Global Drought Monitoring Service through the GEOSS Architecture ...

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Architectural Implementation Pilot, Phase 3 Version: 2.0 Global Drought Monitoring and European Drought Observatory-Water SBA Engineering Report Date: 11/Feb/2011 2.7 South American Continent 2.7.1 Republic of Argentina Servicio Meteorologic Nacional Drought Monitoring Figure 4 (a) Hydrological Balance and (b) Precipitation is deducted from potential evapotranspiration (left) to estimate hydrologic balance difference with the previous decade (Nunez 2010). The Republic of Argentina SMN assembles maps of the hydrologic balance, which are included within daily, monthly, and decadal bulletins which also include maps of number of consecutive dry days, and NDVI-based vegetation health. Precipitation exhibits a non-normal statistical distribution. Argentina uses 1960-1990 as its base “climatology” in determining “average” conditions out of which drought episodes is detected. Page 26
Architectural Implementation Pilot, Phase 3 Version: 2.0 Global Drought Monitoring and European Drought Observatory-Water SBA Engineering Report Date: 11/Feb/2011 2.7.1.1 Integration of Republic of Argentina SMN Drought Coverage into the Global Drought Monitor Users should be able to access the Global Drought Monitor from anywhere on the World Wide Web and see the drought coverage for their respective countries in the form that they see it and utilize it within their native countries. Yet, at the same time, the methodology that is identifying droughts over Brasil or Paraguay should be able to identify droughts, if they are present, over Argentina, as well. Hence, some standardization of drought indicators is required, since one of the objectives of Global Drought Monitoring is to improve the accuracy with which drought is being recorded all over the planet. One approach is to find a proportional relationship between the range of the drought indicator used in the native country and the drought severity range, either used by the US National Drought Mitigation Center or by EDO, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. The drought severity ranking system employed by the North American Drought Monitor was developed by the USA University of Nebraska Lincoln. This system has a colorized code which is linked to Standardized Precipitation Index (Figure 5). Figure 5 (a) and (b) compare the National Drought Mitigation Center drought severity ranking system with the drought severity ranking system employed by the European Drought Observatory. Eventually, the two systems will have to be linked (or made interoperable). Page 27
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