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2.2.3 The facilitation of collaborative stakeholders One of the key requirements for the success of such a process is ensuring that a broad range of stakeholders representing diverse sectors in the city is involved. There are a number of reasons why the collaboration of stakeholders is so important. Only visions developed in a process involving representatives of all sectors are seen as common visions, and therefore, having a greater chance of being implemented. The involvement of stakeholders, who will be charged with the implementation of the vision, helps to create a feeling of ownership. The Prospective Through Scenarios methodology provides a platform for discussion about the future of a given city and its region, and enables stakeholders to find a common language and shared platform for talking and acting in a concerted manner. One of the initial steps for each gateway was the identification of three or four local champions. It is crucial for the project to gain the trust and support of local leaders, and for them to develop a good understanding of the aims of the exercise and the methodology. This was achieved in collaboration with the Urban Forum. Having ‘local champions’ on board helped to raise local interest in the project and foster participation. The representatives of the sectors listed below in Figure 5 were identified and invited to participate in the study. local and regional government community groups architects, planners and engineers business community developers politicians media education, health and justice Figure 5: Sectors invited to participate in the study. 38 religion and arts Expert facilitation of the workshops is one of the key conditions in ensuring continuity, consistency and a uniform structure in developing visions for the different city-regions participating in the project. Experience gathered through previous projects shows that the level of expert facilitation can contribute significantly to the success or failure of such a project. The Futures Academy facilitators orchestrated the workshops and conducted strategic interviews. The facilitators were not only the experts in the application of the Prospective Through Scenarios methodology, but also had an extensive knowledge of issues related to urban futures. Their knowledge of the examined problem was important in ensuring that none of the important trends and aspects were overlooked throughout the project.
3 CHANGING IRELAND – THE CONTEXT “Continuous discontinuity, constant change, is our shared condition.” (Zygmunt Bauman, 2002) Since the start of the 1990s, Ireland has experienced an unprecedented era of growth and has undergone profound transformations in all areas of life. The transition from being a poor nation on the periphery of Europe with a weak economy and soaring unemployment, to a country with high economic growth, full employment, continued population growth and generally regarded as being a ‘success model’ for the new EU member countries can be attributed to an interaction of various internal and external factors. Of particular note, however, was Ireland’s laissez-faire approach to industrial policy during a period of global economic restructuring (O’Hagan, 1995). The economic transformation, largely based on the pursuit of the high-tech FDI development model, resulted in the formation of new spatial and social realities – a new geography of Ireland. In this chapter, under three headings: places, people and potential, an attempt is made to depict some of the pieces of the complex puzzle that Ireland became and provide a broader context for its journey into the future. 3.1 Places This section discusses the most recent developments in concepts and theories in economic geography, reviews the evolution of past spatial policies and patterns in Ireland, and finally, it explores the current spatial trends in the European Union and Ireland. 3.1.1 Space and Economy Local and regional development has become an increasingly important activity for governments at all levels across the world since the 1960s and 1970s. In parallel, the context for local and regional development has been dramatically transformed by the changing patterns of economic activity, and become far more challenging. The economic system has grown to be more internationalised, knowledge intensive and competitive. Its contemporary global form is characterised, among other things, by a deepened unevenness in the prospects for development for particular social groups and territories, and clearer geographical inequalities in prosperity and well-being. At both global and national scales only a limited number of localities and regions seem to be reaping the benefits arising from new opportunities provided by the processes of globalisation. In general, successful regions tend to be those that have something distinctive to offer to markets that expand beyond the traditional realm of the local and regional spheres. Pike, Rodriguez-Pose & Tomaney (2006) have identified three types of ‘winning regions’. Large metropolitan regions. Large urban agglomerations attract many high value-added service activities, such as business, financial, real estate and insurance services, as well as the headquarters of corporations (Taylor & Walker 2001). The economies of agglomeration derived from such concentration of production factors, in consequence, draw research and development, and design activities (Scott & Storper 2003). 39
Page 1: TWICE THE SIZE? IMAGINEERING THE FU
Page 4 and 5: The Urban Forum is an initiative of
Page 6 and 7: F O R E W O R D, by Professor John
Page 8 and 9: The most profound shift that will o
Page 10 and 11: TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents
Page 12 and 13: LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Traditional
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Page 16 and 17: Scenarios for Ireland in 2030 “Th
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Page 23 and 24: PART I: Introduction, Methodology a
Page 25 and 26: 1.3 Outcomes Figure 1: National Spa
Page 27 and 28: 2 METHODOLOGY 2.1 The Need for a Fu
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Page 33 and 34: D i a g n o s i s P r o g n o s i s
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Page 37: epresenting different sectors, orga
Page 41 and 42: transport connections, Ireland as a
Page 43 and 44: the provisions of the DTS were not
Page 45 and 46: In addition to these key objectives
Page 47 and 48: an ad-hoc manner. In particular, th
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Page 51 and 52: Gateway City/Town 2002 Population 2
Page 53 and 54: Counties (…) Population Share of
Page 55 and 56: Gateway FUR Population Size Ranking
Page 57 and 58: On the basis of the survey, Ingleha
Page 59 and 60: Political implications Since the fo
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Page 65: PART II EXPLORING THE FUTURE 65
Page 68 and 69: today. The future was a given, and
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Page 72 and 73: Prospects for Ireland Changes in th
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Page 86 and 87: Global Context The ten most signifi
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3. By international standards the a
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15. The intensification of agricult
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7. Demands for greater scrutiny, tr
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sector up the value chain; promote
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6. The field of synthetic biology w
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9. With the onset of e-governance,
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5 SCENARIO LOGICS Analysis of the d
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world leader in software solutions
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In the context of health, it is unw
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High land prices and generally infl
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Similarly, little thought is given
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SCENARIO 2: WILD CATS OF EQUALITY
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and, as a result, substantial progr
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than two thirds of all weddings are
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increased the power of local govern
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had to submit an annual recycling p
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SCENARIO 3: THE FRAGILITY OF MÉ F
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Preoccupied with security issues, p
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Places Ireland is one of few Europe
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But all has not been good news. To
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PROSPECTS Ireland takes a lead in
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130
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ail and road connections between Du
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Box 2 - The Gateways Population Sto
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Another important point of attentio
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9.2 Policy Actions and Recommendati
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Built and Natural Environment High
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A radical rethinking of the Nationa
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A. CORK MAIN DRIVING FORCES OF CHAN
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campaign put Cork on the global map
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SCENARIO 2: Nero (National scenario
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palpable shift in Cork from the “
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in the knowledge economy and as a
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But by 2020 when climatic change ha
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FUTURE SCENARIOS FOR DUNDALK SCENAR
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SCENARIO 2: The Pearl of the East (
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centres and high quality rural hint
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decades had facilitated the emergen
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FUTURE SCENARIOS FOR GALWAY SCENARI
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Also, tourism and heritage is a ver
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Other features of the campus includ
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SCENARIO 3: The Fairest County of t
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Re: the fairest county of them all
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D. LETTERKENNY MAIN DRIVING FORCES
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Letterkenny is a relatively late bl
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implementation of the Derry Donegal
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of this success by restoring compet
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process, which they believe will br
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E. LIMERICK MAIN DRIVING FORCES OF
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new city treatment works. Over the
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Following the elimination of the co
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The completion of the Orbital route
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FUTURE SCENARIOS FOR MIDLANDS SCENA
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of the regional government led by a
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In fact, NSS II designated most of
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SCENARIO 3: And the Winner is … (
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esearch centre to investigate a pos
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FUTURE SCENARIOS FOR SLIGO SCENARIO
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SCENARIO 2: Healthy, Wealthy and Wi
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egion, facilitated by the REPS Orga
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The region’s economy has also bee
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FUTURE SCENARIOS FOR WATERFORD SCEN
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SCENARIO 2: The ‘Super-Rural’ R
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SCENARIO 3: A Tale of Two Cities (N
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References: Bannon, M. (1989) Plann
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Serra, J. (2001) Territorial Foresi
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226
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Conor Healy Cork Chamber of Commerc
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Martina Moloney Louth County Manage
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Appendix 2 LIST OF WORKSHOPS NATION
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