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- N:a.me: ------------<br />

v-- 'ersonality Practice Test<br />

Class: Date:<br />

--------- -----<br />

Multiple Choice<br />

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.<br />

ill: A<br />

I. The two major aspects of people that are studied by personality theorists are<br />

a. consistency and distinctiveness<br />

b. situational shifts and interpersonal similarities<br />

c. commonalties and individual differences<br />

d. constancy and change<br />

2. Joan is an unfailingly polite person who always considers the feelings of others. This tendency to act in a<br />

similar manner across situations is indicative of which of the following qualities of personality?<br />

a. consistency<br />

b. distinctiveness<br />

c. reflexivity<br />

d. social desirability<br />

3. A durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations is called<br />

a. an archetype<br />

b. an attribution<br />

c. a reaction formation<br />

d. a personality trait<br />

4. is a statistical procedure used by researchers to identify closely related clusters of variables.<br />

r~ a. Chi-square<br />

b. Factor analysis<br />

c. Deviation analysis<br />

d. Analysis of variance<br />

5. Which of the following is not one of the "big five" personality traits?<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. locus of control<br />

d. openness to experience<br />

6. People who score high in are characterized as outgoing, sociable, upbeat, friendly, and assertive.<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. conscientiousness<br />

d. openness to experience<br />

7. People who score high in tend to be anxious, hostile, self-conscious, insecure, and vulnerable.<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. conscientiousness<br />

d. openness to experience<br />

8. People who score high in tend to be sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, and modest.<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. 'conscientiousness<br />

d. agreeableness


Name: _<br />

9. People who score low in tend to be suspicious, antagonistic, and aggressive.<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. conscientiousness<br />

d. agreeableness<br />

People who score high in tend to be diligent, disciplined, well-organized, and punctual.<br />

10.<br />

II.<br />

12.<br />

13.<br />

14.<br />

15.<br />

16.<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. conscientiousness<br />

d. agreeableness<br />

Which ofthe following traits is most likely to be associated with high levels of productivity in ajob setting?<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. conscientiousness<br />

d. agreeableness<br />

Marcos is very quiet and avoids large groups. Some people consider him unfriendly, and he seldom takes a<br />

stand or acts assertively. Based on the five-factor model of personality, Macros would probably score<br />

a. low in extraversion<br />

b. low in agreeableness<br />

c. high in neuroticism<br />

d. low in openness<br />

Janelle is suspicious and uncooperative. Her friends think she is a boastful person who is seldom<br />

sympathetic. Based on the five-factor model ofpersonalit)i, Janelle would probably score<br />

a. low in openness<br />

b. low in agreeableness<br />

c. high in neuroticism<br />

d. low in extraversion<br />

Julio is extremely dependable and productive, and his friends think he is great at organizing events. Based on<br />

the five-factor model of personality, Julio would probably score<br />

a. high in agreeableness<br />

b. low in neuroticism<br />

c. high in conscientiousness<br />

d. high in openness<br />

Which of the following is not a criticism of the five-factor model of personality?<br />

a. It provides no insight into the causes or development of personality.<br />

b. It overemphasizes the role of unconscious motivation in personality.<br />

c. It is limited by the number of specific traits that are measured in the first place.<br />

d. More than five traits are necessary to account for the variation seen in human<br />

personality .<br />

Sigmund Freud's method for treating disorders is called<br />

a. systematic desensitization<br />

b. client-centered therapy<br />

c. psychoanalysis<br />

d. primal-scream therapy<br />

I<br />

. '/""'


Name: _ ID: A<br />

17. Psychoanalytic theory stresses all of the following except<br />

a. conscious thought patterns<br />

b. childhood experiences<br />

c. internal conflicts<br />

d. handling of sexual impulses<br />

18. Id is to pleasure principle as<br />

a. superego is to desire<br />

b. superego is to repetition principle<br />

c. ego is to executive principle<br />

d. ego is to reality principle<br />

19. According to Freud, the aspect of personality that is totally unconscious is the<br />

a. superego<br />

b. ego<br />

c. id<br />

d. ego ideal<br />

20. The portion of the personality that mediates between instinctual demands and the world ofreality is the<br />

a. ego<br />

b. superego<br />

c. id<br />

d. ego ideal<br />

21. Finding ways to meet instinctual needs and still take into account the conditions of the external, social world<br />

defines the , the basic operating theme of the _<br />

a. reality principle; id<br />

b. reality principle; ego<br />

c. pleasure principle; id<br />

d. pleasure principle; ego<br />

22. Sarah is tom between the need to study for an exam and her desire to go out with her friends. She decides<br />

that she will go out later only if she completes her studying. This realistic decision reflects the functioning of<br />

Sarah's<br />

a. id<br />

b. ego<br />

c. superego<br />

d. unconscious<br />

23. Which of the following is not characteristic of primary-process thinking?<br />

a. illogical<br />

b. primitive<br />

c. irrational<br />

d. reality oriented<br />

24. Primary process thinking is associated with the and secondary process thinking is associated<br />

with the ----a.<br />

ego; superego<br />

b. superego; id<br />

c. ego; id<br />

d. id; ego<br />

3


Name: _ ID: A -<br />

25. Cari often has temper tantrums and pouts when she can't have her own way. She often behaves impulsively<br />

and becomes extremely impatient if she can't have the things that she wants immediately. According to<br />

Freud's view of the personality, Cari's personality appears to be dominated by<br />

a. her ego<br />

b. her id<br />

c. reaction formation<br />

d. her superego<br />

26. The superego is Freud's term for<br />

a. the biological impulses<br />

b. the mediating agent between "inside" and "outside"<br />

c. the defensive aspect of personality makeup<br />

d. the moral component of personality<br />

27. Howard sets extremely high standards for both himself and others. He tends to be rigid and inflexible and<br />

rarely allows himselfto enjoy life. Freud would probably conclude that Howard is dominated by<br />

a. his superego<br />

b. his id<br />

c. his ego<br />

d. penis envy<br />

28. Which of the following is not characteristic of secondary-process thinking?<br />

a. rational<br />

b. primitive<br />

c. realistic<br />

d. oriented toward problem solving<br />

29. According to Freud, the unconscious can reveal itself through<br />

a. dreams<br />

b. slips of the tongue<br />

.c. psychoanalysis<br />

d. all of the above<br />

30. Which of the following is not one of the levels of awareness proposed by Freud?<br />

a. conscious<br />

b. unconscious<br />

c. preconscious<br />

d. collective unconscious<br />

31. According to Freud's theory, repressed sexual desires are most likely to be found in which level of<br />

awareness?<br />

a. conscious<br />

b. unconscious<br />

c. preconscious<br />

d. collective unconscious<br />

32. Freud ascribed great importance to sexual and aggressive impulses, mainly because<br />

a. they tend to be routinely frustrated<br />

b. they are essential to the survival of the species<br />

c. they dominate our dreams<br />

d. they tend to be reinforced by others<br />

4


Name: _ ID: A<br />

33. According to Freud, conflicts centering on which of the following impulses are especially likely to have<br />

far-reaching consequences?<br />

a. greed<br />

b. aggression<br />

c. affiliation<br />

d. achievement<br />

34. The impending possibility of a forbidden impulse getting out of control and being expressed in behavior<br />

would be most apt to produce in the person.<br />

a. anxiety<br />

b. impulse gratification<br />

c. secondary gain<br />

d. depression<br />

35. Defense mechanisms combat feelings of anxiety and guilt<br />

a. through self-deception<br />

b. through rational problem solving<br />

c. by enhancing self-insight<br />

d. by making unconscious urges conscious<br />

36. Giving self-justifying plausible excuses that hide the real reasons for our behavior defines the defense<br />

mechanism known as<br />

a. regression<br />

b. reaction formation<br />

c. projection<br />

i ~ d. rationalization<br />

37. The process of pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious and keeping them there is known as<br />

a. neurogenic amnesia<br />

b. suppression<br />

c. avoidance<br />

d. repression<br />

38. Attributing one's own thoughts or motives to others defines<br />

a. reaction formation<br />

b. rationalization<br />

c. projection<br />

d. regression<br />

39. Hal is fearful of men who are friendly toward him, convinced that they are all homosexuals attempting to<br />

seduce him. Should it be the case that Hal is himself a latent homosexual fearful of admitting this even to<br />

himself, we might conclude that he is using the defense mechanisms of repression and<br />

a. reaction formation<br />

b. projection<br />

c. displacement<br />

d. regression<br />

40. A man who has numerous reasons to hate his mother instead lavishes her with unrealistic amounts of<br />

attention and love. He is probably exhibiting the defense mechanism of<br />

a. regression<br />

b. identification<br />

c. reaction formation<br />

d. displacement<br />

5


Name: _ ill: A<br />

41. Whenever Wanda is denied anything by her husband, she pouts and gives him the silent treatment. This<br />

immature way of dealing with reality can be referred to as<br />

a. regression<br />

b. reaction formation<br />

c. displacement<br />

d. projection<br />

42. John worries about his tendency toward abusing animals, so he joins the Association for the Prevention of<br />

Cruelty to Animals. John's behavior can be viewed as an example of<br />

a. reaction formation<br />

b. projection<br />

c. regression<br />

d. rationalization<br />

43. The defense mechanism of bolstering one's self esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some<br />

person or group is referred to as<br />

a. compensation<br />

b. displacement<br />

c. regression<br />

d. identification<br />

44. As an adult, going back to an earlier way of gratifying needs defines<br />

a. repression<br />

b. fixation<br />

c. regression<br />

d. reaction formation<br />

45. Candice has just joined a sorority as a means of bolstering her self-esteem. Her behavior reflects the use of<br />

_____ as a defense mechanism.<br />

a. identification<br />

b. immersion<br />

c. regression<br />

d. projection<br />

46. Scott has just been reprimanded by his supervisor. Later on, Scott begins to "stomp around" and throws a<br />

tantrum in front of his co-workers. Scott's behavior exemplifies which of the following?<br />

a. a fixation<br />

b. projection<br />

c. regression<br />

d. rationalization<br />

47. Freud used the term "sexual" in his psychosexual stages of development to mean<br />

a. genital sexual impulses<br />

b. any pleasure-giving urge<br />

c. general sexual feelings<br />

d. none of these things<br />

48. Failure to resolve conflict at a particular stage of psychosexual development may lead to failure to move<br />

forward psychologically, a phenomenon that Freud called<br />

a. fixation<br />

b. displacement<br />

c. reciprocal determinism<br />

d. compensation<br />

6


Nlime: _ ill: A<br />

49. According to Freud, a person may become fixated at a particular psychosexual stage because of<br />

a. permissiveness on the part of the person's parents<br />

b. a genetic predisposition for fixation<br />

c. either excessive gratification or excessive frustration of needs<br />

d. abnormalities in brain chemistry that develop prenatally<br />

50. The order of the stages in psychosexual development is<br />

a. anal, oral, phallic, genital, latency<br />

b. oral, anal, latency, phallic, genital<br />

c. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital<br />

d. anal, oral, genital, latency, phallic<br />

51. A Freudian might explain a compulsive smoker's behavior as being the result of fixation at the<br />

a. anal stage<br />

b. oral stage<br />

c. latency stage<br />

d. genital stage<br />

52. According to Freud, the crucial event during the anal stage of psychosexual development is<br />

a. toilet training<br />

b. the emergence of the superego<br />

c. resolution of the Oedipal complex<br />

d. having to keep one's room clean and neat<br />

53. The Oedipal complex, of such great importance in Freud's thinking, occurs during the stage of<br />

psychosexual development.<br />

a. oral<br />

b. anal<br />

c. phallic<br />

d. latency<br />

54. During the latency stage, children<br />

a. attempt to cope with the desires they have for their same-sex parent<br />

b. begin to focus their sexual energy on their opposite-sex peers<br />

c. turn their biological urges loose<br />

d. begin to expand their social contacts beyond the immediate family<br />

55. The Freudian period that begins with puberty is the<br />

a. anal stage<br />

b. genital stage<br />

c. phallic stage<br />

d. latency stage<br />

56. The idea that a male child desires his mother and fears his father illustrates the<br />

a. genital complex<br />

b. latency complex<br />

c. Oedipal complex<br />

d. Electra complex<br />

57. Both Carl Jung and Alfred Adler were especially critical of Freud's emphasis on<br />

a. the influence of childhood experiences<br />

b. sexuality<br />

c. the unconscious<br />

d. defense mechanisms<br />

7


Name: _ ID: A .<br />

58.<br />

59.<br />

60.<br />

6\.<br />

62.<br />

63.<br />

64.<br />

65.<br />

66.<br />

To differentiate his approach from Freud's psychoanalytic theory, Carl Jung used the name<br />

a. individual psychology<br />

b. depth psychology<br />

c. analytical psychology<br />

d. existential psychology<br />

Freud's concept of the unconscious is most like Jung's<br />

a. preconscious<br />

b. personal unconscious<br />

c. collective unconscious<br />

d. archetypes<br />

What is the name Carl Jung used to identify the level of the unconscious that stores latent memory traces<br />

inherited from our ancestral past?<br />

a. personal unconscious<br />

b. preconscious<br />

c. primeval unconscious<br />

d. collective unconscious<br />

In Jung's theory, emotionally charged images and thought forms that have universal meaning are called<br />

a. archetypes.<br />

b. prototypes<br />

c. mandalas<br />

d. central memories<br />

Carl Jung's concept ofthe collective unconscious includes<br />

a. the presence of archetypes<br />

b. similarities in the form of myths and dreams throughout the world<br />

c. possible biologically based human thought forms<br />

d. all of these things<br />

Roberto tends to focus on people and things around him and is outgoing, talkative, and friendly. Jung would<br />

refer to Roberto as an<br />

a. extravert<br />

b. animus-type personality<br />

c. external locus of control individual<br />

d. iconoclast<br />

A person who is occupied with his own thoughts and feelings, aloof, and contemplative exemplifies what<br />

Jung described as the type.<br />

a. introspective<br />

b. extraverted<br />

c. reflective<br />

d. introverted<br />

The sickly child who goes on to become a forceful, physically active adult is engaging in what Adler called<br />

a. compensation<br />

b. displacement<br />

c. fixation<br />

d. regression<br />

According to Alfred Adler, overcompensation may be found in those who<br />

a. have a superiority complex<br />

b. have an inferiority complex<br />

c. are fixated at one of the psychosexual stages<br />

d. have not been successful in the use of defense mechanisms<br />

8


Name: _ ill: A<br />

67. Having exaggerated feeling of weakness and inadequacy is referred to as<br />

a. an inferiority complex<br />

b. an incongruent personality<br />

c. a dysfunctional self-concept<br />

d. an Oedipal complex<br />

68. The psychodynamic theories of personality have been criticized for which ofthe following?<br />

a. sexIsm<br />

b. lack of testability<br />

c. inadequate supportive evidence<br />

d. all of these reasons<br />

69. The theoretical orientation that argues that psychology should study only observable behavior is<br />

a. rational-emotive<br />

b. behaviorism<br />

c. humanism<br />

d. invasive<br />

70. Research in the behavioral tradition has focused largely on which of the following?<br />

a. learning<br />

b. personality<br />

c. social behavior<br />

d. sensation and perception<br />

71. Which of the following terms is least closely associated with Skinner's view of personality?<br />

a. determinism<br />

b. reinforcement<br />

c. unconscious motivation<br />

d. response tendencies<br />

72. Which of the following definitions of "personality" best reflects the views ofB. F. Skinner?<br />

a. stable behavioral traits that evolve as a function of natural selection<br />

b. a collection of response tendencies that are tied to various stimulus situations<br />

c. consistent patterns of behavior that occur as a result of unconscious impulses<br />

d. innate behavioral tendencies that reflect a unique pattern of genetic predispositions<br />

73. Albert Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism is best summarized as<br />

a. "The environment continually shapes us."<br />

b. "Humans continually shape the environment."<br />

c. "Environments shape humans and humans shape environments."<br />

d. "Each person's world is his or her own." .<br />

74. In explaining a person's aggressiveness, a social learning theorist would favor which of the following<br />

explanations?<br />

a. an inferiority complex<br />

b. unconscious forces<br />

c. observational learning<br />

d. unresolved conflicts<br />

75. A social learning theorist would most likely explain the behavior of a spoiled brat in terms of which of the<br />

following?<br />

a. personality defects of the child<br />

b. unresolved conflicts between the child and the parents<br />

c. learning through observation and reinforcement<br />

d. a genetic predisposition resulting in a high need for attention<br />

9


Name: _ ID: A<br />

76. Social learning theory has demonstrated that we are most likely to imitate the behavior of<br />

a. those whom we like or respect<br />

b. those whom we perceive as being similar to ourselves<br />

c. those whom we consider to be attractive or powerful<br />

d. any ofthese people<br />

77. The belief that one has the ability to perform behaviors<br />

as<br />

that should lead to expected outcomes is referred to<br />

a. self-efficacy<br />

b. self-monitoring<br />

c. self-control<br />

d. self-justification<br />

78. Research findings indicate that feelings of greater self-efficacy are associated with which of the following?<br />

a. greater success in giving up smoking<br />

b. higher levels of academic performance<br />

c. enhanced performance in athletic competition<br />

d. all of these things<br />

Which of the following parental behaviors is not likely to foster self-efficacy in children?<br />

79.<br />

80.<br />

81.<br />

82.<br />

83.<br />

84.<br />

a. early independence training<br />

b. warm support<br />

c. providing a stimulating environment<br />

d. punitive disciplinary techniques<br />

The fact that we tend to behave differently in different situations has led Walter Mischel to contend that<br />

behavior tends to be .<br />

a. situationally specific<br />

b. situationally consistent<br />

c. reliable<br />

.d. situationally similar<br />

Which of the following is not a criticism of the behavioral approach to personality?<br />

a. overdependence on animal research<br />

b. neglect of biological factors<br />

c. use of extensive empirical research<br />

d. providing a fragmented view of personality<br />

Both the psychoanalytic and behavioral theories of behavior have been criticized for which of the following?<br />

a. the belief that behavior is dominated by primitive, animalistic drives<br />

b. the failure to recognize the unique qualities of human behavior<br />

c. preoccupation with animal research<br />

d. fragmented view of personality<br />

The approach that stresses the individual's freedom, uniqueness, and growth potential is<br />

a. social learning theory<br />

b. Gestalt theory<br />

c. behaviorism<br />

d. humanism<br />

The most optimistic view of human nature is found in the<br />

a. psychoanalytic approach<br />

b. behavioral approach<br />

c. cognitive approach<br />

d. humanistic approach<br />

10


Name: _ ill: A<br />

85. The term used to refer to an appreciation of an individual's personal, subjective experiences as a way to<br />

understand behavior is<br />

a. epistemology<br />

b. philosophy<br />

c. phenomenology<br />

d. self-efficacy<br />

86. Which ofthe following statements is least likely to be made by a humanist?<br />

a. People are rational.<br />

b. People are dominated by unconscious conflicts.<br />

c. People can rise above their animal heritage.<br />

d. People are unique.<br />

87. According to Carl Rogers, if your self-concept is reasonably accurate, it is said to be<br />

a. congruent with reality<br />

b. self-actualized<br />

c. extraverted<br />

d. valid<br />

88. The collection of beliefs about one's own nature, unique qualities, and typical behavior is referred to as one's<br />

... .,according to Rogers.<br />

a. self-concept<br />

b. phenomenology<br />

c. state of incongruence<br />

d. level of self-actualization<br />

{~ 89. According to Rogers, for a child to develop a healthy personality the parents must<br />

a. avoid the use of punishment<br />

b. address the child's ego needs<br />

c. exhibit unconditional love toward the child<br />

d. create an atmosphere of intellectual stimulation<br />

90. According to Carl Rogers, troublesome anxiety is caused by<br />

a. unresolved sexual conflicts<br />

b. unconditional love<br />

c. threats to our self-concept<br />

d. the use of defense mechanisms<br />

91. According to Carl Rogers, people with highly self-concepts are especially likely to be plagued<br />

by recurrent anxiety.<br />

a. objective<br />

b. subjective<br />

c. congruent<br />

d. incongruent<br />

92. In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the needs are considered to be the most basic needs and the first<br />

priority.<br />

a. physiological<br />

b. safety and security<br />

c. aesthetic and cognitive<br />

d. self-actualization<br />

II


Name: ID: A<br />

93. Your needs to live in a crime-free neighborhood, save money, buy insurance, and have a stable job are<br />

examples of which of the following kinds of needs?<br />

a. physiological<br />

b. safety and security<br />

c. love and belongingness<br />

d. esteem<br />

94. Imagine a neighborhood in which a hurricane has caused extensive flooding. Many ofthe residents have had<br />

their homes damaged or destroyed. At the time, however, the material loss is unimportant as the residents<br />

think only of escaping the flood. Maslow would say this is because the residents' needs are<br />

threatened.<br />

a. physiological<br />

b. safety and security<br />

c. esteem<br />

d. self-actualization<br />

95. Your needs for social status and for respect and recognition from others reflect the __ __ needs in<br />

Maslow's hierarchy.<br />

a. cognitive<br />

b. esteem<br />

c. aesthetic<br />

d. love and belongingness<br />

96. Your needs to learn all you can about philosophy, and understand the inner workings of our political system<br />

are examples of needs.<br />

a. aesthetic<br />

b. esteem<br />

c. cognitive<br />

d. self-actualization<br />

97. What need was Abraham Maslow expressing when he said that "what a man can be, he must be"?<br />

a. the need for superiority<br />

b. the need for unconditional love<br />

c. the need to self-actualize<br />

d. the need to achieve'<br />

98. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a self-actualizing person?<br />

a. being realistic<br />

b. being open and spontaneous<br />

c. enjoying peak experiences<br />

d. having a strong need to affiliate with many people<br />

99. Awed by the grandeur of nature, the hiker experienced a profound emotional high. Maslow called such<br />

experiences<br />

a. ecstatic experiences<br />

b. sublimation<br />

c. peak experiences<br />

d. archetypal experiences<br />

100. According to Maslow's theory, the self-actualizing pers~n would be least likely to<br />

a. have a limited number of strong friendships<br />

b. be spontaneous and neutral in exchanges<br />

c. have somewhat mystical experiences<br />

d. be uncomfortable when alone or detached<br />

12


Name: _ ill: A<br />

101. Which of the following is one of the major criticisms of the humanistic approach to personality?<br />

a. It is too deterministic.<br />

b. It is too optimistic about human nature.<br />

c. It presents a fragmented view of personality.<br />

d. It de-emphasizes the subjective nature of self-concept.<br />

102. Which of the following criticisms can be leveled against both the psychoanalytic approach and the<br />

humanistic approach to personality?<br />

a. poor testability<br />

b. too deterministic<br />

c. overemphasis on the influence of early childhood experiences<br />

d. provide a fragmented view of personality<br />

103. Being sociable, assertive, active, and lively is associated with the higher-order trait of according<br />

to Eysenck.<br />

a. extraversion<br />

b. self-monitoring<br />

c. locus of control<br />

d. intraception<br />

104. According to Han Eysenck, which of the following is not considered a higher-order trait?<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. psychoticism<br />

d. agreeableness<br />

{ 105. According to Han Eysenck, involves being anxious, tense, moody, and low in self-esteem.<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. psychoticism<br />

c. extraversion<br />

d. introversion<br />

106. According to Han Eysenck, involves being egocentric, impulsive, cold, and antisocial.<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. psychoticism<br />

c. extraversion<br />

d. introversion<br />

107. The findings from twin studies indicate that identical twins are much more similar than fraternal twins on<br />

which of the following?<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. conscientiousness<br />

d. all of the Big Five personality traits<br />

108. Research on genes and personality indicates that the heritability estimates for personality traits are<br />

approximately percent.<br />

a. 25<br />

b. 50<br />

c. 75<br />

d. 95<br />

13


Name: ------------<br />

109.<br />

110.<br />

111.<br />

112.<br />

113.<br />

114.<br />

115.<br />

116.<br />

Findings from behavioral genetics research indicate that<br />

a. situational factors contributed most to similarities<br />

b. family factors contributed most to similarities<br />

c. genetic factors contributed most to similarities<br />

d. all three components contributed about equally<br />

Research on the heritability of personality shows that appears to have a surprisingly small<br />

ID: A<br />

impact on personality.<br />

a. shared family environment<br />

b. heredity<br />

c. unique experiences<br />

d. unconscious motivation<br />

According to the evolutionary approach to personality, humans have evolved special sensitivity to variations<br />

in the ability to cooperate and collaborate with others, which is closely associated with which 'ofthe<br />

following Big Five personality traits?<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. agreeableness<br />

d. conscientiousness<br />

According to the evolutionary approach to personality, humans have evolved special sensitivity to variations<br />

in the tendency to be reliable and ethical, which is closely associated with which ofthe following Big Five<br />

personality traits?<br />

a. neuroticism<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. agreeableness<br />

d. conscientiousness<br />

Which of the following is not one of the main weaknesses in biological approaches to personality?<br />

a. conceptual problems with heritability estimates<br />

b. an overly optimistic view of human nature<br />

c. the difficulty of separating the effects of nature and nurture<br />

d. the lack of a comprehensive theory<br />

The generalized preference for high or low levels of sensory stimulation is referred to as<br />

a. self-monitoring<br />

b. sensation seeking<br />

c. locus of control<br />

d. level of intraception<br />

Jack is an adventuresome fellow who feels most alive when he is putting his life at risk. Marvin Zuckerman<br />

would say that Jack is high in<br />

a. self-actualization<br />

b. impulse behavior<br />

c. sensation seeking<br />

d. self-monitoring<br />

All but which of the following are characteristic of high sensation seekers?<br />

a. uninhibited<br />

b. adventuresome<br />

c. low tolerance for stress<br />

d. low tolerance for routine and repetition<br />

14


Name: _ ill: A<br />

117. The degree to which people attend to and try to control the impression they make on others defines the<br />

concept of<br />

a. self-consciousness<br />

b. extraversion<br />

c. self-determination<br />

d. self-monitoring<br />

118. Which of the following individuals is most likely to be good at spotting deceptive impression management in<br />

other people?<br />

a. the sensation seeker<br />

b. the high self-monitor<br />

c. the low self-monitor<br />

d. the self-actualized person<br />

119. Gina is good at presenting herself to a group of persons, is able to detect if someone is trying to manipulate<br />

her, and has a difficult time making a genuine emotional commitment. Gina is mostlikely to be classified as<br />

a. an introvert<br />

b. an extravert<br />

c. high in introspection<br />

d. a high self-monitor<br />

120. Rather than having a few "best friends," Peter tends to select companions based on the event he plans to<br />

attend or the activity in which he plans to engage. Peter sounds as ifhe is<br />

a. high in self-monitoring<br />

b. someone with an external locus of control<br />

i~ c. a sensation seeker<br />

d. an extravert<br />

121. American parents are least likely to teach their children to<br />

a. be self-reliant<br />

b. feel good about themselves<br />

c. view themselves as special individuals<br />

d. be modest about their personal accomplishments<br />

122. Parents in Asian cultures are most likely to teach their children to<br />

a. be self-reliant<br />

b. rely on family and friends<br />

c. feel good about themselves<br />

d. view themselves as special individuals<br />

123. A person who is suspicious, aloof, guarded, worrisome, and overly sensitive is likely to score high on which<br />

ofthe following clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)?<br />

a. hysteria<br />

b. paranoia<br />

c. depression<br />

d. social introversion<br />

124. A person who is moody, shy, pessimistic, and distressed is likely to score high on which of the following<br />

clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPl)?<br />

a. hysteria<br />

b. paranoia<br />

c. depression<br />

d. social introversion<br />

15


Name: ID: A<br />

125. A person who is shy, withdrawn, reserved, submissive, tense, and inflexible is likely to score high on which ~<br />

of the following clinical scales ofthe Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)?<br />

a. hysteria<br />

b. paranoia<br />

c. depression<br />

d. social introversion<br />

126. One of the problems with self-report personality inventories is that respondents may answer questions in<br />

ways that make them look good. This tendency is called a<br />

a. social desirability bias<br />

b. response set<br />

c. perceptual set<br />

d. self-serving bias<br />

127. A personality measure that asks you to respond freely to an ambiguous stimulus such as a picture or an<br />

inkblot is called a<br />

a. self-report personality inventory<br />

b. projective test.<br />

c. behavior rating<br />

d. deceptive test<br />

128. The Thematic Apperception Test is composed of<br />

a. inkblots<br />

b. forced-choice items<br />

c. ambiguous pictures<br />

d. true-false items<br />

16


'ersonality Practice Test<br />

Answer Section<br />

MULTIPLE CHOICE<br />

I. A<br />

2. A<br />

3, D<br />

4. B<br />

5. C<br />

6, B<br />

7. A<br />

S. D<br />

9. D<br />

10. C<br />

II. C<br />

12. A<br />

13. B<br />

14, C<br />

15. B<br />

16. C<br />

17. A<br />

IS, D<br />

19. C<br />

20. A<br />

21. B<br />

22, B<br />

23. D<br />

24. D<br />

25. B<br />

26. D<br />

27. A<br />

2S. B<br />

29. D<br />

30, D<br />

31. B<br />

32, A<br />

33, B<br />

34. A<br />

35. A<br />

36. D<br />

37. D<br />

3S. C<br />

39. B<br />

ill: A


40. C<br />

41. A<br />

42. A<br />

43. D<br />

44. C<br />

45. A<br />

46. C<br />

47. B<br />

48. A<br />

49. C<br />

50. C<br />

51. B<br />

52. A<br />

53. C<br />

54. D<br />

55. B<br />

56. C<br />

57. B<br />

58. C<br />

59. B<br />

60. D<br />

61. A<br />

62. D<br />

63. A<br />

64. D<br />

65. A<br />

66. B<br />

67. A<br />

68. D<br />

69. B<br />

70. A<br />

71. C<br />

72. B<br />

73. C<br />

74. C<br />

75. C<br />

76. D<br />

77. A<br />

78. D<br />

79. D<br />

80. A<br />

81. C<br />

82. B<br />

83. D<br />

84. D<br />

85. C<br />

86. B<br />

87. A<br />

88. A<br />

89. C<br />

90. C<br />

91. D<br />

92. A<br />

93. B<br />

94. B<br />

95. B<br />

96. C<br />

97. C<br />

98. D<br />

99. C<br />

100. D<br />

101. B<br />

102. A<br />

103. A<br />

104. D<br />

105. A<br />

106. B<br />

107. D<br />

108. B<br />

109. C<br />

110. A<br />

111. C<br />

112. D<br />

113. B<br />

114. B<br />

115. C<br />

116. C<br />

117. D<br />

118. B<br />

119. 0<br />

120. A<br />

121. 0<br />

122. B<br />

123. B<br />

124. C<br />

125. D<br />

126. A<br />

127. B<br />

128. C<br />

2<br />

ill: A

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