You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
the vGry larB6 shd ablc compantes that comptlEe<br />
tho outomoblle lnduEtry c&n Bcctlerato<br />
the development of safety devlces. Thi collBborRtlen<br />
euthorlzrd<br />
pftal, however, frAy<br />
by the Indu8try pro-<br />
well have a brakh8<br />
etrect upoh the developmont ol ialety devlct!.<br />
For errmple, Bectlon 102(c) (3) sould authorlte<br />
thc automoblle mEnulecturer! tO<br />
agret to Cffiply voluntarlly Elth Btf,ndardr<br />
propoEed to the<br />
tho goverrnent<br />
Sftretary<br />
ado'pted<br />
or VEBC<br />
dtsnd&dc,<br />
belorr<br />
Thc<br />
dcn8er tn ellowtng thr manulactuferr to<br />
E8ree on mlnlhuh stindards lA that ln prMtlce<br />
th6c st<strong>and</strong>ardt ml8ht well bG rtgsdcd<br />
by the lhdustry d cbrotutf BtRndBrdr, whlcb<br />
ara not to be exceeded. NOr ls lt clff Fhy<br />
lSleohents arG nccsrary ln thl. esa, If.<br />
havin8 pfdp@ed s rtsndafd, cmpBnl!. unllatorally<br />
determlnc thrt publlc oplnlon roqulre8<br />
thst thEy comply wlth or erced th|t<br />
st<strong>and</strong>ud,<br />
thrcEt.<br />
ffitltrut lt&btltty lE hot a rcrl<br />
S€cond, rfttlon 103(c) would Euthortfi tb6<br />
mnulacturil!<br />
',ln<br />
to wmk Jolntly drlgrtng,<br />
teltlng, rnd produclbg motor vGhlclt d mo.<br />
tor vcblclo equlpmcnt" lor th6 purpo8c ol<br />
devrloplng, Gvf,luatlhg or mhplyth8 stttrl<br />
propfrcd lt<strong>and</strong>sdr, EoEG ol thb iattgtty<br />
ml8ht weU r8lh ErlNr problGEr uDdGt thr<br />
mtltrust letHuch<br />
motff tehlclei to<br />
u JolEt productloD o(<br />
COHply rlth ploFtrrrl<br />
EtEhdErdFlD ?llftt r pEttal mc?g6t ln u<br />
tndurtfy Eh6ady chrrfctettEed by artraEr<br />
conClntlftlOn,<br />
Oh thc other hMd, oth.r actlflty covcrcd<br />
by the provlslon, Auclr M Jotnt t6tlng ol<br />
new aalcty devlcen, would hot trdlhFlly rrld<br />
antltrut problem!. Ttro poltrt lr, hffiilGr,<br />
that ln ED lndurtry ol ro lcw p#tlclpontr,<br />
oBch ol whlch tr B lar86 cofporrtlon rlth<br />
rub.tBntlal rdoufdct, th6 volld nsd ltr col.<br />
l*botatlve Ectton, wcl8hed Bg8lnrt th6 lflrlble<br />
ftdverBe conarqurncct of Buch cothbontlu,<br />
docr not *ment uy<br />
Iroffi ndlnuy rntltrurt<br />
rptrltl prot$Hon<br />
pllnclpld. guch<br />
prlnclplrr ar; not undrily fb-htbttln$ th6y<br />
do not thr6Ete to lmprdc proBTM tn th!<br />
d6vrlopmrnt ol ralc RrE. Thr lrcdry dffttlhG<br />
afroid! ffiplo rl]{m lor contultsuon tmong<br />
thc comp*nl6 lh tnvoklnf th6 govcmmfntd<br />
Frtrel8d- Conlultatlotr vlth thr Antltrut<br />
Dlvt6lon under thr Butlnftr R€vlcw Fe.dure<br />
can aEtute thi lndurtry dl tho 88lcty<br />
trom antltrust prflftUtloh ol any collabontlvc.fiort.<br />
Althou8h thc lndurtry ffiendEGnt Euld<br />
provtde thrt tho Et4tute *ould trot Mkd<br />
lawlul Enythln8 other$Iso lorbtddGn t'y thc<br />
antltrurt law4, Euch lengue8r lr [ot ffi adcquntc<br />
adlo8usd. In a rule ol r.Elon rltuitlon<br />
I court could not h.lp but bG rficctrd<br />
to r('he crtent by the lact that thr tt8tutr<br />
rxpltcltly authffil# ssd encoufaBB c@iErstlon<br />
ln thc productlon of hotor vohlclcs Md<br />
equlpmcht. Elmu8rly, thG Court could [Ot<br />
help but be lmpresed by thr lact thst th6<br />
atAtute euthorlm! End encoungd thc heffi.<br />
ber8 ot the lnduEtty to agrec to comply wlth<br />
thr at<strong>and</strong>srd! they Eo propfllng rvcn brltrc<br />
th6rG ttahdsdt are adoptad. Il. s nry rGll<br />
be the cec, mst ol the Entlirust probled<br />
rBhed by guch collcctlve Ectlon ErG not ol<br />
e ptr rc v$l.ty, thG fact of lcElEletlve outhorlatlon<br />
rnd encouraBement sould undoubtrdly<br />
sfiEt A court'r dlApnltlon ol tho Ettl$uc,<br />
despltG eny expllclt dttclslhGf. At<br />
thtr potnt, tt l| Dot at ill clcu lffi 6tthd<br />
a competltlve or B talcty potnt ol vlcw that<br />
tblE tlDG ol colleboratlvt<br />
or wlAe.<br />
efioft Is ccrcntlal<br />
(4) The lf,dirtqropttota St8r'd'dtilr ol Juttlclol<br />
RcvlEE: Ttrc lnduEtry propoEl would<br />
mBre villoug Emendmenb<br />
ctal r.vlow ol acilon tslren<br />
rEtattng to Judl-<br />
by the Eecrettrry<br />
<strong>and</strong> the prfteduc to b6 fouffird by thc<br />
E6crGtsry. th!!G fficndmentr ue cohtotned<br />
ln propffed srctlou lol(t) Md 10S-<br />
Thr lndustry ptop$hl would fficnd lEtlon<br />
loglB) (s) to ruhtttutG a Etr rt4Ed|fd<br />
'tor<br />
ludtctel revte\i ot dctGrmlhatldiE md6<br />
Fy the <strong>Sec</strong>retery. Under th6 AdhlnlstrEtlon<br />
bul flndlngs of the gecrGttry s to IetE, ll<br />
supported by subBhntlal cvtdence, would<br />
bC concluslve. l'he lnduEtry propffiEl<br />
provldeE thot llndlngB ol th6 8€cretsry wtth<br />
fttpect to qu€tlon8 q! lmt<br />
"Ehall<br />
be EuEtslned<br />
lf based upoD a lalr Cvelu8tton ol the<br />
cntlre record ol the proceedlDgE on whlcb. tho<br />
Eecretiry bsed ht8 order."<br />
thls DoW EtendBtd lor Judlclal revlev tepresentr<br />
an attempt to obiAln B lorm ol trl[l<br />
dE lovo ln th€ courB ot Appeals. whtch<br />
would revlew the ordcr8 of the S€crettrry.<br />
Such r6vl6w would bo lDapproprlete snd<br />
rltrcmely burdGnromo on tho Courtg ol Ap-<br />
Frls, whlch<br />
detethlsstlobs<br />
Es accurtomed<br />
ol lact utrrlgt<br />
to rGvlcwln8<br />
a "Eubstanl,tBl<br />
Gvldince" tat, TtlG l&tt r tfft lr tb. oD6<br />
g.nctrlly conralncal ls rtrtutor provldtbg tor<br />
court fGvlew ol dGcldonl or orderr ol r€BulBtory<br />
a{icrrclei. 8.Gr e.g- l6 u.a.c- ll(o)<br />
end 16 U.S.C.8g6(l), rrlrilnE to mC shd<br />
I'PO orders. WG EGG no rcMon vhy tlmllil<br />
lBtr8uage sheuld not br uBed hcro.<br />
ThE lndurtry ptopflEl Would f,lfd sfrcnd<br />
rmtlon 108(a) (3) to provtdr rpscttlc authort-<br />
Btlon to the revlcutnE court b ttAy tho<br />
ord6r ol thE Eccretily lsndln8 flnBl d6tGrmlnlrtlon<br />
of ths revlow pftrEedlngs, Bnd<br />
would h8ks Jurl8dlctloA lh thll rfip4t, S<br />
well trE td lfirg1 61 modlly th6 Bccrehry'a<br />
order, elclu6lve. ThlE fficndment &am8 UndtBlrablo<br />
tn two re8pftts, Irlr8t. thc apftlac<br />
authorl4tlon tO the revlewll)g court tO stAy<br />
thB 8*fetsry'a order lE unn&&Bry, st[E<br />
ruch powGr, Eubj*t to rpproFrtats lhltstlon8,<br />
tr elrcAdy gtven to the tevtewtng court<br />
urd8r EGctlou lo(d) of tn6 A.PA Act {6 U.8.C.<br />
1000(d) )- Wl)lle<br />
utory suthorl4tlou<br />
th6 lndustry Fropsed rtat,<br />
Ir unn6c66aary. lt Elght<br />
Elso have il1e undG8lrable efitrt ot reEovtnE<br />
th6 llmtttrtlons on thc iEwer to gtst stoys<br />
(onislned ln Eectlon l0(d). rlncr thu6 llmlbtloE<br />
aro trot contrlard ln thG proDfred<br />
rtatutoly Emendment, 6le@nd, by m8tlng<br />
thc court'a JUrtEdlctIoD td rtay th6 BeCt6taryt<br />
tAIa<br />
order ercluElv€,<br />
away the power<br />
thls pfdvt8lon Elght<br />
Vhloh tb6 Eecretlry<br />
otlErwlse would heve undol tccilon lo(d)<br />
to pcilsne the ellecuve date ol tcilou t8teD<br />
by htm pcndlaB Judlclsl revlew. It rs pfobebly<br />
doSlrabls thEt the 8sr.t{Fy rststn thl,r<br />
power,<br />
A+cilor 103 (e) (8) wauld E)Eo b6 MeDded<br />
by the lndustry propm8l to provtdG thAt,<br />
".fhe Court shB.ll not EustelD thG otder ol th6<br />
gecrctsry lf hG lctled to @Hply s,tth 4r!/<br />
requlrement lm[x]Bed upon htm by Eecuoa<br />
101." SccUeD 10(e) ot ths ApA Act proyld;r<br />
thAt the revlewlnB cout ahall hold uDlawful<br />
<strong>and</strong> Eet oslde 8{ency scilon whtcb || not ln<br />
"obrtrva[co<br />
ol ptfteduro rGqulrGd by lBw,,'<br />
Ttre lndusrry provt8ton Etght lnyBlld&ta uuoD<br />
ot the SrcrotaFy t8k6n lE tubstsEtfd<br />
compllance nlth thG rpGcltr.d prffirtura but<br />
$lth lome Erlnol deflcl€ncy ndt pltjudtcl4l<br />
to Eny party, phereil th6 proyulon ot ths<br />
A.PA-Act would not- Acstrdtngly, vr oppss<br />
Ell tne trmenqmeub whlch the lndutry propsill<br />
would nal(G to rfiuon 109(f ) (A).<br />
ThG hduotry propoisJ would alm provtdr<br />
tn rectloh 103(1) that thn BocletBry r'rbdl<br />
bse sach auch order upotr a lElr 6vBluriloD<br />
ol tlre eltltE record *hlch lS bGlor0 hlh<br />
purEuurrt to ruch t*tlon 4, <strong>and</strong> ha rhall rot<br />
todh ln ruch dder fl[dlnBr ol tact <strong>and</strong> coDclurlonF<br />
oD Bll reltvant m&tteH."<br />
Thlr MindmcEt |. undcslr8blc. B.ilU!<br />
ol ltl retsrGnce to r reord Ud iDdlnE ol<br />
lact, lt may b. lntsDd€d to r.qurre tba-Eacret$y<br />
tO conduct A lomal Adlrdl&tOttl pr*<br />
condlhE, ln accord8ncd wltb Ecctlon8 ? md I<br />
ot rhG ApA Acr (5 u"a.o. 1006, r0o?), rrthsf<br />
th4b a 7ilIc mdktng pHedlDS. T.lte tulo<br />
mBhlDg prfteGdlDg aFpareDtly It contffiplsted<br />
by thr AdElDtstrauon btu, rtsco tbo<br />
Ercrltuy b authortted to prffiul8Etc rtsDdsdr<br />
ln occordane wltJr ffiilon I ol tbd AFA<br />
VoI.I<br />
lWB
Change language