A System of Heraldry - Clan Strachan Society

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8 OF THE RISE AND PROGRESS, &c. supporters. To these tournaments with us none were admitted but those that were truly noble, as is evident by their proclamations, directed, of old, to earl% barons, and knights ; and, since the reign of I. King James lords and barons ; for which see Lindsay of Pitscotie's Manuscript, in the Lawyers' Library at Edin- burgh. Having thus briefly given an account of the nature of tournaments, and the laws relative to nobility and arms, with a few instances of them, as solemnized both at home and abroad, I shall now add some observes from the ceremonies and customs used in the solemnities of tournaments, from some of their formulas which I have met with, from which some heralds bring the first use of exterior ornaments which adorn the shield, especially Menestrier. It was the custom of those who went to these military exercises, to be in a com- plete military equipage, with arms on their shields, surcoat, and caparisons of their horses, as they are to be seen on the equestrian sides of many ancient seals with us and other nations, and on several sculptures, as Plate I. with their esquires riding before, carrying their masters tilting-spears, with their pennons of arms at them ; and in their left hand, the timbre, i. e. the helmets which were to be worn in the exercise, adorned with pieces of silk, mistress's favours, wreaths, or torses, being of the tinctures of the arms, and their proper liveries, and thereupon the crest or device. When the knights came near the barriers, where the joustings were to be held, they blew and winded a horn or trumpet, which gave advertisement to the heralds, who were there attending, to come forth, to receive their name, armorial bearing, and their other proofs of nobility ; which accordingly they performed, and recorded in their books : From which, it is said, came Heraldry, or Art of Blazon, a German word, which signifies to wind a horn, now taken for a regular description of arms, in their proper terms ; whence the German families have their helmets frequently adorned with several horns or trumpets, to show how often they have jousted in tournaments. After the heralds have recorded the names, arms, and proofs of nobility of the knights, their shields of arms, with helmets, mantlings, wreaths, and crests, with which they were to joust, were hung up by the left corner, with the timbre, (in that posture which we call couchie, which we meet with in many shields of arms on old monuments and seals, and shows the owners had been received into tournaments) upon windows, pavilions, trees, barriers, or other fit places, near to the place of jousting, some days before the action ; to the end that every one might be known by his arms, crest and liveries, to the actors, judges and spectators : With whom, and the ladies, the heralds went about, and described the arms, and gave an account of their owners, whom the ladies took the freedom to praise or dispraise ; whence, sometimes, the word blazon is taken to praise or dispraise. Then challenges were given by the knights to one another, which were performed, by touching their shields with such weapon as they were to just with, cither with blunts or sharps. For the better understanding of which, I shall add here a piece of a formula of a tournament, held at Ingueleur in France, in the year 1389, sent by the French lords and gentlemen to the English, by way of a challenge, as in Segar's Treatise of Honour Civil and Military, Book III. being thus : " We likewise give you to understand, that such order is taken, that every ' ' ' one of us shall have his shield and impress hung on the outside of his pavilion, to the end if any one of you desire to run at tilts, then that the day before, you may with a lance, or such as you intend to joust with, touch the shield ; and who intends to try his fortune, with blunt and sharp, must touch the shield with ' both, and signify his name and arms to them that have our shields in keeping." Those who attended the shields, so hung and exposed, (which the French call a faire fenestre}, Menestrier tells us, were the knights' servants or pages, who were dressed in such fashions as their masters fancied, making them sometimes appear like savages, Saracens, Moors, Sirens, and other monsters ; and sometimes under the disguise of lions, bears, &- C . who guarded the shields, with one or more heralds, to take an account of the names and arms of those, as also their weapons, with which they touched the shields, and to list them for combat. From which customs and form, says our author, came the use of tenans and supporters, representing men and beasts, at the sides of the shield : So that those, it seems, who were
OF THE DEFINITION AND DIVISION OF ARMS. Q . Hiied to be admitted into jousts and tournaments, though but gentlemen hud ri^ht to carry supporters ; but now they are allowed to none under the dignity ol a lord-baron, except those who have right to them by prescription. But more of this afterwards, when I come to treat ot" the exterior ornaments. Having given my reader a general idea of the rise, growth, and improvement of arms, to the present structure we now find them 1 in, called Armorial Achievement -. I must put an end to this general discourse, to begin and proceed to treat ,sepa rutely, as 1 have proposed, .of all the figures and pieces of ! armories, with i attributes and proper terms, in the following chapters of this treat; CHAP. II. ' OF THE DEFINITION AND DIVISION OF AR I DEFINE Arms, hereditary marks of honour, regularly composed of certain tinelures and figures, granted or authorised by sovereigns, for distinguishing, differencing, and illustrating persons, families, and communities. These marks of honour being represented upon shields, surcoats, banners, pennons, and other military instruments and ensigns, as is said before, are called arms, coats of arms, and armorial ensigns ; by the French, armories ; and in Latin, Anna Centilitia, Tessera; Gentilities, Insignia, Phrenofchemata, i3 Deigmata. Hereditary marks of honour, regularly composed of certain tinctures and figures, distinguish arms from other signs and marks of soldiers, merchants and tradesmen, which are but arbitrary, during pleasure ; as also from hieroglyphics, symbols, emblems and devices, which have no fixed and certain tinctures, but may be composed of any colours or figures. The words, Granted or authorised by sovereigns, exclude all arbitrary marks and signs ; such as those assumed by the ignoble at their own pleasure, which cannot be called ensigns of honour, however like to arms they may seem : For, " Nemo potest dignitatem sibi arrogare sine principis licentia. None can assume the " marks of honour, without the allowance" of the sovereign ;" arms being only allowed to the noble, and the ignoble are discharged the use of them, by the laws of all well-governed nations. The words, For distinguishing, differencing, and illustrating persons, families, and communities, show the three principal ends of arms. The first, is to distinguish the noble from the ignoble, the worthy from the un- worthy, by marks of honour and noble descent, conferred by princes upon their well-deserving subjects and their families, in reward of their virtuous actions and brave attempts. The second end of arms, is to difference the branches or cadets of one and the same family ; that the first may be known from the second, and he again from the third, and the third from the fourth, and so on, were there never so many of them. The third end and design of arms, is to illustrate persons, families, and communities, with ensigns of noble descent, and other additaments of honour, within and without the shield : All which I shall fully handle in this Treatise of Heraldry. The division which I make of arms, in order to my intended method, is, into essential parts, and accidental ones, and of parts within and without the shield, and ot their various species and kinds. By the first, I understand tinctures and figures, without which, no arms can be. By accidental, attributes which follow figures in their various shapes, as ingrailed, invccted, embattelled, &-c. The parts within the shield, are those contained within the limits of the shield : And, by parts without the shield, I understand the exterior ornaments, such as crests, helmets, mantlings, supporters, &-c. And as for the species and kinds of arms, such as, arms of alliance, of patronage, gratitude, concession, dominion, noble feus and pretensions all which I shall ; fully treat of in their proper places. And, before I proceed, I shall here give a description of C
Page 7: ;. ' . '- N / fit jfcv
Page 11 and 12: SYSTEM OF HERALDRY, SPECULATIVE AND
Page 13: ADVERTISEMENT. ollowing SYSTEM of H
Page 16 and 17: DEDICATION. protection of your most
Page 18 and 19: iv PREFACE. M-m* as by the law of a
Page 20 and 21: ,n PREFACE. /'. e. Lyon Register, a
Page 22 and 23: viii PREFACE. or in one age ; notwi
Page 24 and 25: , OF THE RISE AND PROGRESS John Fem
Page 26 and 27: 4 OF THE RISE AND PROGRESS micht be
Page 28 and 29: OF THE RISE AND PROGRESS peditions
Page 32 and 33: OF THE SURCOAT, ENSIGN, AND SHIELD.
Page 35 and 36: OF THE SURCOAT, ENSIGN, AND SHIELD.
Page 37 and 38: OF THE TINCTURES, &c. 13 So then fo
Page 39 and 40: , culled OR ARMORIAL COLOURS ic Sac
Page 41 and 42: OF THE FURRS IN HERALDRY, &c. 17 CH
Page 43 and 44: OFTHEFURR VAIR. 19 cent, argent, ch
Page 45: 4- \vt4
Page 48 and 49: M PARTITION AND REPARTITION LINES H
Page 50 and 51: : 4 OF THE PARTITION, AND REPARTITI
Page 52 and 53: OF THE PARTITION AND REPARTITION LI
Page 54 and 55: 3 -, OF THE PARTITION AND REPARTITI
Page 56 and 57: 3o OF THE PARTITION AND REPARTITION
Page 58 and 59: p OF THE PARTITION, AND REPARTITION
Page 60: H OF THE PROPER FIGURES IN HERALDRY
Page 63 and 64: OF THE PALE. 35 and granted as addi
Page 65 and 66: OF THE PALE. 37 can it be charged w
Page 67 and 68: OF THE PALE. 3> Metalh esse, aut Cd
Page 69 and 70: OF THE PALE. 41 ter argent, three b
Page 71: VL VII PlateJiff. Vol.1. nK^fy^ [^A
Page 74 and 75: 44 OF THE FESSE. Amisfield, who car
Page 76 and 77: ^6 OF THE FESSE. already several ex
Page 78 and 79: 4 8 OF THE FESSE. I have seen anoth
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5D OF THE FESSE. horned or ; with t
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5i OF THE FESSE. ston, who was a se
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54 OF THE FESSE. the title of Earl
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5 6 OF THE FESSE. azure, a cheveron
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S 8 OF THE BAR. gules; crest, a dex
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fo OF THE BAR. . the English pursui
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62 OF THE BAR. Cowy. Sir James Balf
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64 OF THE BAR. Lindsey, and honoure
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J0 OF THE BAR. daughter of William
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68 OF THE CHIEF OR CHEF. head. And
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7 o OF THE CHIEF OR CHEF. IV. after
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ya OF THE CHIEF OR CHEF. bar), colo
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- 4 . OF THE CHIEF OR CHEF. KEITH o
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-6 OF THE CHIEF OR CHEF. son to the
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?8 OF THE CHIEF OR CHEF. Marquis of
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fc, OF THE CfflEF OR CHEF. of Dunmo
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OF THE CHIEF OR CHEF. tilitia k'one
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84 OF THE BEND. says, " That this M
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86 OF THE BEND. them collared with
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88 OF THE BEND. JOHN CALI.ENDER of
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9 o OF THE BEND. been more heraldri
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9 .2 OF THE BEND. upon account of a
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OF THE BEND. 05 ALEXANBER LESLIE of
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OF THE BEND. " JAMES REX, WE James
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OF THE BEND. & ing fled from Scotla
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OF THE BEND. ti^ed then the seal of
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01- THE BEND: 103 Mr WALTER COMRIK,
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OF THE BEND-SINISTER. title of Lord
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OF THE BEND-5INISTER. 107 Sue' >f a
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OF THE CROSS, &c. boa and heir, Cha
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OF THE CROSS, third Cumin, all \vit
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6M.1,
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n 4 OF THE CROSS, tf 6-. the presen
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OF THE CROSS, for the lands af East
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Ii8 OF THE CROSS, awe, langued gule
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S20 OF THE CROSS, fc?c.. betwixt hi
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OF THE CROSS, daughter to William L
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OF THE CROSS, tfc. lets fitched gul
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iat> OF THE CROSS, tf
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128 OF THE CROSS, We. Sir Robert Er
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130 OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR.. Pou
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13; OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR. and
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'34 OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR. The
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136 OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR. The
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$8. OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR. bald
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OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR, Blazons,
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X4 2 OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR. I h
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144 / OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR. po
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i 4 6 OF THE SALTIER OR SAUTOIR. ca
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, no I4 g OF THE CHEVERON CHAP, XVI
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OF THE CHEVERON. rose of the first,
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OF THE CHEVERON. tressure counter-f
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OF THE CHEYERON. and so the same ti
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OF THE CHEVERON. 155 Drumshargard,
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OF THE CHEVERON. 157 of the chevero
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OF THL: CHEVERON. r 59 tercd with t
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OF THE CHEVERON. id Sir George M-tc
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OF THE CHEVERON In the year 1549, t
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OF THE CHEVERON. 165 page, and at t
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OF THE CHEVERON. 16;. head erased a
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sub-ordinaries may be properly OF T
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 1 7 1 atus a
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. chief leader
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 1 75 FRASER
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 177 In the y
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 1 79 The Ess
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. OF TH ESCUTC
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. Sir David Lo
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 185 charged
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 187 " " plus
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES vtr all in th
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Oi< i UK SUB-ORDINARIES. caio, a fa
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. Which Willia
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 195- with th
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 197 common d
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. i 99 and azu
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. nothing of t
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. Caldwell of
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 205 The Fren
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES, Sir ROBERT H
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OF THE SUB-ORDIXARI1 je King of Eng
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. ALEXANDER FO
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 213 The name
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 215 Sir HUGH
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 2 1 7 per, o
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. 219 the year
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OF THE SUB-ORDINARIES. violent stro
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OF THE SL'U-ORDINARIKS. 223 gnuttcs
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SYSTEM OF HERALDRY, SPECULATIVE AND
Page 267 and 268:
OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL FIGURES.
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Mte;o j\ i v 31 32 ( ' '' ;
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230 OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, fcfc. THO
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OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, Pbilip de Sea
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334 OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, the king'
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-36 OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, tfc. fixe
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23 S OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, Alexande
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OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, There are sev
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- 4 2. OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, Ilk wa
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CELESTIAL FIGURES, \Sc.. on a chief
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OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, Sylvester Pet
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243 OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, We. The a
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250 OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, bv. cause
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25* OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, fcfo MURR
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254 OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, from the
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256 OF CELESTIAL FIGURES, bV. Somer
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25 8 OF MAN AND HIS PARTS IN ARMS.
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^6o OF MAN AND HIS PARTS IN ARMS. w
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OF MAN AND HIS PARTS IN ARMS. JOHN
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26 4 OF MAN AND HIS PARTS IN ARMS.
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i66 OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. ROBERT H
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 267 cites La
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. THOMAS DUNBA
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 271 married
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 273 Scotland
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 275 pant arg
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. -z - 7 armed
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. : : , JAMES
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 281 The last
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 28.5- endowe
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 285 The elde
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 287 intruste
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 289 a. lion
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 291 three be
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. The name of
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 295 David Og
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 297 was Geor
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 299 meet in
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OF I 'O I'll- FOOT El) BEASTS. ramp
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. .aid eldest
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. KER of Samue
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 307 And to s
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. and Modern U
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 1 1 3 GORDON
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 3*3 Io way a
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 315 The most
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. r- In the re
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OL FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS three boars'
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, muzzled OF FOUR- LOOTED BEASTS. T
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. Those also o
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. OF THE FOX.
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. RoiitRT DAVI
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OF FOUK- LOOTED BEASTS. 3^9 his sor
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OF FQUR-FOOTED BEASTS. married a da
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OF FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS. 333 lands of
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REPTILIA, OR CREEPING THINGS. 335 T
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. 33 7 In page 61
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. 339 The name of
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. 341 an unicorn'
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. 343 \\-.\\\, \v
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS.. 345 by the Lyo
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. .547 Crows are
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. The County of H
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. M'GiLL Viscount
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. second and thir
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OF FOWLS AND BIRDS. 355 His younger
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OF FISHES. 357 say, Tfor au Dauphin
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OF FISHES. 359 Many famiiie-, in Ge
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OF VEGETABLES. 361 Sir WALTER PRING
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OF VEGETABLES. 365 Some say that th
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OF VEGETABLES: 3% I am of the opini
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OF VEGETABLES. Mr JAMES CHEAP of Ro
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 369 The name
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 371 King Jam
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. for his serv
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 375 definite
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OF FLOWERS: AND LEAVES. 381 the hei
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. Which James,
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 377 Sir NEIL
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 379 mily was
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. Charles'!, y
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. THOMAS i OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 3
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 389- Livings
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. BORTHWICK. o
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 393 Bothwcll
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OF FLOWERS AND LEAVES. 305 Of which
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OF ARTIFICIAL FIGURES IN ARMORIES.
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OF ARTIFICIAL FIGURES 1N T ARMORIES
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Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
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OF ARTIFICIAL FIGURES IN ARMORIi.-
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 417 temporal
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 419 BOURDON 0
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 421 of the Se
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or ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 4 . The surna
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 425 above; an
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. The UNIVERSIT
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OF ART! FICIAL THINGS. s, a St Kath
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. Having omitte
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 433 the churc
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 435 Their son
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 437 Sir Simeo
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OF ARTIFICIAL THINGS. 430 she shiel
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AN ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF THE FIGURE
Page 487:
Ox Owls IXDEX OF TERMS OF BLAZON. i
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THE INDEX OF SURNAMES, COUNTRIES, F
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$ruce of Garvet 143 Bruce of Balcas
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St D.c, nl' 'V'Uilson Davidson of l
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Giffortl of Sheriff-hall Giffbrd in
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INDEX OF SURNAMES, XIII Page. Lande
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Page. Moncur of that Ilk 185 ric-lV
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Ross Rose of Kilravock Ross Lord Ro
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Wallop Walterton Warcup in England
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Gordon of ArdmeHie No. Plate. 21 Go
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nwnt . \ \UJ_LLLL' ~
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\\DonuIl of Gurthlanit DomlLBanm of
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- :;^?VVHE AIJDE fjyv^g /.*3$v ^& ,
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AM HK-\i)v Aiillntthcr cith.it Ilk
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* \~~ Jiatrltent GordonofEarl^fcnin
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., ^^Sl^2^^ ~^VM^^^' ^" L harlej MA
Page 539:
m Hume of Kimnurahame Vuiuan at- Lu
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'SMacjtCfr&tHfrf i
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lahnJtan. at \\7~ftrair nitcnei of-
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Monnupennv offitmilhj rarteous or C
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BINDING SECT. APR 8 t98C CR 21 N5 1
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A System of Heraldry - Clan Strachan Society

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