Regulation of the dopamine transporter - Addiction Research ...

Schmitt & Reith DAT Regulation
ring-substituted amphetamines. Neuropsychopharmacology
31: 2639–2651.
123. Battaglia, G., S.Y. Yeh, O’E. Hearn, et al.
1987. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and 3,4methylenedioxyamphetamine
destroy serotonin terminals
in rat brain: quantification of neurodegeneration
by measurement of [ 3 H]paroxetine-labeled serotonin
uptake sites. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 242: 911–916.
124. Fleckenstein, A.E., H.M. Haughey, R.R. Metzger, et al.
1999. Differential effects of psychostimulants and related
agents on dopaminergic and serotonergic transporter
function. Eur J. Pharmacol. 382: 45–49.
125. Wang, X., M.H. Baumann, H. Xu & R.B. Rothman.
2004. 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine
(MDMA) administration to rats decreases brain tissue
serotonin but not serotonin transporter protein and
glial fibrillary acidic protein. Synapse 53: 240–248.
126. Hahn, M.K. & R.D. Blakely. 2002. Monoamine transporter
gene structure and polymorphisms in relation to
psychiatric and other complex disorders. Pharmacogenomics
J. 2: 217–235.
127. Sanders-Bush, E., J.A. Bushing & F. Sulser. 1975. Longterm
effects of p-chloroamphetamine and related drugs
on central serotonergic mechanisms. J. Pharmacol. Exp.
Ther. 192: 33–41.
128. Callaghan, P.D., W.A. Owens, M. Javors, et al.
2007. In vivo analysis of serotonin clearance in
rat hippocampus reveals that repeated administration
of p-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), but not 3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine
(MDMA), leads to
long-lasting deficits in serotonin transporter function.
J. Neurochem. 100: 617–627.
129. Wang, X., M.H. Baumann, H. Xu, et al. 2005. (+/−)-
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine administration
to rats does not decrease levels of the serotonin transporter
protein or alter its distribution between endosomes
and the plasma membrane. J. Pharmacol. Exp.
Ther. 314: 1002–1012.
130. Kraner, J.C., D.J. McCoy, M.A. Evans, et al. 2001.
Fatalities caused by the MDMA-related drug paramethoxyamphetamine
(PMA). J. Anal. Toxicol. 25: 645–
648.
131. Esteban, B., E. O’Shea, J. Camarero, et al.
2001. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine induces
monoamine release, but not toxicity, when administered
centrally at a concentration occurring following
a peripherally injected neurotoxic dose. Psychopharmacology
154: 251–260.
132. Lipton, J.W., E.G. Tolod, V.B. Thompson, et al. 2008.
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) pro-
motes the survival of fetal dopamine neurons in culture.
Neuropharmacology 55: 851–859.
133. Paris, J.M. & K.A. Cunningham. 1992. Lack of serotonin
neurotoxicity after intraraphe microinjection of
(+)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).
Brain Res. Bull. 28: 115–119.
134. Bai, F., S.S. Lau & T.J. Monks. 1999. Glutathione and
N-acetylcysteine conjugates of alpha-methyldopamine
produce serotonergic neurotoxicity: possible role in
methylenedioxyamphetamine-mediated neurotoxicity.
Chem. Res. Toxicol. 12: 1150–1157.
135. De la Torre, R., M. Farré, P.N. Roset, et al. 2004.
Human pharmacology of MDMA: pharmacokinetics,
metabolism, and disposition. Ther. Drug Mon. 26: 137–
144.
136. Jones, D.C., C. Duvauchelle, A. Ikegami, et al. 2005.
Serotonergic neurotoxic metabolites of ecstasy identified
in rat brain. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 313: 422–431.
137. Capela, J.P., C. Macedo, P.S. Branco, et al. 2007. Neurotoxicity
mechanisms of thioether ecstasy metabolites.
Neuroscience 146: 1743–1757.
138. Jameson, G.N., J. Zhang, R.F. Jameson & W. Linert.
2004. Kinetic evidence that cysteine reacts with
dopaminoquinone via reversible adduct formation to
yield 5-cysteinyl-dopamine: an important precursor of
neuromelanin. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2: 777–782.
139. Erives, G.V., S.S. Lau & T.J. Monks. 2008. Accumulation
of neurotoxic thioether metabolites of 3,4-
(+/−)-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in rat brain.
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 324: 284–291.
140. Alves, E., Z. Binienda, F. Carvalho, et al. 2009.
Acetyl-l-carnitine provides effective in vivo neuroprotection
over 3,4-methylenedioximethamphetamineinduced
mitochondrial neurotoxicity in the adolescent
rat brain. Neuroscience 158: 514–523.
141. Shoblock, J., E.B. Sullivan, I. Maisonneuve & S. Glick.
2003. Neurochemical and behavioral differences between
d-methamphetamine and d-amphetamine in
rats. Psychopharmacology 165: 359–369.
142. Cadet, J.L., S. Jayanthi & X. Deng. 2003. Speed kills:
cellular and molecular bases of methamphetamineinduced
nerve terminal degeneration and neuronal
apoptosis. FASEB J. 17: 1775–1788.
143. McCann, U.D., H. Kuwabara, A. Kumar, et al. 2008.
Persistent cognitive and dopamine transporter deficits
in abstinent methamphetamine users. Synapse 62: 91–
100.
144. Sekine, Y., Y. Ouchi, G. Sugihara, et al. 2008. Methamphetamine
causes microglial activation in the brains of
human abusers. J. Neurosci. 28: 5756–5761.
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1187 (2010) 316–340 c○ 2010 New York Academy of Sciences. 339