framework for the implementation of a virtual design studio model in ...

assessment. These elements wrapped up by technology are sufficient
in delivering a useful framework that addresses socio-cultural factors for
easier and successful integration.
9.5.1 Recommendation 1: Integration Policy and Support Services
9.5.1.1 Support
In his book „Gods of Managements‟, Charles Handy 329 classified four
types of management styles that he represented by Greek Athenian
ancient gods named respectively: „Apollo; Zeus; Athena; and Dionysus‟.
In his classification Handy described how each culture of work practice
preferred to operate and the specific management style of each culture.
The following figure shows the different cultures
Figure 9.3: Gods of Management according to Charles Handy
On the other hand, Geert Hofstede 330 classified the cultures by
dominating factors when he created his indicators of power. These
domination factors measure to what extent each culture is dominated by
the factors he proposed. The four major factors according to Hofstede
are: power, uncertainty, masculinity, and individualism. According to
Handy‟s classification of power of managements, Hofstede‟s indicators
could be represented in relation to Handy‟s gods of management as
shown in Figure 9.4.
328 Young, B. (2005).op.cit. p294.
329 Handy, C. (2009). op.cit. p12.
330 Hofstede G. (2001). op.cit. p28.
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