Retrospective Evaluation of Cured-in-Place Pipe - (NEPIS)(EPA ...

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Tables 3-2 and 3-3 provide a combined summary of the field and laboratory measurements for both sites at each of the Denver and the Columbus evaluations. A few variations in the proposed plan were necessary due to project and site circumstances and these changes are noted in the tables. The critical measurements for this research were identified to be the tensile stress, flexural stress, and modulus of elasticity of the retrieved samples. These laboratory measurements were conducted on all of the samples retrieved from the Denver and Columbus evaluations described in the following two sections. The results of the laboratory testing were compared with the material specifications for the original relining work or directly with as-installed test results where available. The tensile strength was measured with a minimum of three samples for each pipe segment. The flexural stress and modulus of elasticity were measured with a minimum of five samples for each pipe segment. The standard operating procedure (SOP) outlined in each of the relevant ASTM standards listed in Table 3-3 was followed. Table 3-2. Field Measurement Plans Field Test Standard/ Measurements No. of Measurements Sample Instrument Notes Soil conditions Denver: 6 per site Grab samples See Table 3-3 Field visual inspection and + bedding Columbus: 6 per site soil lab analysis Liner + host 1 each Denver 8 in. N/A Shipped to TTC for further pipe specimen clay pipe (6 ft length); Columbus 8 in. clay pipe (6 ft length) testing Liner only 3 total Denver 2 N/A Shipped to TTC for further specimen pieces each 2 ft × 2 ft; Columbus 1 piece 2 ft × 4.3 ft testing Visual liner Continuous N/A N/A Digital photos as applicable inspection and possible. Liner thickness Denver: mobile N/A ASTM E797-05 36 in. pipe: 3 meas. within (Prior to equipment not available; Ultrasonic panel ; 5 meas. in host pipe Sample Columbus: 36 in. pipe 8 Thickness. (both spring lines, crown Retrieval) measurement; 8 in. pipe 5 Measurement and 45° on each side) × 2 = 10 measurements. (Olympus 8 in. pipe: 5 meas. as above Model 37DLP) on each cut face Liner thickness Panel samples: 4 N/A Caliper / ruler Panels: 1 meas. on each (After Sample 8 in. pipe samples: 8 × 2 edge Retrieval) × 2 = 32 8 in. pipes: Meas. at 45° for each cut face at each end of sample Annular gap Denver: 8 in. only 8 × 2 × N/A Feeler gauge 8 in. pipes: meas. at 45° 2 = 32 meas. both cut faces, both ends. Columbus: 36 in. pipe sample: 2 meas. 36 in. pipe: 4 × 2 = 8 on remaining liner at each measurements 8 in. pipe: 8 × 2 = 16 measurements edge of removed panel. N/A = Not Available 20
Table 3-3. Laboratory Evaluation and Measurement Plans No. of Laboratory Measurements Sample Test Standard/ Measurements Samples (each site) Size Instrument Notes Density All Denver 7 N/A ASTM D792 N/A samples Columbus 7 Porosity All Denver 1 N/A Mercury vapor N/A samples Columbus 1 intrusion test Tensile Strength and 8 in. clay Denver: 3 0.75 in. × ASTM D638 N/A Elongation at Columbus: 3 7.2 in. Failure each Tensile Strength and Panel Denver: 3 1.13 in. × ASTM D638 N/A Elongation at samples Columbus: 3 9.7 in. Failure each Flexural Strength 8 in. clay Denver: 5 1 in. × 5 ASTM D790 N/A and Flexural Modulus Columbus: 5 ft each Flexural Strength Panel Denver: 5 2 in. × 12 ASTM D790 N/A and Flexural Modulus samples Columbus: 5 in. each Short-term liner 8 in. clay Denver: 1 4 ft ASTM F1216 Modified according bucking strength Columbus: 1 sample length to sample condition Pipe Ovality 8 in. clay Denver and 1 ft Profile plotter Measurements Columbus: 1 continuous in each buckling test sample Durometer (Shore) All 5 each N/A ASTM D2240 N/A Hardness samples Barcol Hardness All 5 each N/A ASTM D2583 Added for samples comparison with other listed results Apparent Specific All 3 each 2 in. × 2 ASTM D792 N/A Gravity samples in. Glass Transition All 2 each 3 in. × ASTM E1356 N/A Temperature samples 0.5 in. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Visual Liner All Continuous N/A N/A Surface film, leakage, Inspection samples corrosion, bacterial growth, etc. Soil Analysis Denver N/A 500 g ASTM C136 sieve N/A and analysis; ASTM Columbus C128 density; Excavated ASTM D2216 samples moisture content; only (8 and Thermo Orion in.) meter for soil pH Raman All 3 each 2 in. × 2 Raman Systems R- Comparison with Spectroscopy samples in. 3,000 Spectrometer similar virgin resins N/A = Not Available with a 785 nm diode laser excitation source made when feasible 21
Page 1 and 2: EPA/600/R-12/004 | January 2012 | w
Page 3 and 4: DISCLAIMER The work reported in thi
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report has bee
Page 7 and 8: samples had a flexural modulus valu
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS DISCLAIMER ...............
Page 11 and 12: 4.3.10.2 Upstream Sample ..........
Page 13 and 14: 9.2.2 Recommendations for Developme
Page 15 and 16: Figure 5-27. Raman Spectra for the
Page 17 and 18: ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AMP Asse
Page 19 and 20: 1.0: INTRODUCTION This report forms
Page 21 and 22: 1.2 Organization of the Report Foll
Page 23 and 24: Some sections of a sewer system may
Page 25 and 26: • The depth of the pipe below the
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2-3 highlights the main diff
Page 29 and 30: The most commonly used resins are i
Page 31 and 32: the glass fiber. The tube, which is
Page 33 and 34: 3.0: DEVELOPMENT OF CIPP EVALUATION
Page 35 and 36: • The municipality would be willi
Page 37: • Measurements and/or physical sa
Page 41 and 42: 4.1 Introduction 4.0: CITY OF DENVE
Page 43 and 44: Figure 4-1. Images of the Recovered
Page 45 and 46: Sample ID Figure 4-4. Soil Grain Si
Page 47 and 48: Location Table 4-5. Denver 8-in. Li
Page 49 and 50: Profile Plot Red - Steel tube Green
Page 51 and 52: Table 4-7. Results from Flexural Te
Page 53 and 54: 35 Table 4-9. Comparison of Test Da
Page 55 and 56: 4.2.12 Buckling Test. A steel mecha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 4-18. Pressure Gage and Pres
Page 59 and 60: 4.2.13 Shore D Hardness. Durometer
Page 61 and 62: Figure 4-24. Barcol Hardness Readin
Page 63 and 64: increases and the heat of cure decr
Page 65 and 66: In summary, CCTV inspection of thre
Page 67 and 68: Figure 4-28. Thickness for Denver 4
Page 69 and 70: 4.3.6.2 Downstream Sample. Seven sp
Page 71 and 72: Figure 4-34. Flexural Stress-Strain
Page 73 and 74: Table 4-18. Flexural Test Results f
Page 75 and 76: 4.3.8.2 Upstream Sample. Specimens
Page 77 and 78: 4.3.10 Barcol Hardness 4.3.10.1 Dow
Page 79 and 80: 4.3.11.2 Downstream Sample. The Ram
Page 81 and 82: 5.1 Introduction 5.0: CITY OF COLUM
Page 83 and 84: April 16, 2010 The specimen was rec
Page 85 and 86: The resulting gradation curves are
Page 87 and 88: Table 5-4. Soil pH at Designated Lo
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Figure 5-8. Average Thickness at Di
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5.2.12 Flexural Testing. Specimens
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Figure 5-14. Flexural Stress-Strain
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Figure 5-16. Tensile Stress-Strain
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5.2.15 Buckling Test. A mechanical
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Figure 5-24. Localized Leak on the
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Figure 5-26. Barcol Hardness Readin
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5.3.3 Visual Inspection of Liner. I
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Figure 5-32. Ultrasonic Testing for
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Table 5-13. Geometric Data for Flex
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Figure 5-38. Shore D Hardness of Co
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6.1 Introduction 6.0: REVIEW AND CO
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Overall, the liners appear to be ho
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age difference between the liners i
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Looking for correlations to the low
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A significantly lower range of Shor
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7.0: RECOMMENDED TEST PROTOCOL FOR
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combining this broadly available in
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Table 7-3. Overall Structure for a
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Table 8-2. CIPP and Other Rehabilit
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Table 8-5. Rehabilitation Specifica
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113 Table 8-9. Process Verification
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Göttingen Stadtentwässerung: Göt
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experience and quality, and do not
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km of pipe and 50-year-old pipes ar
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methods are detailed in the Guide t
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The business of pipeline rehabilita
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• Destructive testing (but will n
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In Denver, in CCTV inspections of n
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9.2 Recommendations for Future Work
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Falter, B. 1996. “Structural Anal
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Lehmann, M.A, J.P. Schroeder and C.
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APPENDIX A LIST OF TEST STANDARDS R
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The following table lists the non-A
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B.1 Introduction This study was con
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Mean thickness values for each cont
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APPENDIX C INTERNATIONAL STUDY INTE
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The original Insituform liner insta
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However, the figures published by O
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exfiltration and infiltration. Any
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STW uses CIPP for virtually all of
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method. Top hat repairs to junction
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All design and construction supervi
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Process verification test samples a
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consultant born out of the corporat
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BW continues to use CIPP, mainly in
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East, but has not yet had marked su
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D-1
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D-3
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D-5
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D-7
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D-9
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D-11
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D-13
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D-15
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D-17
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D-19
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D-21
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D-23
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D-25
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D-27
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D-29
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D-31
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D-33
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D-35
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D-37
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D-39
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D-41
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D-43
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D-45
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D-47
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D-49
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