Sampling Vegetation Attributes - Natural Resources Conservation ...

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REFERENCES Floyd, D.A. and J.E. Anderson. 1983. A new point interception frame for estimating cover of vegetation. Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Radioecology and Ecology Programs 1983 Progress Report, pp. 107-113. ———. 1987. A comparison of three methods for estimating plant cover. Journal of Ecology 75: 229-245. Francis, Richard E., Richard S. Driscoll, and Jack N. Reppert. 1972. Loop-frequency as related to plant cover, herbage production, and plant density. U.S. Dept. of Agr., For. Ser., Rocky Mtn. For. and Range Exp. Sta., Ft. Collins, CO. Research Paper MA-94. 15 p. Freese, Frank. 1962. Elementary forest sampling. U.S. Dept. of Agr., For. Ser., Agr. Handbook No. 232. 91 p. ———. 1967. Elementary statistical methods for foresters. U.S. Dept. of Agr., For. Ser., Agr. Handbook No. 317. 87 p. Goldstein, R. 1989. Power and sample size via MS/PC-DOS computers. American Statistician 43:253-260. Goodall, D.W. 1952. Some considerations in the use of point quadrats for the analysis of vegetation. Aust. J. Sci. Res., Series B 5:1-41. Greig-Smith, P. 1983. Quantitative plant ecology. 3rd Ed. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA. Hanley, Thomas A. 1978. A comparison of the line-interception and quadrat estimation methods of determining shrub canopy coverage. J. Range Manage. 31:60-62. Hansen, Herbert C. 1962. Dictionary of ecology. Bonanza Books, Crown Publishers, Inc., New York. 382 p. Harniss, Roy 0. and Robert B. Murray. 1976. Reducing bias in dry leaf weight estimates of big sagebrush. Jr. Range Manage. 29:430-432. Hart, R.H. 1980. Determining a proper stocking rate for a grazing system. In: Proceedings, Grazing Management Systems for South West Rangelands Symposium, Range Improvement Task Force, New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM, pp.49-64. Heady, Harold F. 1961. Continuous vs. specialized grazing systems: a review and application to the California annual type. J. Range Manage. 14:182-193. Heintz, T.W., J.K. Lewis, and S.S. Waller. 1979. Low-level aerial photography as a management and research tool for range inventory. J. Range Manage. 32:247-249. Hewitt, George B., Ellis W. Huddleston, Robert J. Lavigne, Darrell N. Ueckert, and J. Gordon Watts. 1974. Rangeland entomology. Society for Range Management, Range Science Series No. 2. 127 p. 141
142 REFERENCES Hironaka, M. 1985. Frequency approaches to monitor rangeland vegetation. Symp. on use of frequency and for rangeland monitoring. William C. Krueger, Chairman. Proc., 38th Annual Meeting, Soc. for Range Manag. Feb. 1985. Salt Lake City, UT. Soc. for Range Manage. 84-86. Hyder, D.N., C.E. Conrad, P.T. Tueller, L.D. Calvin, C.E. Poulton, and F.A. Sneva. 1963. Frequency sampling of sagebrush-bunchgrass vegetation. Ecology 44:740-746. Hyder, D.N., R.E. Bement, E.E. Remmenga, and C. Terwilliger, Jr. 1965. Frequency sampling of blue grama range. J. Range Manage. 18:94-98. Hyder, D.N., R.E. Bement, and C. Terwilliger. 1966. Vegetation-soils and vegetationgrazing relations from frequency data. J. Range Manage. 19:11-17. Jardine, J.T. and Forsling, C.L. 1922. Range and cattle management during drought. USDA Bul. 1031, 84 p. Jasmer, Gerald E. and Jerry Holechek. 1984. Determining Grazing Intensity on Rangelands. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 39(1):32-35. Jones, M.B. and R.A. Evans. 1959. Modification of the step-point method for evaluating species yield changes in fertilizer trials on annual grasslands. Agron. J. 51:467-470. Kennedy, K.A. and P.A. Addison. 1987. Some considerations for the use of visual estimates of plant cover in biomonitoring. J. Ecology 75: 151-157. Kinsinger, Floyd E., Richard E. Eckert, and Pat 0. Currie. 1960. A comparison of the lineinterception, variable-plot, and loop methods as used to measure shrub-crown cover. J. Range Manage. 13:17-21. Krebs, C.J. 1989. Ecological methodology. Harper & Row, New York, NY. Lapin, Lawrence L. 1993. Statistics for Modern Business Decisions. 6th Ed. Dryden Press, Orlando, FL. 1265p. Laycock, W.A. 1987. Setting Objectives and Picking Appropriate Methods for Monitoring Vegetation on Rangelands. Rangeland Monitoring Workshop Proceedings. U.S. Department of Interior. Bureau of Land Management. Golden, CO. Levy, E.B. and E.A. Madden. 1933. The Point Method for Pasture Analysis. New Zealand J. Agric. 46: 267-279. Lillesand, Thomas M. and Ralph Kiefer. 1979. Remote sensing and image interpretation. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY. 612 p. Lucas, H.A. and G.A.F. Seber. 1977. Estimating coverage and particle density using the line intercept method. Biometricka 64:618-622. Lund, H. Gyde and Elise McNutt. 1979. Integrating inventories: an annotated bibliography. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, BLM Tech Note No. 333. 183 p.
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SAMPLING VEGETATION ATTRIBUTES INTE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS SAMPLING VEGETATI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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I. PREFACE PREFACE The intent of th
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2 INTRODUCTION values when individu
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4 INTRODUCTION represent the “pul
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6 INTRODUCTION G. Coordination Moni
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8 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS A. Plan
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10 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Macrop
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12 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Becaus
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14 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS d From
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16 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS b Cove
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18 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS sideoa
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4 3.5 3 2.5 20 5 STUDY DESIGN AND A
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22 STUDY DESIGN AND ANALYSIS C. Oth
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24 ATTRIBUTES Frequency is the numb
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26 ATTRIBUTES 2. Advantages and Lim
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28 ATTRIBUTES b Standing crop and p
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30 ATTRIBUTES
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32 METHODS—Photographs c Angle ir
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METHODS—Photographs Hinge Rod sta
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METHODS—Photographs angle iron st
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38 METHODS—Frequency • One tran
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40 METHODS—Frequency transected,
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42 METHODS—Frequency (3) Total fr
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Page of Frequency 44 Study Number D
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METHODS—Frequency The frame is ma
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50 METHODS—Dry Weight Rank C. Dry
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52 METHODS—Dry Weight Rank After
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D. Daubenmire Method METHODS—Daub
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METHODS—Daubenmire b Ten Cover Cl
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Page of Daubenmire Study Number Dat
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50 cm Six Cover Class Frame 20 cm R
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METHODS—Line Intercept b Pilot St
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METHODS—Line Intercept Hanley, Th
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70 METHODS—Step Point F. Step-Poi
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72 METHODS—Step Point the boot an
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74 METHODS—Step Point measures AN
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78 METHODS—Point Intercept G. Poi
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80 METHODS—Point Intercept 8. Sam
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82 METHODS—Point Intercept b Tran
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METHODS—Point Intercept Examples
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86 METHODS—Cover Board H. Cover B
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88 METHODS—Cover Board g Study Do
Page 98: Page of Cover Board Method Profile
Page 101 and 102: 94 METHODS—Density I. Density Met
Page 103 and 104: 96 METHODS—Density (often very mu
Page 105 and 106: 98 METHODS—Density able to make s
Page 107: Page of Density Study Number Date E
Page 110 and 111: • Herbage Yield Tables for Trees
Page 112 and 113: METHODS—Double Weight Sampling (4
Page 114 and 115: METHODS—Double Weight Sampling d
Page 116: Page of Production Study Number Dat
Page 119 and 120: 112 METHODS—Harvest K. Harvest Me
Page 121 and 122: 114 METHODS—Harvest 7. Taking Pho
Page 123 and 124: 116 METHODS—Comparative Yield L.
Page 125 and 126: 118 METHODS—Comparative Yield (1)
Page 127 and 128: 120 METHODS—Comparative Yield Tab
Page 130 and 131: M. Visual Obstruction Method - Robe
Page 132 and 133: METHODS—Visual Obstruction—Robe
Page 134: Sampling Interval Study Location 1
Page 137 and 138: 130 METHODS—Other N. Other Method
Page 139 and 140: 132 GLOSSARY browse: (1) the part o
Page 141 and 142: 134 GLOSSARY grazable woodland: for
Page 143 and 144: 136 GLOSSARY sample: a set of sampl
Page 145 and 146: 138 GLOSSARY
Page 147: 140 REFERENCES Crocker, R.L. and N.
Page 151 and 152: 144 REFERENCES Nie, Norman H., C. H
Page 153 and 154: 146 REFERENCES Society for Range Ma
Page 155 and 156: 148 REFERENCES Whitman, W.C. and E.
Page 157: Location 150 APPENDIX A Study Locat
Page 160 and 161: APPENDIX B APPENDIX B—STUDY AND P
Page 162 and 163: APPENDIX B 3. Label 3 A placard on
Page 164 and 165: APPENDIX C Photo Identification Lab
Page 167 and 168: 160 APPENDIX C
Page 169 and 170: 162 APPENDIX D The formula for usin
Page 171: Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Pub
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