State of Technology Report for Force Main Rehabilitation, Final ...

Table 3-1. Summary of Renewal Technologies with Applicability to Force Mains (Continued)
Diameter Pressure Appendix
Range, Limit, A
Technology Category Brand Name Vendor inches psi pg no.
Glass Reinforced
- Aqualiner Aqualiner 6-12 150 A-66
Thermoplastic
Sliplining PVC Fusible PVC Underground 4-12 (C900) 305 A-68
HDD Solutions 14-36
3.3 Repair
PE HDPE and
MDPE
Multiple producers
(C905)
4-48 NA
Repair of a failure or a deteriorated section of a pipe is generally focused on only taking remedial action
with one or two sections of pipe. Often times this work is done under emergency conditions. The first
objective is to prevent any further spill or damage to the environment and the second objective is to
restore service as quickly as possible. Figure 3-2 illustrates the various repair technologies applicable to
sewer force mains.
Figure 3-2. Repair Approaches for Force Mains
3.3.1 Open Cut Emergency Replacement. One of the most common methods of repair,
especially for a burst type failure, is still to excavate and replace one or two sections of pipe. Depending
on the type of pipe material, special adapters may be necessary to rejoin the new pipe sections to the
existing pipe. This is true of PCCP where adapters and short sections are needed to replace a section.
Other materials (such as CI, DI, or PVC) can be spliced in using either repair clamps or mechanical
couplings with service restored very quickly.
3.3.2 Spot Repair – Trenchless. If not required under emergency conditions, there are other
options to spot repair a section of pipe that is distressed.
3.3.2.1 Cured-in-Place Pipe. Short sections of a cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) liner, suitably designed
for the operating pressure, can be installed over a short section of pipe that is distressed. However, to be
effective, the CIPP liner needs to adhere to the original pipe such that water cannot migrate between the
original pipe and the liner. Sealing the ends of the liner to the host pipe with an internal joint repair seal
(e.g., Weko-Seal ® ) is one way to ensure a water tight seal.
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