The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging - Supernova: Pliki

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202 B Barja G 2 Bats 70 Beta-galactosidase 88 Birds 70, 73 Bisallylic (hydrogen atom) 44 Blindness 57-58 Bottleneck (in oogenesis) 120 Brunk UT 190 Bupivacaine hydrochloride 175 C Caenorhabditis elegans 24, 68, 116, 122 Calcium 58, 155 Calorie restriction 55, 71-72, 121 effect on lifespan, 71-71 “voluntary” (in supplement experiments) 88, 121 Cancer 54-55, 129 Carbon dioxide 10 Carbonyl Cyanide-ptrifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone see FCCP Cardiolipin 8, 49-50, 155 Cardiomyocyte 56 Carnitine 12 see also acetyl-L-carnitine Cartilage 56 Caspases 175 Catalase 108 Catalyst 38 Central nervous system 160 Centrioles 21 Centrophenoxine 88 Cerebellum 67 Cerium 161 Ceruloplasmin, 108, 110 Chain reaction see peroxidation, chain reaction Chambers P 94, 98, 160 Chaperones (of mitochondrial protein import) 173 see protein import (mitochondrial), chaperones of Chemiosmotic theory 19-21, 145-149 delocalised 146 electrodic 149-155 localised 148 see also oxidative phosphorylation Chèvremont M 21 Chimpanzees 61 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 181 Chloroplasts 20, 147, 155 The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging Cholesterol 8, 50-51, 108-109, 161 function, in membranes 50 structure 51 transport by LDL 50-51, 108, 161 Churchill W 134 Chylomicrons 50 Citric acid cycle see TCA cycle Claros MG 178 Clonal expansion (of mutant mtDNA) see amplification of mutant mtDNA CO 2 see carbon dioxide CoA see coenzyme A Cochlear implant 190 Coculture (of muscle with neurons) 78 Codon 23, 184 Codon bias 184 Coenzyme A 14-15 see also acetyl CoA Coenzyme Q 16-19, 93, 140 see also ubiquinol see also ubiquinone see also ubisemiquinone Cold-blooded animals see poikilotherms Collagen 56, 162 see also glycation Collagenase 56, 88 Comfort A 2, 75 Common deletion 25, 75, 160 flanking repeat 25, 160 frequency 75 exaggerated by PCR 76 mosaic distribution 74-75 see also illegitimate recombination Complex I see NADH dehydrogenase Complex II see succinate dehydrogenase Complex III see ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase Complex IV see cytochrome c oxidase Complex V see ATP synthase Conduction by protons in water 144 at charged surface 148-150 Grotthuss mechanism 146 in ice 149 Contact sites 8, 22
Index Copper 35, 107 see also transition metals CoQ see coenzyme Q Cotranslational import see protein import, cotranslational Cristae 8, 147 Crossover (mitochondrial) see illegitimate recombination Crystallin 56 Cybrids 77-78, 160 disadvantages 78 of myofibres 78, 160 uses 77-78 Cytochrome b 140, 178 Cytochrome c 8, 23, 121, 180 role in apoptosis 175 Cytochrome c oxidase 16, 121 subunit 2 (in Vigna) 116, 180 subunit 3 (in Selaginella) 116, 180 Cytoplasm 7-8 Cytoplasmic hybrids see cybrids Cytosine 25-26, 55 Cytosol 7-8 D Deamination 55 de Grotthuss 148-150 Dehydroascorbate 38, 107 Deletions (in mtDNA) see mutant mtDNA, deletions Delta-p see proton-motive force Delta-pH see pH, difference across mitochondrial membrane Delta-psi see potential difference, across mitochondrial membrane Demographics 196-198 Depletion (of mtDNA) see mitochondrial DNA, copy number, depletion Deprenyl 121 Depurination 55 Dermal fibroblasts see fibroblasts Dermis 56 Diabetes 56, 60, 63 Dietary restriction see calorie restriction Diffusion (of protons) see conduction by protons 203 Digestion 12 Diphospholipid 8, 49-50 Dipolar (property of molecule) 149 Diradical 35-37 Diseases linked to mtDNA 79-80, 102, 120, 159 inherited 79-80, 102, 159 sporadic 79-80, 102, 120 Disorganisation of connective tissue 55-57 artery 55-56 cartilage 56 eye 56 skin 55-56 Disposable soma theory 61, 70 Displacement loop see D loop D loop 25, 29 DNA (mitochondrial) see mitochondrial DNA DNA damage (rate) 54-55, 71 DNA repair (nuclear) 54-55, 71 DNA repair (mitochondrial) see mitochondrial DNA, repair DNA polymerase (mitochondrial) 5, 67, 115 Drosophila 65, 68, 122, 126 Duplications (in mtDNA) 91 Dysdifferentiation 191 E Ear 58, 190 Egg cells see ova Elastin 55-56 see also glycation Electrochemical potential energy 19 Electron transport chain see respiratory chain Enamel 190 Endoperoxide 42-44 Endosymbiosis 6 Endosymbiotic event 6-7 Endotherms see homeotherms Energy restriction see calorie restriction Engineered negligible senescence see lifespan, extension of maximum Enzymes 8 Ephrussi B 66, 92 Error catastrophe theory 87 Erythrocytes 7, 22 Ethane 44
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COMPANY de Grey The Mitochondrial F
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ISBN: 1-57059-564-X MOLECULAR BIOLO
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7. The Status of Gerontological The
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17. Conclusion: The Role of the Ger
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I cannot overstate my profound grat
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1.1. What Is
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Introduction Some may feel that all
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6 The Mitochondrial Free Radical Th
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8 The Mitochondrial Free Radical Th
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10 The Mitochondrial Free Radical T
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18 Fig. 2.7. The respiratory chain.
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24 Fig. 2.9. Types of protein impor
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26 Fig. 2.10. Why the DNA bases pai
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CHAPTER 3 An Introduction to Free R
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An Introduction to Free Radicals Ta
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An Introduction to Free Radicals Fi
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An Introduction to Free Radicals Re
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CHAPTER 6 History of the Mitochondr
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History of the Mitochondrial Free R
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CHAPTER 7 The Status of Gerontologi
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The Status of Gerontological Theory
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The Status of Gerontological Theory
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CHAPTER 8 The Search for How Mutant
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The Search for How Mutant mtDNA is
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CHAPTER 9 The Search for How So Few
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The Search for How So Few Anaerobic
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CHAPTER 10 Frequently-Asked Questio
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Frequently-Asked Questions The effe
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Frequently-Asked Questions Table 10
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Frequently-Asked Questions through
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Frequently-Asked Questions has been
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Frequently-Asked Questions SOS, sin
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Frequently-Asked Questions for almo
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Frequently-Asked Questions Fig. 10.
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Frequently-Asked Questions Fig. 10.
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Frequently-Asked Questions of elect
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Frequently-Asked Questions Referenc
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Frequently-Asked Questions 45. Clay
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CHAPTER 11 A Challenge from Textboo
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A Challenge from Textbook Bioenerge
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Page 153 and 154: A Challenge from Textbook Bioenerge
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Page 181 and 182: CHAPTER 15 Transgenic Copies of mtD
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The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging - Supernova: Pliki

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