240 and 241: ammonia removal rate was low in the
Page 242 and 243: Tanaka, H. and Dunn, I. 1982. Kinet
Page 244 and 245: Ammonia removal activity was increa
Page 246 and 247: Ammonia Conc. (mg/NH 4 + -N/L) 12 1
Page 248 and 249: Antifouling Sensors and Systems for
Page 250 and 251: The Vic Thomas Striped Bass Hatcher
Page 252 and 253: Introduction In the Central Valley
Page 254 and 255: Each of the two recirculation syste
Page 256 and 257: Body injury rates (% of fish) to th
Page 258 and 259: usiness expectations and limited te
Page 260 and 261: needs of the endemic Murray-Darling
Page 262 and 263: sold (Gooley et al. 1999). The dist
Page 264 and 265: In response to the large levels of
Page 266 and 267: planning at the outset will, more t
Page 268 and 269: Table 1 Summaries of selected speci
Page 270 and 271: a) Photo courtesy of Neil Armstrong
Page 272 and 273: Information flow 1. Initial concept
Page 274 and 275: achieve continuous production, faci
Page 276 and 277: Solids Removal (9.71%) Electricity
Page 278 and 279: The Effect of Fish Biomass and Deni
Page 280 and 281: Marine Denitrification of Denitrifi
Page 282 and 283: (a) (b) (c) Nitrate conc. (mg NO 3
Page 284 and 285: 6. Poxton, M. G. and S. R. Allouse.
Page 286 and 287: control unit. Two distinct advantag
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the many variables that are involve
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Filtration Recirculation systems re
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6. AERATION DEVICE: 6” airstones
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Piper, R.G., I.B. McElwain, L.E. Or
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carried out for both the 50 m 3 and
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possible to predict mean monthly ta
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Recirculation Systems for Farming E
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of this pilot-system will be evalua
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Figure 2. The main screen of the en
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What: What is your business structu
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should more than offset the costs o
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• Any other documents indicating
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production projects. Once these par
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A single discharge pipe works to re
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1. Oxygen recharge rates or the abi
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2.9.1.2. Measure ammonia. 2.9.1.3.
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Discharge pipe Number used within e
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Previous efforts by the Illinois De
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media. The water enters the filter
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Table 3: Summary of pro forma cash
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References Moss, S.M. (1999) “Bio
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Propagation and Culture of Endanger
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at a rate of 2 ft 3 /kg feed/d. Sod
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Modification of D-Ended Tanks for F
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MATERIALS AND METHODS All tests wer
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The single 100 ppm hydrogen peroxid
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The Potential for the Presence of B
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The main advantage for microorganis
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organism causes disease in humans,
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Bacteria No. of Facilities No. of D
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Assanta, M.A., Roy, D. and Montpeti
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Jones, K. and Bradshaw, S.B. (1996)
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Wilderer, P.A. and Characklis, W.G.
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systems (Egusa, 1981; Mellergaard a
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ecirculating system after mortality
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Fish Health Monitoring and Maintena
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disease problems. For tilapia, a sp
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The Role of Fish Density in Infecti
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This apparent interaction between t
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References Banks, J.L. (1994) Racew
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