State of Technology Report for Force Main Rehabilitation, Final ...
State of Technology Report for Force Main Rehabilitation, Final ...
State of Technology Report for Force Main Rehabilitation, Final ...
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
coefficients <strong>for</strong> a three-dimensional [3-D] finite element analysis modeling <strong>for</strong> long-term per<strong>for</strong>mance)<br />
and a 500,000 pressure cycles test (60 to 120 psi [4 to 8 bar]), which has given the combined effect <strong>of</strong><br />
creep and fatigue. TTC also reported that the testing has demonstrated that ASTM D 2207 is a reasonable<br />
design approach <strong>for</strong> relining <strong>of</strong> pressure pipes with CIPP liners. They found the behavior <strong>of</strong> the resinfiber<br />
composite under cyclic loading to be interesting (measured both de<strong>for</strong>mation and strain) and will be<br />
reporting the results later in 2009. Aqua-Pipe is available in diameters <strong>of</strong> 6 to 12 inches (150 to 300 mm)<br />
with larger diameters planned in the future. The liner is structural and is custom designed to handle up to<br />
150 psi (10 bar) operating pressure and 6 feet (1.8 meters) <strong>of</strong> soil cover. The excess resin bonds the liner<br />
to the host pipe, filling any small holes or cracks. The hose liner is installed by pulling in place pipe<br />
(PIPP) with lengths <strong>of</strong> up to 500 feet (152 meters) between access pits possible. After CCTV and<br />
cleaning the main, any service connections are mapped and plugged robotically with small plastic caps.<br />
This is to keep the excess epoxy resin from plugging the service connection. A calibration pig is driven<br />
through the liner using water pressure, which presses the liner tightly against the host pipe. Hot water is<br />
circulated through the liner to cure the epoxy resin. After cure, a robotic tool is positioned at each service<br />
connection and a hole is precisely drilled through the liner and the plugs removed to restore service.<br />
3.4.5.2 Non-Adhesive Backed Woven Hose Lining<br />
Structural (Class IV) Woven Hose Lining<br />
Saertex-Liner ® (Lightstream)<br />
Saertex multiCom GmbH, located in Saerbeck, Germany, first introduced its CIPP liner in Europe in<br />
1996 and later in the US in 2007. The only licensed installer <strong>of</strong> Saertex-Liner in the US is International<br />
Pipe Lining Technologies (IPLT) in Cali<strong>for</strong>nia. IPLT calls the Saertex liner Lightstream. The global<br />
utilization rate <strong>of</strong> Saertex-Liner has been about 100 miles per year since 2008. The Saertex-Liner is<br />
available in diameters <strong>of</strong> 6 to 48 inches (150 to 1,200 mm) and with wall thicknesses <strong>of</strong> 3 to 12 mm (0.1<br />
to 0.5 inches). The hose liner is not marketed <strong>for</strong> pressure applications and does not have an NSF 61<br />
certification. Like many <strong>of</strong> the other fully structural CIPP liners, Saertex-Liner’s structural portion is<br />
made <strong>of</strong> several layers <strong>of</strong> Advantex E-CR glass fiber rein<strong>for</strong>cement impregnated with either a polyester or<br />
vinylester resin. The glass fiber is woven into a hose by Saertex in Germany and shipped to a US<br />
warehouse in Littleton, Colorado. The liner has an inner, styrene-tight film, which is removed<br />
immediately following the curing process. An external styrene-tight film, along with an opaque film that<br />
protects against UV exposure and damage during installation <strong>for</strong>ms the outer surface. The liner is<br />
winched into place after placing a sliding film along the invert <strong>of</strong> the host pipe. The liner can be either<br />
UV-cured or steam cured (catalyst included <strong>for</strong> steam curing option). Saertex liners range from semistructural<br />
to fully structural <strong>for</strong> gravity applications and are produced in two classes: Saertex-S and<br />
Saertex-M. The flexural modulus <strong>of</strong> the S-liner is 1.74×10 6 psi (12 x 10 4 bar), and its flexural strength is<br />
36,250 psi (2,500 bar). For long-term flexural modulus properties, a diminution factor <strong>of</strong> 1.35 is<br />
recommended <strong>for</strong> the S-liner. The M-liner has a lower flexural modulus and strength (see the datasheet in<br />
Appendix A <strong>for</strong> details). Un<strong>for</strong>tunately, Saertex multiCom has published no tensile strength data <strong>for</strong> its<br />
liners as they have not yet <strong>of</strong>fered their liners <strong>for</strong> pressure applications. From what little data are<br />
available, the Saertex-Liner appears to have similar strength and stiffness levels to other CIPP pressure<br />
products. However, the use <strong>of</strong> Saertex-Liner <strong>for</strong> sewer <strong>for</strong>ce main applications, although technically<br />
possible, would have to be considered experimental at this time.<br />
Primus Line ®<br />
Primus Line is an emerging new technology from Raedlinger Primus Line Gmbh <strong>of</strong> Cham, Germany.<br />
Primus Line was introduced in Germany in 2001. Raedlinger reports that it has been supplying between<br />
20 and 30 km <strong>of</strong> Primus Line each year since 2008, but all <strong>of</strong> this is located in Germany. Primus Line is<br />
available in diameters from 6 to 20 inches (150 to 500 mm) with thicknesses ranging from 6.5 to 9 mm<br />
(0.3 to 0.4 inches). It has been certified <strong>for</strong> drinking water applications in Germany, but not yet in the<br />
37
Change language