Meta 2010 & FEM 2010 – Rome, 13-15 December 2010 Tunable metamaterials operating in the terahertz region Nassim Chikhi (1) , , Emiliano Di Gennaro (1) , Antonello Andreone (1) , Emanuela Esposito (2) , Ilaria Gallina (3) , Giuseppe Castal<strong>di</strong> (3) , and Vincenzo Gal<strong>di</strong> (3) (1) CNR-SPIN and University of Naples “Federico II,” Department of Physics Naples, Italy – E-mail: chikhi@na.infn.it, emiliano@na.infn.it, andreone@unina.it (2) CNR-ICIB “E. Caianiello”, Pozzuoli (Na), Naples, Italy – E-mail: e.esposito@cib.na.cnr.it (3) University of Sannio, Department of Engineering Benevento, Italy – E-mail: ilaria.gallina@unisannio.it, castal<strong>di</strong>@unisannio.it, vgal<strong>di</strong>@unisannio.it During the last two decades, substantial progress has been achieved in the development of terahertz (THz) science and technology. However, there are several restrictions which limit the development of fruitful applications within the full THz frequency region. One of the main constraints is the lack of appropriate responses, at those frequencies, from many naturally existing materials. This problem can be solved using artificially structured electromagnetic materials (“metamaterials”), typically comprised of perio<strong>di</strong>c arrays of sub-wavelength metallic resonating inclusions. Different strategies have been explored in order to achieve tunability in the resonating inclusions within various ranges of frequencies, from microwaves to the THz region, inclu<strong>di</strong>ng the use of <strong>di</strong>fferent kinds of capacitors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) or liquid crystals [1-3]. The geometry that we considered here is based on the concept of split ring resonator (SRR) [4, 5]. A comprehensive numerical study based on full-wave simulations (via CST Microwave Stu<strong>di</strong>o ) has been carried out in order to characterize the device response in the required frequency region. The proposed tuning mechanism is based on the use of a liquid crystal (LC). References [1] S. Gevorgian, and A. Vorobiev, “Tunable metamaterials based on ferroelectric varactors”, Procee<strong>di</strong>ngs of the 37 th European Microwave Conference, 2007 EuMA, Munich, Germany. [2] T. Hand and S. Cummer, “Characterization of tunable metamaterial elements using MEMS switches”, IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett. 6, 401 (2007). [3] J. A. Bossard, et al., “Tunable frequency selective surfaces and negative-zero-positive index metamaterials based on liquid crystals”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 56, 1308 (2008). [4] H. Chen, et al., ”Experimental demonstration of frequency-agile terahertz metamaterials”, Nature Phot. 2, 295 (2008). [5] K. Ay<strong>di</strong>n, and E. Ozbay, “Capacitor-loaded split ring resonators as tunable metamaterial components”, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 024911 (2007). [6] F. Zhang, L. Kang, Q. Zhao, J. Zhou, X. Zhao, and D. Lippens, ”Magnetically tunable left handed metamaterials by liquid crystal orientation”, Optics Express 17, 4360 (2009). 42
Session FEM-3 Methods and solvers Meta 2010 & FEM 2010 – Rome, 13-15 December 2010 Chairperson: F. Bilotti, “Roma Tre” University 14:00-14:20 G. Aiello, S. Alfonzetti, S. A. Rizzo, and N. Salerno A Comparison between Hybrid Methods: FEM-BEM versus FEM-DBCI 14:20-14:40 G. Borzì A comparison of <strong>di</strong>rect methods for the solution of finite element systems on shared memory computers 14:40-15:00 C. Molar<strong>di</strong>, E. Coscelli, F. Poli, A. Cucinotta, S. Selleri C-language-based 2D-optical mode solver 43
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