Analytical Chemistry Chemical Cytometry Quantitates Superoxide
Analytical Chemistry Chemical Cytometry Quantitates Superoxide
Analytical Chemistry Chemical Cytometry Quantitates Superoxide
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Anal. Chem. 2010, 82, 6870–6876<br />
Autonomous Microfluidic Control by <strong>Chemical</strong>ly<br />
Actuated Micropumps and Its Application to<br />
<strong>Chemical</strong> Analyses<br />
Atsushi Takashima, Kenichi Kojima, and Hiroaki Suzuki*<br />
Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba,<br />
Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan<br />
Autonomous control of microfluidic transport was realized<br />
through the use of chemically actuated diaphragm micropumps<br />
connected to a network of controlling flow channels.<br />
A hydrogen peroxide (H 2O2) solution was transported<br />
in the controlling flow channel by capillary<br />
action. Upon the solution’s arrival at the lower compartment<br />
of a micropump filled with manganese dioxide<br />
(MnO 2) powder, a volume change that accompanied<br />
the production of oxygen caused by the catalytic<br />
decomposition of H 2O2 induced inflation of the diaphragm.<br />
This in turn caused the movement of a<br />
solution in another network of flow channels formed<br />
in the upper layer. Micropumps that only exert pressure<br />
were also fabricated. By positioning the micropumps<br />
at appropriate locations in conjunction with<br />
additional flow-delaying components, the ejection of<br />
solutions from the reservoir of each micropump could<br />
be initiated at coordinated times. Furthermore, the<br />
solutions could be transported by the application of<br />
pressure from other micropumps. In other words, the<br />
information for switching from one micropump to<br />
another could be described on the chip in the form of<br />
a network of flow channels. This autonomous processing<br />
of solutions was demonstrated for enzymatic analyses<br />
of H 2O2, glucose, and lactate.<br />
With the progress now being made in microfluidic technologies,<br />
innovative devices that make possible the complicated<br />
manipulation of solutions have been proposed for various<br />
applications. 1-5 However, as far as microfluidic transport is<br />
concerned, many of these previous devices have relied on external<br />
instruments such as microsyringe pumps or power sources to<br />
produce pressure-driven flows or to generate electroosmotic flows.<br />
Such bulky instruments, however, are obstacles to the increased<br />
integration of components and miniaturization of the entire system.<br />
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: +81-29-853-5598.<br />
Fax: +81-29-853-4490. E-mail: hsuzuki@ims.tsukuba.ac.jp.<br />
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The long history of the development of micropumps and<br />
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components has usually been based on switching by electrical<br />
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10.1021/ac1009657 © 2010 American <strong>Chemical</strong> Society<br />
Published on Web 07/29/2010