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Dames & Moore, 1999 - USDA Forest Service

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Constituent<br />

Diesel Fuel,<br />

Light Weight<br />

Fuel Oils, and<br />

Jet Fuel<br />

Heavy fuel<br />

oils, Residual<br />

fuels, No. 6<br />

fuel oil<br />

Acute Toxicity Summary<br />

Acute inhalation can cause dizziness, headache, nausea,<br />

and fatigue in workers.<br />

Acute dermal exposure to heavy No. 6 fuel oil in rabbits<br />

caused severe dermal irritateion, weight loss, anorexia,<br />

ataxia, lethargy, toxic hepatitis, gastrointestinal irritation<br />

and congested lungs. Other grades of No. 6 fuel oil caused<br />

irritation but no systemic toxicity.<br />

TABLE 7.1-44 (CONTINUED)<br />

TOXICITY PROFILES FOR INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES<br />

Chronic Toxicity Summary<br />

Chronic inhalation may induce fatigue,<br />

anxiety, mood changes and memory<br />

difficulties in workers. Animal studies<br />

indicate liver effects, reduced red blood cell<br />

count, nasal inflammatory changes, and<br />

decreased body weight gains occur after<br />

chronic inhalation exposures. Dermal<br />

exposures in mice have produced kideny<br />

lesions.<br />

Cancer Potential<br />

Tumor promotion and<br />

carcinogenesis of the middle<br />

distillates after dermal exposures<br />

is possibly due to chronic<br />

irritation and hyperplasia. IARC<br />

has classified marine diesel fuel<br />

as possibly carcinogenic to<br />

humans (Group 28) and light<br />

diesel fuels and jet fuels as Group<br />

3, not classifiable. USEPA has<br />

assigned jet fuels to Group C,<br />

possible human carcinogens. In<br />

vitro assays are generally<br />

nonpositive.<br />

Cracked bunker fuel produced<br />

skin tumors in mice after dermal<br />

application. IARC concluded<br />

there is sufficient evidence of the<br />

carcinogenicity of heavy fuel oils<br />

to classify them as Group 2B,<br />

possibly carcinogenic to humans.<br />

In vitro assays are generally<br />

nonpositive.<br />

Other<br />

Embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and<br />

teratogenic effects have not been seen.<br />

DAMES & MOORE

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