Proceedings World Bioenergy 2010

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Research Review, U.S. Department of Energy´s National renewable Energy Laboratory. [2]. Ulvcrona, K., Claesson, S., Sahlén, K. And Lundmark, T. 2007. The effects of timing of precommercial thinning and stand density on stem form and branch characteristics of Pinus sylvestris. Forestry 80: 323-335. [3]. Satoo, T. and Madgwick, H.A.I. 1982. Forest Biomass. The Hague, Boston, London. Martinus Nijhopp/Dr W. Junk publishers. [4]. Claaesson, S., Sahlén, K. and Lundmark, T. 2001. Functions for biomass estimation of young Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula spp. From stands in northern Sweden with high stand densities. Scandinavian Journal Forestry Research 16: 138-146 [5]. Anonymous 1999. Minitab statistical software release 13 for Windows. [6]. Finney, D.J. 1941. On the distribution of a variate whose logarithm is normally distributed. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society., Supp B7 7(2) pp. 155-161. 46 world bioenergy <strong>2010</strong>
ESTIMATING POTENTIALS OF SOLID WOOD-BASED FUELS IN FINLAND IN 2020 Kalle Kärhä 1 , Juha Elo 2 , Perttu Lahtinen 2 , Tapio Räsänen 1 & Heikki Pajuoja 1 1 Metsäteho Oy, P.O. Box 101, FI-00171 Helsinki, Finland kalle.karha@metsateho.fi, tapio.rasanen@metsateho.fi, heikki.pajuoja@metsateho.fi 2 Pöyry Energy Oy, P.O. Box 93, FI-02151 Espoo, Finland juha.elo@poyry.com, perttu.lahtinen@poyry.com ABSTRACT: In the context of the Long-term Climate and Energy Strategy, it is estimated that the primary use of woodbased fuels in Finland will be 93 to 97 TWh by the year 2020. The overall target set for forest chips is 12 million m 3 , i.e. around 24 TWh. The objective of the research carried out by Metsäteho Oy and Pöyry Energy Oy was to produce as realistic as possible a total analysis of the possibilities of increasing the usage of wood-based fuels in Finland by 2020. The research showed that the growth objective set in the Long-term Climate and Energy Strategy can be attained through the supply and demand of wood-based fuels. However, realizing this potential would require major investments in the entire forest chip production system, because the competitiveness of wood-based fuels in energy generation is currently not at a sufficient level. Considering the huge resources required by the forest chip production system and the current low competitiveness of forest chips, it is estimated that the use of forest chips in Finland will reach the level of 20 TWh at the earliest by the year 2020. Keywords: Energy wood, Fuelwood, Forest chips, Pontentials, Finland. 1 INTRODUCTION The total energy consumption in 2008 was 389 TWh (1,400 PJ) in Finland [1]. The most important energy source in 2008 were oil products which made up around one fourth (98 TWh) of the total energy consumption in Finland [1]. In 2008, wood-based fuels covered more than one fifth (82 TWh) of the total energy consumption in Finland, and hence they were the second most important source of energy after oil [1]. This makes Finland one of the leading countries in the <strong>World</strong> when it comes to utilizing wood for energy generation. In Finland, woodbased fuels are divided into industrial waste liquors – mainly black liquor produced by pulping industries – and solid wood fuels. Further, solid wood fuels are divided into 1) wood fuels consumed by heating and power plants and 2) fuelwood consumed by small-sized dwellings, i.e. private houses, farms, and recreational dwellings [2]. In 2008, a half of wood-based fuel consumption (41 TWh) was covered by waste liquors [2]. Solid wood fuels were consumed to the total of 41 TWh, or 20.5 million m 3 , of which the heating and power plants accounted for 27 TWh, 14 million m 3 [2]. The small-sized dwellings use currently a total of 14 TWh, or 7 million m 3 of wood for heating [2]. The total consumption of forest chips for energy generation in 2008 was equivalent to 9.2 TWh (4.6 mill. m 3 ) in Finland [2]. Of the forest chips used in heating and power plants (8.0 TWh) in 2008, the majority (58%) was produced from logging residues in final cuttings [2]. 14% came from stump and root wood, and 4% from largesized, rotten roundwood. 24% of the total amount of commercial forest chips used for energy generation came from the small-diameter (d 1.3
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