Retrospective Evaluation of Cured-in-Place Pipe - (NEPIS)(EPA ...

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against which they can improve their products (i.e., it could become a driver for achieving excellence). It is an opportune time for such a concerted push in terms of evaluation because there has been a significant time in service for many technologies and there is a continued strong investment in the use of the technologies across the U.S. vii
CONTENTS DISCLAIMER ............................................................................................................................................. II ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................ III ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .......................................................................................................................... IV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... V CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................. VIII APPENDICES .......................................................................................................................................... XII FIGURES .................................................................................................................................................. XII TABLES .................................................................................................................................................. XIV ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ................................................................................................ XVI 1.0: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1 2.0: CIPP TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................... 4 3.0: DEVELOPMENT OF CIPP EVALUATION METHODOLOGY..................................................... 15 4.0: CITY OF DENVER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ............................................................................. 23 5.0: CITY OF COLUMBUS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ....................................................................... 63 6.0: REVIEW AND COMPARISON ACROSS THE FOUR SITES ........................................................ 93 7.0: RECOMMENDED TEST PROTOCOL FOR FUTURE USE ......................................................... 103 8.0: REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL SCAN ACTIVITIES AND FINDINGS ................................... 108 9.0: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................... 126 10.0: REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 130 1.0: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Organization of Protocol Development and Field Studies ........................................................... 2 1.2 Organization of the Report ........................................................................................................... 3 2.0: CIPP TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................................... 4 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Cured-in-Place Pipe ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.1 Historical and Commercial Background ......................................................................... 5 2.2.2 The CIPP Process ............................................................................................................ 6 2.2.3 Installation Method: Inversion or Pull-In ........................................................................ 9 2.2.4 Tube Construction ......................................................................................................... 10 2.2.5 Choice of Resins for CIPP ............................................................................................. 10 2.2.6 Thermal Curing Process ................................................................................................ 11 2.2.7 Ultraviolet Light Cured Liners ...................................................................................... 12 2.2.8 Emerging and Novel CIPP Technologies ...................................................................... 12 2.3 North American Experience with CIPP ...................................................................................... 13 2.3.1 Experiences and Case Histories ..................................................................................... 13 2.3.2 Testing and QA/QC ....................................................................................................... 13 2.3.3 Environmental Issues ..................................................................................................... 14 3.0: DEVELOPMENT OF CIPP EVALUATION METHODOLOGY .............................................. 15 3.1 Review of Potential Alternatives ................................................................................................ 15 3.2 Goals for a Specific Retrospective Evaluation Using the Draft Protocols ................................. 16 3.3 Preliminary Outline of Anticipated Protocol for CIPP Evaluation ............................................. 16 3.3.1 Identification of Municipal Partners .............................................................................. 16 3.3.2 Identification of Segments for Evaluation ..................................................................... 17 3.3.3 Availability of Historical Data ...................................................................................... 17 3.3.4 Retrieval of Field Samples (Dig up and Replace Sample) ............................................ 18 3.3.5 In-Situ Evaluation .......................................................................................................... 18 viii
Page 1 and 2: EPA/600/R-12/004 | January 2012 | w
Page 3 and 4: DISCLAIMER The work reported in thi
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report has bee
Page 7: samples had a flexural modulus valu
Page 11 and 12: 4.3.10.2 Upstream Sample ..........
Page 13 and 14: 9.2.2 Recommendations for Developme
Page 15 and 16: Figure 5-27. Raman Spectra for the
Page 17 and 18: ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AMP Asse
Page 19 and 20: 1.0: INTRODUCTION This report forms
Page 21 and 22: 1.2 Organization of the Report Foll
Page 23 and 24: Some sections of a sewer system may
Page 25 and 26: • The depth of the pipe below the
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2-3 highlights the main diff
Page 29 and 30: The most commonly used resins are i
Page 31 and 32: the glass fiber. The tube, which is
Page 33 and 34: 3.0: DEVELOPMENT OF CIPP EVALUATION
Page 35 and 36: • The municipality would be willi
Page 37 and 38: • Measurements and/or physical sa
Page 39 and 40: Table 3-3. Laboratory Evaluation an
Page 41 and 42: 4.1 Introduction 4.0: CITY OF DENVE
Page 43 and 44: Figure 4-1. Images of the Recovered
Page 45 and 46: Sample ID Figure 4-4. Soil Grain Si
Page 47 and 48: Location Table 4-5. Denver 8-in. Li
Page 49 and 50: Profile Plot Red - Steel tube Green
Page 51 and 52: Table 4-7. Results from Flexural Te
Page 53 and 54: 35 Table 4-9. Comparison of Test Da
Page 55 and 56: 4.2.12 Buckling Test. A steel mecha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 4-18. Pressure Gage and Pres
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4.2.13 Shore D Hardness. Durometer
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Figure 4-24. Barcol Hardness Readin
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increases and the heat of cure decr
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In summary, CCTV inspection of thre
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Figure 4-28. Thickness for Denver 4
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4.3.6.2 Downstream Sample. Seven sp
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Figure 4-34. Flexural Stress-Strain
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Table 4-18. Flexural Test Results f
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4.3.8.2 Upstream Sample. Specimens
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4.3.10 Barcol Hardness 4.3.10.1 Dow
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4.3.11.2 Downstream Sample. The Ram
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5.1 Introduction 5.0: CITY OF COLUM
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April 16, 2010 The specimen was rec
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The resulting gradation curves are
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Table 5-4. Soil pH at Designated Lo
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Figure 5-8. Average Thickness at Di
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5.2.12 Flexural Testing. Specimens
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Figure 5-14. Flexural Stress-Strain
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Figure 5-16. Tensile Stress-Strain
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5.2.15 Buckling Test. A mechanical
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Figure 5-24. Localized Leak on the
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Figure 5-26. Barcol Hardness Readin
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5.3.3 Visual Inspection of Liner. I
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Figure 5-32. Ultrasonic Testing for
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Table 5-13. Geometric Data for Flex
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Figure 5-38. Shore D Hardness of Co
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6.1 Introduction 6.0: REVIEW AND CO
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Overall, the liners appear to be ho
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age difference between the liners i
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Looking for correlations to the low
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A significantly lower range of Shor
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7.0: RECOMMENDED TEST PROTOCOL FOR
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combining this broadly available in
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Table 7-3. Overall Structure for a
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Table 8-2. CIPP and Other Rehabilit
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Table 8-5. Rehabilitation Specifica
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113 Table 8-9. Process Verification
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Göttingen Stadtentwässerung: Göt
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experience and quality, and do not
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km of pipe and 50-year-old pipes ar
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methods are detailed in the Guide t
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The business of pipeline rehabilita
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• Destructive testing (but will n
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In Denver, in CCTV inspections of n
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9.2 Recommendations for Future Work
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Falter, B. 1996. “Structural Anal
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Lehmann, M.A, J.P. Schroeder and C.
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APPENDIX A LIST OF TEST STANDARDS R
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The following table lists the non-A
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B.1 Introduction This study was con
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Mean thickness values for each cont
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APPENDIX C INTERNATIONAL STUDY INTE
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The original Insituform liner insta
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However, the figures published by O
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exfiltration and infiltration. Any
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STW uses CIPP for virtually all of
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method. Top hat repairs to junction
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All design and construction supervi
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Process verification test samples a
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consultant born out of the corporat
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BW continues to use CIPP, mainly in
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East, but has not yet had marked su
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D-1
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