Proceedings World Bioenergy 2010

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industry. Avoiding major confrontations on controversial issues, such as sustainability certification schemes and land use changes, requires greater efforts on engagement with diverse actors. 4 REFERENCES 1. Ladanai, S. & Vinterbäck, J. (2009) Global Potential of Sustainable Biomass for Energy. Uppsala: Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences. 2. World Bioenergy Association. (2009) Global Potential of Sustainable Biomass for Energy. Position Paper 3. World Bioenergy Association. (2009) Global Potential for Bioenergy Sufficient to meet Global Energy Demand. Press Release. 4. Climate Consortium Denmark and the Danish Agriculture and Food Council. (2009) Bio-based Society: A Sustainable Future based on Agriculture, Biotechnology and Resource Management. Workshop. 5. Fritsche, U. (2009) Better Use of Biomass for Energy. Presentation. 6. Klimaforum (2009) The Themes of Klimaforum at COP15. URL: http://www.klimaforum.org/ 7. Atomium Culture. (2009) Governance for a Low- Carbon Society. URL: http://atomiumculture.org/ 8. Brink, J. (2009) Bioenergy Industry Reacts at COP15. URL: http://www.biofuelsdigest.com/ 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This paper is part of a research effort entitled “The emerging bio-economy: Investigating the role of communication and stakeholder involvement” which is funded for 2010-2013 by the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning. Visit the interactive bio-economy blog (http://bio-literacy.blogspot.com/) to follow the progress and developments of this work, make comments, and ask questions. 64 world bioenergy 2010
SUPPLY CHAINS OF FOREST CHIP PRODUCTION IN FINLAND Kalle Kärhä Metsäteho Oy P.O. Box 101, FI-00171 Helsinki, Finland kalle.karha@metsateho.fi ABSTRACT: The Metsäteho study investigated how logging residue chips, stump wood chips, and chips from smallsized thinning wood and large-sized (rotten) roundwood used by heating and power plants were produced in Finland in 2008. Almost all the major forest chip suppliers in Finland were involved in the study. The total volume of forest chips supplied in 2008 by these suppliers was 6.5 TWh. The study was implemented by conducting an e-mail questionnaire survey and telephone interviews. Research data was collected in March-May 2009. The majority of the logging residue chips and chips from small-sized thinning wood were produced using the roadside chipping supply chain in Finland in 2008. The chipping at plant supply chain was also significant in the production of logging residue chips. 70% of all stump wood chips consumed were comminuted at the plant and 29% at terminals. The role of the terminal chipping supply chain was also significant in the production of chips from logging residues and small-sized wood chips. When producing chips from large-sized (rotten) roundwood, nearly a half of chips were comminuted at plants and more than 40% at terminals. Keywords: Comminution, Energy wood, Finland. 1 INTRODUCTION The use of forest chips in Finland has increased rapidly in the 21 st century: In the year 2000, the total use of forest chips for energy generation was 1.8 TWh (0.9 mill. m 3 ), while in 2008 it was 9.2 TWh (4.6 mill. m 3 ) [1]. Of this amount, 8.1 TWh was used in heating and power plants, and 1.1 TWh in small-sized dwellings, i.e. private houses, farms, and recreational dwellings, in 2008 (Fig. 1) [1]. Of the forest chips used in heating and power plants (8.1 TWh), the majority (58%) was produced from logging residues in final cuttings in 2008 (Fig. 1) [1]. Forest chips derived from stump and root wood totalled 14% and 4% came from large-sized (rotten) roundwood. 24% of the total amount of commercial forest chips used for energy generation came from small-diameter (d 1.3200 GWh in 2008) power plants in Finland [2]. However, they consume approximately 40% of forest chips used in Finland (Fig. 2) [2]. The use of forest chips is currently the greatest in Central Finland, and relatively low in Northern Finland (Fig. 3) [1]. Figure 2: Use of forest chips by the class of energy content (GWh) used in heating and power plants in 2008 in Finland [2]. The figures are based on the data of the Finnish Forest Research Institute: the use of forest chips 7.8 TWh in total of 427 energy plants in 2008. The figures exclude the data of TTS Research’s small heating plants (0.2 TWh & 333 plants). world bioenergy 2010 65
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