XIX Sympozjum Srodowiskowe PTZE - materialy.pdf
XIX Sympozjum Srodowiskowe PTZE - materialy.pdf XIX Sympozjum Srodowiskowe PTZE - materialy.pdf
XIX Sympozjum PTZE, Worliny 2009 Przeprowadzono dwa półgodzinne cykle pomiarowe. W obu cyklach dokonywano pomiaru temperatury ucha uczestnika eksperymentu (rys. 1). 37,0°C 21,0°C 35 30 25 20 Rys. 1. Ustawienie próby i przykładowe wyniki Przyrost temperatury w przypadku prowadzenia rozmowy różnił się w sposób znikomy od tego, który zaistniał podczas symulacji rozmowy. Spostrzeżenie to pozwala na wysunięcie wniosku, ze nagrzewanie ucha wynika z innych przyczyn aniżeli pole elektromagnetyczne, nie jest objawem swoistym (Tab. 1). Przeprowadzono też pomiar nagrzewania się samego telefonu komórkowego w trakcie działania – przyczyną zaobserwowanego wzrostu temperatury okazał się przepływ prądu zasilania. Badania, których wyniki są komentowane w niniejszej pracy mogą być uznane za pilotażowe, ponieważ nie zostały zabezpieczone wszystkie procedury kontrolne. Dalsze badania będą prowadzone. Tab. 1. Przyrosty temperatury Próba z rozmową Próba bez rozmowy Czas (minuty) Temperatura (stopnie Celsjusza) czas (minuty) Temperatura (stopnie Celsjusza) 0 36,0 0 35,6 5 36,0 5 35,4 10 36,1 10 35,6 15 36,2 15 35,7 20 36.6 20 36,0 25 36,8 25 36,0 30 36,9 30 36.2
XIX Sympozjum PTZE, Worliny 2009 DUSTY PLASMA IN SPACE, LABORATORY AND INDUSTRY Barbara Atamaniuk, Andrzej J. Turski Space Research Center, PAS, Bartycka 18A, 00-716, Warsaw, Poland Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, PAS, Świętokrzyska 21, 00-049 Warsaw, Poland batama@ippt.gov.pl , aturski@ippt.gov.pl Dusty plasmas have become a topic of great interest because they give an excellent tool for exploring many of the fundamental assumptions used in plasma physics. A dusty plasma is collection of solid objects with diameters ranging from a few nanometers to a few micrometers immersed in a plasma consisting of electrons, ions, and neutrals. Most often, these small objects or dust particles are electrically charged. They exist naturally in space: in the low Earth orbit region, planetary rings, comet tails, and in planetary nebulae. From its early beginnings with observations of astrophysical phenomena, this area of plasma physics research has grown to encompass industrial plasma, space plasma, and basic plasma issues ranging from strongly coupled systems, to transport, to waves and instabilities. In the laboratory, experiments have evolved from observations of the behavior of the microparticles in the plasma to direct manipulation of the microparticles and use of the microparticles themselves for plasma diagnosis. Electrical charge accumulation on the surface of an insulating particle is the basic mechanism by which particle matter interacts with plasma. In the space environment, this charge accumulates via photoionization, secondary electron emission due to impacts with energetic particles, and collisions with the background thermal plasma. For the laboratory experiments on dusty plasmas, the principle charging mechanism will be the flux of charged particles from the plasma to dust particles residing on a plasma-exposed surface. In this presentation we make brief overview: of dusty plasma: – what is a dusty plasma and where are they found – Basic processes in dusty plasmas – Waves and instabilities in dusty plasma. 21
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<strong>XIX</strong> <strong>Sympozjum</strong> <strong>PTZE</strong>, Worliny 2009<br />
DUSTY PLASMA IN SPACE,<br />
LABORATORY AND INDUSTRY<br />
Barbara Atamaniuk, Andrzej J. Turski<br />
Space Research Center, PAS, Bartycka 18A, 00-716, Warsaw, Poland<br />
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, PAS, Świętokrzyska 21, 00-049 Warsaw, Poland<br />
batama@ippt.gov.pl , aturski@ippt.gov.pl<br />
Dusty plasmas have become a topic of great interest because they give an excellent tool for<br />
exploring many of the fundamental assumptions used in plasma physics. A dusty plasma is<br />
collection of solid objects with diameters ranging from a few nanometers to a few<br />
micrometers immersed in a plasma consisting of electrons, ions, and neutrals. Most often,<br />
these small objects or dust particles are electrically charged. They exist naturally in space: in<br />
the low Earth orbit region, planetary rings, comet tails, and in planetary nebulae. From its<br />
early beginnings with observations of astrophysical phenomena, this area of plasma physics<br />
research has grown to encompass industrial plasma, space plasma, and basic plasma issues<br />
ranging from strongly coupled systems, to transport, to waves and instabilities. In the<br />
laboratory, experiments have evolved from observations of the behavior of the microparticles<br />
in the plasma to direct manipulation of the microparticles and use of the microparticles<br />
themselves for plasma diagnosis.<br />
Electrical charge accumulation on the surface of an insulating particle is the basic mechanism<br />
by which particle matter interacts with plasma. In the space environment, this charge<br />
accumulates via photoionization, secondary electron emission due to impacts with energetic<br />
particles, and collisions with the background thermal plasma. For the laboratory experiments<br />
on dusty plasmas, the principle charging mechanism will be the flux of charged particles from<br />
the plasma to dust particles residing on a plasma-exposed surface.<br />
In this presentation we make brief overview: of dusty plasma:<br />
– what is a dusty plasma and where are they found<br />
– Basic processes in dusty plasmas<br />
– Waves and instabilities in dusty plasma.<br />
21
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