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P.L.A.Y.<br />

(Performance = Literature + Art + You)<br />

Student Matinee Series<br />

By Thornton Wilder<br />

Directed by Mark Cuddy<br />

Sponsored by<br />

Student Matinee<br />

2006-2007


Table of<br />

Contents<br />

Setting . . . . . . . . 3<br />

Synopsis . . . . . . . 3<br />

About the<br />

Playwright . . . . . . 4<br />

Theatrical<br />

Archaeology . . . . 5<br />

Wilder’s <strong>Theatre</strong>: In<br />

His Own Words . . 6<br />

Wilder’s <strong>Theatre</strong>:<br />

At <strong>Geva</strong> . . . . . . . 7<br />

Redefining<br />

Community . . . . . 8<br />

Further<br />

Explorations . . . 10<br />

Dear Educators,<br />

<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> is an enduring American classic, a play that has been performed<br />

worldwide in theatres, community groups and schools in every<br />

decade since its premiere. It’s tempting to think of it as “dangerously”<br />

classic: a piece we stamp as one of those familiar, earnest and<br />

accessible works we already know and know well. But what makes it a<br />

classic, and why is our interest renewed?<br />

“Do I believe in it?” While reading about <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> I’ve been struck by<br />

the recurrence of this phrase. In one of Thornton Wilder’s letters<br />

describing his progress writing the play and the “difficult cactus-spined”<br />

third act, he asks himself “First of all: do I believe it?” In Thornton<br />

Wilder’s final script we hear, “But you believe in it, don’t you?” and “Do<br />

I believe in it? I don’t know.”<br />

While few if any since Wilder have called the play “cactus-spined,” it is<br />

valuable to remember that <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> is universal and accessible, but<br />

also challenging. The play takes the time to exmaine the familiar in<br />

order to provoke essential, unanswerable questions. If we – students,<br />

teachers, artists, audience and community – slow down to “look at<br />

everything hard enough,” we can connect with much more than our<br />

daily routines. I hope that this play can start that process for your<br />

classroom.<br />

As always, please contact our Education Department with any questions<br />

about the play’s content or context, classroom workshops, talkbacks,<br />

artist visits or curriculum connections. I also encourage you and your<br />

students to share your thoughts, questions, and responses after your<br />

visit to <strong>Geva</strong>. We look forward to sharing <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> with you.<br />

Sincerely,<br />

Kathryn Moroney<br />

Associate Director of Education<br />

From the Albert R. Stone Negative Collection, Rochester Museum & Science Center<br />

“Do any human beings ever realize life<br />

while they live it?- Every, every minute?”<br />

Emily Webb<br />

2<br />

Cast of<br />

Characters<br />

Stage Manager<br />

Dr. Gibbs<br />

Joe Crowell<br />

Howie Newsome<br />

Mrs. Gibbs<br />

Mrs. Webb<br />

George Gibbs<br />

Rebecca Gibbs<br />

Wally Webb<br />

Emily Webb<br />

Professor Willard<br />

Mr. Webb<br />

Man in the Balcony<br />

Man in the<br />

Auditorium<br />

Lady in the Box<br />

Simon Stimson<br />

Mrs. Soames<br />

Constable Warren<br />

Si Crowell<br />

Baseball Players<br />

Sam Craig<br />

Joe Stoddard<br />

Assistant Stage<br />

Managers<br />

People of the <strong>Town</strong>


3<br />

If you were<br />

the tour<br />

guide for your<br />

neighborhood,<br />

what would<br />

you show to<br />

visitors? What<br />

are the popular<br />

destinations?<br />

What are<br />

the historic<br />

landmarks?<br />

What locations<br />

are important<br />

to understand<br />

daily life?<br />

Pick a birthday<br />

you would like<br />

to revisit. Why<br />

would you<br />

choose that<br />

year? How<br />

do you think<br />

your perspective<br />

on that day<br />

would be<br />

different now<br />

than it was at<br />

the time?<br />

Setting<br />

The fictional town of Grover’s Corners, New<br />

Hampshire, is based in part on Peterborough,<br />

New Hampshire, where Wilder spent several<br />

summers at the MacDowell Colony. He had<br />

previously used the name for an Ohio town in<br />

his short play Pullman Car Hiawatha. The<br />

coordinates given by the Stage Manager,<br />

“Latitude 42 degrees 40 minutes; Longitude<br />

70 degrees 37 minutes,” actually place the<br />

town off the coast of Cape Cod in the Atlantic<br />

Ocean. Wilder ensured that Grover’s Corners<br />

could not be pinpointed as an existing city,<br />

but is truly “our town,” created as much in<br />

the mind of the audience as in his own.<br />

Synopsis<br />

The first act begins on May 7, 1901, just before dawn. Establishing<br />

the layout of the town, the Stage Manager focuses on the homes<br />

of the Gibbs and Webb families. As the day unfolds we hear bits<br />

of gossip and news about Grover’s Corners. By the second act, the<br />

Stage Manager tells us that "Nature's been pushing and<br />

contriving," and many young people in town are planning<br />

weddings - George Gibbs and Emily Webb among them. It's July<br />

7, 1904, just after high school commencement. Over breakfast Dr.<br />

and Mrs. Gibbs fret that George may not be old enough for<br />

marriage, and they reminisce about their own wedding day. The<br />

Stage Manager takes us back one year to visit a pivotal exchange<br />

between Emily and George when they both realize how much<br />

they care about each other. The second act ends as George and<br />

Emily run up the aisle as husband and wife. The stage changes for<br />

the final act, with rows of chairs representing graves in the<br />

cemetery. Among the dead are several characters introduced in<br />

the previous acts. It's nine years later, the summer of 1913. Emily<br />

has just died in childbirth, and at first she begs for the chance to<br />

revisit her life. She chooses to relive the morning of her twelfth<br />

birthday, but finds it unbearable to see how little her family<br />

appreciated the life they had. Emily says goodbye to Earth and<br />

watches as George grieves at her grave. The Stage Manager<br />

announces that almost everyone is asleep in Grover's Corners. He<br />

takes one final look at the stars and wishes us a good rest, too.<br />

On the wedding<br />

day we hear<br />

some characters’<br />

inner thoughts.<br />

Choose a<br />

character<br />

(fictional or<br />

historic) and<br />

an event that<br />

would make<br />

that person<br />

nervous, and<br />

write the<br />

character’s<br />

thoughts while<br />

preparing for<br />

the occasion.<br />

“Anything serious goin’ on in the world since Wednesday?”<br />

Dr. Gibbs<br />

Peterborough, N.H.


Can you find<br />

elements of<br />

Wilder’s real-life<br />

experiences<br />

in this play?<br />

What might be<br />

informed by his<br />

experiences on<br />

New England<br />

farms? Which<br />

characters or<br />

ideas may<br />

have been<br />

influenced by<br />

his travels<br />

abroad?<br />

About the Playwright<br />

In his quiet way, Thornton Niven Wilder was a revolutionary writer<br />

who experimented boldly with literary forms and themes, from the<br />

beginning to the end of his long career. Deeply immersed in<br />

classical as well as contemporary literature, he often fused the<br />

traditional and the modern in his novels and plays, all the while<br />

exploring the cosmic in the commonplace. In a January 12, 1953,<br />

cover story, Time took note of Wilder’s unique “interplanetary mind”<br />

– his ability to write from a vision that was at once American and<br />

universal.<br />

A pivotal figure in the history of twentieth-century letters, Wilder<br />

was a novelist and playwright whose works continue to be widely<br />

read and produced. He is the only writer to have won the Pulitzer<br />

Prize for both fiction and drama. His second novel, The Bridge Of<br />

San Luis Rey, received the fiction award in 1928, and he won the<br />

prize twice in drama, for <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> in 1938 and The Skin Of <strong>Our</strong><br />

Teeth in 1943.<br />

Wilder was born in Madison, Wisconsin, in 1897. The second of five<br />

children, Wilder spent his childhood traveling back and forth to the<br />

Far East, where his father was posted as the United States Consul<br />

General to Hong Kong and Shanghai. A strict Congregationalist with<br />

a Ph.D. in economics from Yale, their father read to his children from<br />

the classics and insisted that they spend their summers working on<br />

farms. Wilder's mother was a cultured, educated woman who<br />

instilled a love of literature, drama and languages in her children.<br />

She was the first woman elected to public office in Hamden,<br />

Connecticut.<br />

In 1915, Wilder enrolled at Oberlin College, where he studied the<br />

Greek and Roman classics. When the family moved to New Haven,<br />

Connecticut, two years later, Wilder followed, transferring to Yale<br />

University. Wilder left school for eight months to serve as a<br />

corporal in the Coast Guard Artillery Corps in World War I. He<br />

returned to complete his B.A. in 1920 and then proceeded to Rome,<br />

where he studied archaeology at the American Academy. Wilder<br />

received his final degree, a master's in French literature, from<br />

Princeton University in 1926, but retained his intellectual curiosity<br />

throughout his life, reading widely in English, French, and German<br />

and conversing in Italian and Spanish. He went on to teach French at<br />

the Lawrenceville School in New Jersey, lecture on comparative<br />

literature at the University of Chicago, serve as a visiting professor<br />

at the University of Hawaii, and teach poetry at Harvard University.<br />

Even after he'd achieved publishing success, Wilder considered<br />

himself a teacher first and a writer second.<br />

Sources:<br />

“Afterword” to Perennial Classics Edition of <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong><br />

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/americancollection/ourtown/ei_wilder.html<br />

“Whenever you come near the human race<br />

there’s layers and layers of nonsense”<br />

Stage Manager<br />

4<br />

What writers<br />

have you studied<br />

who wrote in<br />

multiple forms?<br />

Consider fiction,<br />

drama, journalism,<br />

essays and screenplays.<br />

What skills<br />

are needed for<br />

each form?<br />

Thornton Wilder starring<br />

as the Stage Manager<br />

(College of Wooster)


5<br />

Watch for how<br />

the play moves<br />

from small<br />

details to a<br />

wider view<br />

and back.<br />

Look for large<br />

numbers: when<br />

does Wilder<br />

mention tallies<br />

of hundreds,<br />

thousands, or<br />

millions in<br />

his play?<br />

What would you<br />

place in a time<br />

capsule to share<br />

the important<br />

elements of your<br />

life with a future<br />

archaeologist?<br />

Take a true<br />

personal story<br />

or an example<br />

from history<br />

or literature<br />

and trace<br />

the causeand-effect<br />

of distinct<br />

moments that<br />

led up to<br />

an important<br />

event.<br />

Theatrical Archaeolgy<br />

For a while in Rome I lived among archaeologists, and ever since I<br />

find myself occasionally looking at the things about me as an<br />

archaeologist will look at them a thousand years hence…<br />

An archaeologist’s eyes combine the view of the telescope with the<br />

view of the microscope. He reconstructs the very distant with the<br />

help of the very small.<br />

It was something of this method that I brought to a New Hampshire<br />

village. I spent parts of six summers tutoring at Lake Sunapee and<br />

six at the MacDowell Colony at Peterborough. I took long walks<br />

through scores of upland villages.<br />

And the archaeologist’s and the social historian’s points of view<br />

began to mingle with another unremitting preoccupation which is<br />

the central theme of the play: What is the relation between the<br />

countless unimportant details of our daily life, on the one hand, and<br />

the great perspectives of time, social history, and current religious<br />

ideas, on the other?<br />

Thornton Wilder, A Preface for <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong><br />

Juxtaposing the small and the immense, the Stage Manager provides<br />

us with a morning scene showing how many bottles of milk each<br />

family takes from the milkman, and minutes later invites Professor<br />

Willard to share that New Hampshire is composed of Devonian<br />

basalt, a rock hundreds of millions of years old. We’re aware of the<br />

world moment to moment, and know that each moment fits in a<br />

picture much larger and older. A time capsule is to be buried in<br />

Grover’s Corners, and the play <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> will be placed inside, so<br />

that “people a thousand years from now” can see “the way were – in<br />

our growing up and in our marrying, and in our living and in our<br />

dying.”<br />

In one of his letters Thornton Wilder describes <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong>: “It’s a<br />

little play with all the big subjects in it; and it’s a big play with all the<br />

little things of life lovingly impressed into it.” He writes that the play<br />

attempts “to find a value above all price for the smallest events in our<br />

daily life.” We are invited to look at the play as an archaeologist<br />

might, piecing together the significance of daily rountines and<br />

common events to unearth larger patterns and values. Director Mark<br />

Cuddy says, “What lifts the play up from a mundane look at every day<br />

life is a quiet celebration of the interconnectedness of us all. <strong>Our</strong><br />

<strong>Town</strong> makes a simple Human Truth out of the Newtonian Scientific<br />

Truth of cause and effect.” The Stage Manager agrees: “You see, we<br />

want to know how all this began – this wedding, this plan to spend a<br />

lifetime together. I’m awfully interested in how big things like<br />

that begin.”<br />

“the life of a village against the life of the stars”<br />

Thornton Wilder on <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong><br />

Photos from the Albert R. Stone<br />

Negative Collection, Rochester<br />

Museum & Science Center


Wilder’s <strong>Theatre</strong>: In His Own Words<br />

“I’m really stage struck. The stage is<br />

the greatest of all art forms – one in<br />

which society sits shoulder to shoulder<br />

and sees an imaginary story about the<br />

human condition.” Thornton Wilder’s<br />

writing describes both the esteem he<br />

felt toward the theatrical form and the<br />

mistrust he felt toward the productions<br />

of his day.<br />

“The trouble began in the nineteenth<br />

century,” Wilder tells us. “They loaded<br />

the stage with specific objects,<br />

because every concrete object on the<br />

stage fixes and narrows the action to<br />

one moment in time and place… When<br />

you emphasize place in the theatre,<br />

you drag down and limit and harness<br />

time to it. You thrust the action back<br />

into past time, whereas it is precisely<br />

the glory of the stage that it is always<br />

‘now’ there. Under such production<br />

methods the characters are all dead<br />

before the action starts. You don’t<br />

have to pay deeply for your heart’s<br />

participation. No great age in the<br />

theatre ever attempted to capture the<br />

audience’s belief through this kind of<br />

specification and localization. I<br />

became dissatisfied with the theatre<br />

because I was unable to lend credence<br />

to such childish attempts to be ‘real.’”<br />

Source: Thornton Wilder’s American Characteristics and Other Essays<br />

“In its healthiest ages the theatre has<br />

always exhibited the least scenery.”<br />

Wilder references the theatre of the<br />

Greeks, where performers wore large<br />

masks specially designed to project<br />

their voices and tall platform shoes.<br />

He references the Elizabethan stage,<br />

where settings changed without<br />

scenery, and a placard might notify the<br />

audience of the location. He also cites<br />

the conventions of the Chinese stage,<br />

in which established gestures were<br />

interpreted by the audience; for<br />

instance, an actor might stand astride a<br />

stick and it was understood that he had<br />

just mounted a horse. Wilder explains<br />

“I tried to restore significance to the<br />

small details of life by removing<br />

scenery. The spectator through<br />

lending his imagination to the action<br />

restages it inside his own head.”<br />

“The theatre has lagged behind the<br />

other arts in finding the ‘new ways’ to<br />

express how men and women think<br />

and feel in our time. I am not one of<br />

the new dramatists we are looking for.<br />

I wish I were. I hope I have played a<br />

part in preparing the way for them. I<br />

am not an innovator but a re-discoverer<br />

of forgotten goods and I hope a<br />

remover of obtrusive bric-a-brac.”<br />

Model of the set design for <strong>Geva</strong> <strong>Theatre</strong> Center’s production<br />

“There’s some scenery for those who think they<br />

have to have scenery”<br />

Stage Manager<br />

6<br />

Compare: what<br />

do you think<br />

each art form<br />

communicates<br />

about the human<br />

condition?<br />

Consider a novel,<br />

a painting, a<br />

piece of music<br />

or a play, each<br />

taken from<br />

the same<br />

approximate<br />

time period.<br />

Imagine a<br />

production of<br />

<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> staged<br />

with all the<br />

period set<br />

pieces and<br />

props suggested<br />

by the text.<br />

Imagine <strong>Our</strong><br />

<strong>Town</strong> staged<br />

with contemporary<br />

scenic elements.<br />

Imagine the<br />

production staged<br />

with no props<br />

or scenery at<br />

all. What is<br />

gained and<br />

lost in each<br />

version?


7<br />

Thornton Wilder<br />

posed the<br />

question: “As<br />

an artist (or<br />

listener or<br />

beholder) which<br />

“truth” do you<br />

prefer – that of<br />

the isolated<br />

occasion, or<br />

that which<br />

includes and<br />

resumes the<br />

innumerable?<br />

Which truth<br />

is more worth<br />

telling?...The<br />

theatre is<br />

admirably fitted<br />

to tell both<br />

truths.” How<br />

does your<br />

class divide?<br />

Split into<br />

groups and<br />

argue for<br />

“both truths.”<br />

In how many<br />

separate time<br />

periods does<br />

this play<br />

exist? In how<br />

many separate<br />

realities? Do<br />

they ever<br />

blur together?<br />

Why would that<br />

serve the play?<br />

Wilder’s <strong>Theatre</strong>: At <strong>Geva</strong><br />

The configuration of the walls and flooring that has been designed<br />

for the <strong>Geva</strong> <strong>Theatre</strong> Center production is meant to evoke an aging<br />

public space, perhaps a theatre, or perhaps a town hall. The only<br />

scenery moved on stage are those items of furniture Wilder<br />

requested in his script: tables, chairs, ladders, and a pair of trellises.<br />

In order to master the requirements of staging real life routines<br />

without using real objects, <strong>Geva</strong>’s cast first practiced all their<br />

activities with the appropriate props. By the time the actors<br />

switched to performing without the objects, they had carefully<br />

studied the sequences of their behavior and the details that would<br />

help them to mime their actions accurately and effectively. The<br />

sound designer also provides information about objects that are not<br />

present on stage, such as the newspapers and milk bottles delivered<br />

in the morning scenes.<br />

Director Mark Cuddy reminds us that, to this<br />

day, “<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> is an experimental play –<br />

breaking down stage conventions, playing with<br />

time and space, and connecting the audience in<br />

the present with the characters of the dawning of<br />

the twentieth-century through the theatrical<br />

device of an unnamed interlocutor, the Stage<br />

Manager.” In <strong>Geva</strong>’s production the Stage<br />

Manager and his assistants are costumed in<br />

clothing of the late 1930s, the period when<br />

Wilder wrote the play and it was first performed.<br />

Meanwhile, the inhabitants of Grover’s Corners<br />

are dressed for the earlier years the Stage<br />

Manager describes, beginning in the first act<br />

with 1901.<br />

Designer G.W. Mercier explained that he chose to<br />

costume the cast in a relatively neutral palate of<br />

matching earth tones, keeping in mind that<br />

families in the early part of twentieth-century<br />

might sew countless garments from a single bolt<br />

of fabric. In the same way that memory can<br />

restore color to a photograph taken in black and<br />

white, he hopes that as the audience responds to<br />

the play, the characters will become more and<br />

more vivid.<br />

above right: costume rendering for the Stage Manager;<br />

left: costume rendering for Mrs. Gibbs<br />

“My, wasn’t life awful - and wonderful.”<br />

Mrs. Soames<br />

Who is the<br />

Stage Manager?<br />

What role<br />

does he fill?<br />

What might he<br />

represent?<br />

When you look<br />

at old photos<br />

or watch a<br />

film in black<br />

and white,<br />

does your<br />

mind supply<br />

the colors?


Aside from<br />

your geographic<br />

community, of<br />

how many other<br />

communities are<br />

you a member?<br />

Trace the<br />

geography of<br />

your family<br />

tree. Which<br />

generations<br />

immigrated,<br />

which moved<br />

and which<br />

spent their<br />

lives in<br />

one spot?<br />

Redefining Community<br />

Until fairly recently, any definition of<br />

community was almost entirely<br />

governed by the boundaries of<br />

geography. The physical community<br />

of buildings, landmarks, stores and<br />

streets was what pulled together the<br />

various strands of work and home,<br />

school and play, family and marriage,<br />

birth and death. People in a given<br />

community went to the same schools,<br />

frequented the same stores and<br />

worked in many of the same<br />

vocations. They interacted with one<br />

another on an almost daily basis, playing<br />

as much a part in each others<br />

routines as their own. Such steady<br />

proximity often resulted in neighbors<br />

drawing from a shared collective of<br />

events, both joyous and tragic, as the<br />

basis of many of their memories – in<br />

such small places, words spread<br />

quickly. The citizens of many communities often shared<br />

demographics as well. In <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong>, Mr. Webb, the editor and<br />

publisher of The Grover’s Corners Sentinel, breaks the population<br />

of the town down into easily-defined categories. Mr. Webb states<br />

that the town is mostly “lower-middle class [with a] sprinkling of<br />

professional men” and then proceeds to neatly divide the town into<br />

political and religious affiliations, divisions most likely similar to any<br />

number of other like-minded towns.<br />

“I guess new people aren’t any better than old ones.”<br />

George Gibbs<br />

From the Albert R. Stone Negative Collection,<br />

Rochester Museum & Science Center<br />

As small towns have become cities and cities have grown<br />

increasingly larger, the concept of a community and what it means<br />

has changed as well. No longer are communities based entirely on<br />

such central physical entities as schools or businesses. As people<br />

move from one area to another with greater frequency – be it out of<br />

economic necessity or for personal preference – the make-up of the<br />

area is altered as well. Where once a place like Grover’s Corners,<br />

New Hampshire might have been “86% Republicans; 6% Democrats;<br />

4% Socialists; rest, indifferent,” it could now, conceivably, be<br />

populated by any number of people who don’t fit into any of the<br />

three identified groups – the “rest” no longer indifferent but rather<br />

larger in number and much more difficult to categorize.<br />

8<br />

Compare the<br />

vital statistics<br />

of Grover’s<br />

Corners with<br />

your town<br />

and with<br />

the nation.


9<br />

The period<br />

Rochester photographs<br />

featured<br />

throughout the<br />

study guide and<br />

in <strong>Geva</strong>’s lobby<br />

are from the<br />

Albert R. Stone<br />

Negative Collection<br />

at the Rochester<br />

Museum & Science<br />

Center. In 1904,<br />

Stone became the<br />

first staff newspaperphotographer<br />

in Rochester; his<br />

son Daniel joined<br />

him at the<br />

Herald in 1928.<br />

The Rochester<br />

Museum &<br />

Science Center’s<br />

Stone collection<br />

houses 13,000 of<br />

their images,<br />

digital access to<br />

which is now<br />

possible on two<br />

sites: the<br />

Rochester Images<br />

site at the<br />

Rochester Public<br />

Library,<br />

http:/www.libraryweb.org/rochimag,<br />

and the new<br />

Rochester Museum<br />

& Science Center<br />

library catalog,<br />

http://rmsc.<br />

libcat.org.<br />

With the pace of modern life<br />

steadily quickening, the world<br />

seems to have contracted<br />

and expanded simultaneously.<br />

Communication with almost<br />

anyone, anywhere and anytime<br />

– via e-mail or phone, for<br />

example – is an everyday<br />

occurrence, something taken<br />

for granted by most of us. This<br />

ease of access has, in many<br />

ways, reconfigured how people<br />

identify themselves and the communities in which they claim<br />

membership. There is the ability, through the internet and its<br />

seemingly infinite number of websites, to seek out others with<br />

similar values, interests and experiences, regardless of<br />

geographic constraints. Virtual communities exist for any<br />

political persuasion or religious belief; for those who have<br />

experienced serious illness; for people who enjoy specific types<br />

of movies or music or books; for those seeking out a romantic<br />

partner or mate. Entrance into these communities is as simple as<br />

a request.<br />

The vastness of the size of the group, however, and the far<br />

reaches of the members’ addresses, often has the dual effect of<br />

uniting people based on their commonalities and yet preventing<br />

them from ever actually meeting one another. What the virtual<br />

communities offer in terms of interests and information they may<br />

lack in the interdependence and empathy found in a physical<br />

community. This anonymity may allow for the sharing of<br />

information otherwise felt to be too personal - necessary,<br />

perhaps, for the connections sought - but also carries with it the<br />

potential discarding of a civility more common to a physical<br />

setting. The citizens of Grover’s Corners may not all truly<br />

appreciate the depth of<br />

choir master Simon<br />

Stimson’s pain, but they<br />

understand it enough to<br />

afford him the courtesy of<br />

handling it in his own way –<br />

a balancing, it seems, of the<br />

private and the public, the<br />

foundation of any<br />

community, physical or<br />

otherwise.<br />

“I never felt so alone in my whole life.”<br />

Emily Webb<br />

From the Albert R. Stone Negative Collection,<br />

Rochester Museum & Science Center<br />

an internet cafe for community use<br />

Are you a<br />

member of an<br />

on-line community?<br />

Do you think<br />

of it differently<br />

than a physical<br />

communinty?<br />

Which one<br />

are you more<br />

likely to consult<br />

when making<br />

a decision?


WILDER’S SHORT PLAYS<br />

Further Explorations<br />

Three of Thornton Wilder’s short plays are particularly useful to explore alongside any study of <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong>.<br />

These “literary exercises in compressed expression” reveal his bent toward experimentation as well as his<br />

efforts “to capture not verisimilitude but reality.” Both the themes and methods of theatrical expression<br />

prefigure his work in <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong>.<br />

The Happy Journey from Trenton to Camden utilizes a Stage Manager figure. Ordinary chairs serve as the<br />

family’s Chevrolet, while a cot suffices for the indoor furnishings. The Stage Manager suggests that, in<br />

viewing this car trip, we are witnessing quintessential family life at its most daily moments. The journey has<br />

its short stops, to observe death, to take stock, and to make sure of its direction. The destination is a home<br />

where a life has been lost, but family life goes on; the journey is happy because it continues.<br />

Pullman Car Hiawatha also uses a Stage Manager, who draws outlines of a train car and its compartments<br />

on the stage floor with chalk and passengers enter carrying their own chairs which substitute for berths on<br />

the train. The themes of time, size – from the tiniest town to the entire solar system – death, and repeating<br />

cycles of human activity are all found in this short play. A young woman, Harriet, dies onboard the train,<br />

and her farewell to the earth is a forerunner of Emily’s.<br />

The Long Christmas Dinner, describes the Bayard family’s Christmas gatherings over a period of ninety<br />

years. The play reveals not only the ritual of the holiday, but the patterns and repetitions of successive<br />

generations. Characters are born, age at the dinner table with simple costume adjustments, and leave the<br />

stage when death comes, and mime is used to consume the entire holiday meal.<br />

OTHER SELECTED WORKS<br />

The Bridge of San Luis Rey, Wilder's breakthrough novel, is an examination of the fate of five travelers who<br />

fall to their deaths from a bridge in 18th-century Peru. Seeking to discover meaning in the lives lost, a<br />

scholarly monk named Brother Juniper explores the lives of the five victims. The book earned Wilder his<br />

first Pulitzer Prize. (Originally filmed in 1929, The Bridge of San Luis Rey was released as a new film in<br />

2004 starring Robert De Niro, Kathy Bates, and Harvey Keitel.)<br />

Theophilus North was the last of Wilder's works published during his lifetime. The novel is partly<br />

autobiographical and partly the imagined adventure of his twin brother who died at birth. Setting out to see<br />

the world in the summer of 1926, Theophilus gets as far as Newport, Rhode Island, before his car breaks<br />

down. Theophilus takes jobs in the elegant mansions along Ocean Drive, just as Wilder himself did in the<br />

same decade. <strong>Geva</strong> <strong>Theatre</strong> Center premiered the novel’s stage adaptation by Matthew Burnett during<br />

the 2002-03 season.<br />

The Skin of <strong>Our</strong> Teeth is the story of a family whose members are simultaneously typical Americans living<br />

in a present-day New Jersey suburb and Adam, Eve, Lilith, Cain and a daughter who survive the Ice Age, the<br />

Flood (as in the book of Genesis in the Bible) and War (as in WWII). Wilder compresses long expanses of<br />

time to establish the ongoing struggles of humanity. As in <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong>, characters address the audience,<br />

backstage crew enter and speak, and the set is minimal or symbolic.<br />

American Characteristics and Other Essays provides Wilder’s own insights into the observations and<br />

motivations that informed much of his writing.<br />

10


11<br />

Staff<br />

Skip Greer<br />

Director of<br />

Education/Artist<br />

in Residence<br />

Kathryn Moroney<br />

Associate Director<br />

of Education<br />

Eric Evans<br />

Education<br />

Administrator<br />

Arthur Brown<br />

Christopher Gurr<br />

Conservatory<br />

Associates<br />

Arthur Brown<br />

Jack Langerak<br />

Brigitt Markusfeld<br />

<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong><br />

Artist Educators<br />

Marge Betley<br />

Literary<br />

Manager/Resident<br />

Dramaturg<br />

April Donahower<br />

Associate<br />

Dramaturg<br />

Mark Cuddy<br />

Artistic Director<br />

John Quinlivan<br />

Managing Director<br />

Nan Hildebrandt<br />

Executive Director<br />

OUR TOWN ON FILM<br />

1940: The first film version features members of the original stage<br />

cast and an altered ending in which Emily lives.<br />

1977: This version features Hal Holbrook and is the version<br />

excerpted in the OT: our town documentary.<br />

1989: This film documents the Broadway production that won the<br />

Tony Award for best revival. Spalding Gray leads the cast.<br />

2003: The most recent film features a Tony-nominated stage<br />

production captured for television, with Paul Newman in the role<br />

of the Stage Manager.<br />

OT: our town (2002) features a performance of Wilder’s play by<br />

students of Dominguez High School in Compton, California, which<br />

had not produced a play in 20 years. This documentary chronicles<br />

the month and a half before their opening night. In the process it<br />

records the students’ own daily rituals and relationships with their<br />

families and communities, love, marriage and death and discovers<br />

the enduring resonances of Wilder’s work.<br />

LITERARY CONNECTIONS<br />

Any study of Elizabethean, Greek, Noh or Chinese drama will<br />

provide an opportunity to compare and contrast the theatrical<br />

conventions that Wilder employs in <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong>. Luigi Pirandello’s<br />

drama Six Characters in Search of an Author breaks the<br />

conventions of realism in theatre and also provides fruitful<br />

comparison. Among the many writers that Wilder read and admired,<br />

Dante, Jane Austen, Gertrude Stein and James Joyce are<br />

particularly notable relative to his work on <strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong>. For more<br />

background on connections to their work, please contact <strong>Geva</strong>’s<br />

Education Department.<br />

<strong>Geva</strong> <strong>Theatre</strong> Center<br />

gratefully acknowledges donors supporting<br />

Student Matinee performances of<br />

<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> &<br />

<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Town</strong> in the Classroom<br />

The Conable Family Foundation<br />

Barbara & Jack Kraushaar<br />

Rochester Area Community Foundation<br />

Fine and Performing Arts Fund<br />

Sherwin Weinstein & Linda Cornell Weinstein<br />

St. John Fisher College<br />

Louis S. and Molly B. Wolk Foundation<br />

“The morning star always gets wonderful bright<br />

the moment before it has to go, doesn’t it?”<br />

Stage Manager<br />

Education<br />

Partners<br />

Major Support From:<br />

Ameriprise Financial<br />

Services, Inc.<br />

Cornell/Weinstein<br />

Family Foundation<br />

The Davenport-Hatch<br />

Foundation<br />

The Fine and Performing<br />

Arts Fund at RACF<br />

The Flanders Group<br />

Gannett Foundation<br />

Dawn & Jacques Lipson,<br />

M.D<br />

Hon. Elizabeth W. Pine<br />

Williams Saunders<br />

Time Warner Cable<br />

Xerox Corporation<br />

With Additional<br />

Support From:<br />

Ames-Amzalak<br />

Memorial Trust<br />

Mr. and Mrs. Allen Boucher<br />

Joe Eduardo<br />

Michael and Joanna<br />

Grosodonia<br />

Insero & Company<br />

Ann M. Mayer<br />

Mrs. Eleanor Morris<br />

Panther Graphics, Inc.<br />

Riedman Foundation<br />

Fred and Floy Willmott<br />

Foundation


Tickets Available for<br />

Public Performances<br />

February 13th thru March 25th<br />

Recommended for ages 12+<br />

Tickets available by calling (585) 232-<strong>Geva</strong> (4382)<br />

or online at www.gevatheatre.org<br />

75 Woodbury Boulevard<br />

Rochester, New York 14607<br />

Box Office: (585) 232-<strong>Geva</strong> (4382)<br />

Education Department: (585) 232-1366, ext. 3058<br />

www.gevatheatre.org

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