Global Drought Monitoring Service through the GEOSS Architecture ...

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Architectural Implementation Pilot, Phase 3 Version: 2.0 Global Drought Monitoring and European Drought Observatory-Water SBA Engineering Report Date: 11/Feb/2011 the GDMP Scenario As noted above, a scenario is the listing, step-by-step, of the user requirements (for drought monitoring), showing which GEOSS resources and components are utilized within the retrieval of drought maps and information (such as soil moisture) for users. Table 4 Objective: Obtain a Drought Overview of a Given Area on the Terrestrial Earth, along with detailed information on affected regions Step 01: Obtain Drought Indices from the Global Drought Monitor Step 01.1: Obtain Drought Indices through standard services Step 01.2: A dedicated WPS processes the drought index and calculates the drought hazard Step 02: A dedicated WPS processes the drought index and calculates the drought hazard Step 02.1: The WPS retrieves the Drought Index through the WCS Step 02.2: The WPS executes the hazard detection model and, where detected, sends an alert to the decision support tool Step 03: Drought Hazard Related Information Discovery Step 03.1: The decision maker uses the decision support tool to submit a query to the augmented search component in order to discover drought hazard related information (datasets) Step 03.2: The EuroGEOSS Broker mediates the query request, distributing it to its federated services Step 03.3: The Decision maker uses the Decision Support System to select one or more drought hazard related information datasets, among the ones returned by the query Presentation of Reachable Services and Alerts Step 03.4: The Decision Support Tool submits an access request to the EuroGEOSS Broker in order to retrieve the user-selected drought hazard information datasets Interact with Services Step 04: Visualization and Assessment of Information Step 04.1: The Decision Support Tool displays the accessed drought hazard information datasets, combining them with the potential hazard layer Step 04.2: The decision maker assesses the drought hazard impact 4.3.1 Display of Selection Bar for Drought Indices, Processing to Derive Dehydration and Drought Severity, and Drought Map Republication The Global Drought Scenario steps, by themselves, are relatively abstract, and are best understood by following the actual presentation given within the videos, “Drought—Global.” 31 31 http://www.ogcnetwork.net/pub/ogcnetwork/GEOSS/AIP3/pages/Demo.html Page 42
Architectural Implementation Pilot, Phase 3 Version: 2.0 Global Drought Monitoring and European Drought Observatory-Water SBA Engineering Report Date: 11/Feb/2011 Step 01 within the European Drought Observatory is equivalent to providing with users the ability to select one of multiple drought indicators. EDO makes available to users the choice of Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture Anomaly, and several remote sensing-based measures of vegetation health, such as fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetic Active Radiation (fAPAR) in the case of EDO and VegDRI in the case of NIDIS (over the USA). The GDMP does not yet have the extensive development to support independent display of multiple drought indicators and indices. As noted above, SPI is already being displayed on the “Current Conditions” map. Step 02 is the processing loop of taking the selected drought indicator, running the indicator over a selected spatial domain or region, and then returning a republished map which displays the level of drought intensity or severity within this area (if drought is present at all). The current GDMP configuration displays the integrated drought severity ranking system of Figure 5 for North America and the integrated drought severity ranking system deployed by EDO for the European Community. (A drought severity ranking system is being developed for Africa and is not yet deployed. The Figure 5 system can be adapted to soil moisture percentiles, which is a drought indicator within the Princeton African Drought Monitor system). Under the current system, users would have to drill down to the North American Drought Monitor and from there to the USA, Canada, or Mexico, in order to select individual drought indicators, such as those on display on the NIDIS portal. Drought Indicators are made available on the NIDIS site. 32 SPI may not be an adequate drought indicator for semiarid areas, such as areas where sources of water may be water crossing a national boundary from a snowmelt runoff mountain zone (like Central Asia), or areas where complicated moisture fluxes within the vadose zone may reverse direction and return back to the surface. The North American map currently displays drought zones using the National Drought Mitigation Center drought severity ranking system shown in Figure 5(a), while EDO deploys the “indicator” alert system shown in Figure 5(b). 4.3.2 Layout and Organization of the GDMP within the NIDIS GIS Server The home page (index page) of the NIDIS portal is accessible from the World Wide Web. 33 Underneath the NIDIS banner, “US Drought Portal” is a list of subcategories: “Home,” “What is NIDIS,” “Current Drought,” “Forecasting,” etc. The URL for “current drought,” 34 the URL for “forecasting” 35 show the navigation within the portal: the category item is located in the 32 http://www.drought.gov/portal/server.pt/community/drought_indicators/223 33 http://www.drought.gov/portal/server.pt/community/drought.gov/202 34 http://www.drought.gov/portal/server.pt/community/current_drought/208 35 http://www.drought.gov/portal/server.pt/community/forecasting/209 Page 43
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