il ' ii - Northern Research Station - USDA Forest Service

male hypoproct is bilobed in tumidifolium, simple in formed by A. tumidifolium (figs. 1-2). They show also a
subfolium, the pupal vertex is much more swollen in cross section of another gall, no 97, that is described as a
tumidifolium than in subfolium; and the larval spatula of slight leaf swelling about 3 mm wide by 1 mm thick,
the tWOspecies are shaped differently (compare figs. 25 yellowish green above, yellow beneath, with two larval
and 29). The galls of these two species are similar in chambers. This may be caused by a different species
shape but that of subfolium shows only on the abaxial (see discussion under Remarks).
surface of the leaf rather than on both surfaces. *
Remarks
Actilasioptera falcaria FELT, NEW COMBINATION
Felt (1921) placed Actilasioptera falcaria in the genus
falcaria Feit 1921" 141, Stefaniella Stefaniella for convenience, writing that, "it seems best
for the present ... to consider [this species] as simply an
Adult extreme type of specialization rather than erect a new
genus." Stefaniella species, all associated with leaf,
Head. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres. Palpus 2 seg- stem, and bud galls on Palearctic Chenopodiaceae, have
mented, the second segment much smaller than the first, partially sclerotized ovipositors but all have discrete,
' J partially soft cerci beating hooked setae and setulae.
Thorax. Wing length, 1.8 mm (n = 1) in male, 1.8 mm (n There is no reason to regard Stefaniella and
= 2) in female; R5 about 0.7 length of wing (as in fig. Actilasioptera as particularly closely related.
3.1).
Felt (1921) wrote that he had a considerable series of
Male abdomen. Seventh tergite fully sclerotized, its females, at least 2 males, and several pupae from the
vestiture similar to that of sixth. Genitalia: Hypoproct large globular leaf galls collected by W. Docters van
bilobedposteriorly; parameres without setulae beyond Leeuwen in 1914. There remain only 1 male and 4
anterodorsal lobe; aedeagus narrow and curved ventrally females, all originally placed in Canada balsam without
at apex. first passing them through a clearing agent. Two females
were remounted to good effect for this study so that their
Female abdomen. As for A. tumidifolium, ovipositors are visible, but a new series would best serve
comparative purposes. Felt (1921) also referred to this
Pupa and Larva taxon another lot from the small leaf blister gall reported
as gall no. 97 in J. and W.D. Docters van Leeuwen-
Unknown. Reijnvaan (1910). Felt wrote that the lot from this •
second kind of gall was with little question referable to
Types the same species as the first, but the single remaining
available specimen is mounted with the ovipositor in
Lect0type, female, here designated, from Avicennia dorsoventral view, still retracted into the uncleared
of.ficina!is; Indonesia: Java, Semarang; 27-IV-1914; J. abdomen, and so not directly comparable to females of
and W. Docters' van Leeuwen Reijnvaan; Felt Collection the first lot. Whether this female is similar to the females
a3089; on long-term loan to Systematic Entomology in the other series cannot be determined at present.
Laboratory, USDA, Washington, DC from the New York
• State Museum in Albany. Paralectotypes" 1 male and 4 As pointed out under the Remarks heading of A.
females with data as for lectotype; 1 female, same data tumidifolium, this species is similar in many ways to A.
except 29-IV- 1914 and Felt Collection a3090, tumidifolium and A. subfolium, and indistinguishable ilt
' from the former. Because the pupa and larva of A. w
Gall falcaria are unknown, the two species cannot be compared.
Until the immature stages are found, we choose to
According 1_oJ. and W.D. Docters van Leeuwen- treat A. tumidifolium as distinct because the hosts of the
Reijnvaan (t910), the gall is a 1 cm diameter swelling two species are different and A. tumidifolium is known
situated on or very near the leaf midvein of Avicennia from eastern Australia and A. falcaria from Java. If the
officinalis L., is unevenly round and apparent on both immature stages of the two species are one day found to
leaf surfaces, the surface green and shiny above, gray and be similar, the name tumidifolium can simply be synonymatte
below. Affected leaves are often bowed. The gall mized underfalcaria; if they prove to be different, A.
has several chambers, each with a single larva. Their tumidifolium will already be properly described.
figures of this gall (their no. 96), a whole gall on a leaf
and one in cross section, show a gall similar to that
26