Retrospective Evaluation of Cured-in-Place Pipe - (NEPIS)(EPA ...

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Condition assessment using CCTV was established in the 13 major cities in 1988, examining 1 to 2% of the pipe stock per annum. The condition is assessed in accordance with the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Construction (MLIT) Manual for Construction and Repair of Sewerage Facilities. The manual prescribes a formal assessment system based on points assigned to defects which is outlined in Tables 8-13 and 8-14, providing a means of ranking the urgency of rehabilitation. In analyzing various sewer lengths, the total points score per span gives rise to a ranking from C to AAA, which determines the action to be taken. Recommended action may require point repair or rehabilitation of the full span. It is usual to rehabilitate the whole span in the event of more than four defects in a single span. Short length rehabilitation or repair may be considered for one to four defects per span. Table 8-13. JSWA Condition Assessment Method Type Symptom Severity Pts Severity Pts Severity Pts 1 Corrosion Exposed Rebar 20 Exposed Aggregate 15 Other Corrosion 8 1 Pipe Broken Fracture Collapse 20 Thru-wall crack 16 Other breakage 10 1 Joint Displacement Withdrawn offset 18 Partial withdrawal 15 Joint gap 3 1 Root intrusion 40% block 20 10-40% block 10 33% dia. 20 10-33% dia 15 < 10% 8 2 Cracks > 5mm 15 2-5mm 10
methods are detailed in the Guide to Pipeline Rehabilitation developed by the Japan Institute of Wastewater Technology (JIWET), published by JSWA in English and Japanese in June 2001. The guide has just been revised and expanded by JIWET to include site management and quality assurance measures. It was published in Japanese only by JSWA in June 2007. In the period 1988-2006, renovation by repair using resin injection and rehabilitation using hose lining, fold-and-form, and spiral pipe renewal (SPR) methods grew rapidly (see Figure 8-3). Sewer maintenance is funded solely from local government funds. Network rehabilitation has been growing steadily since 1986 and is currently undertaken at a rate of almost 500 km per annum. Information obtained from the Japan Pipe Rehabilitation Quality Assurance Association (JPRQAA) is indicated below for the period 1986 to 2009. Almost 4,800 km of sewer have been renovated by inversion (1,994 km), pull-in-andinflate (2,051 km), and spiral wound methods (745 km). The figures for the pull-in-and-inflate method include both UV and steam cured CIPP and fold-and-form methods (ExPipe and Omega Pipe). Figure 8-3. Annual Rehabilitation Construction 1986-2009 CIPP was introduced into Japan by Insituform under license to line H2S corroded sewers under the New Tokyo International Airport in 1986. Hose lining systems, Paltem and Phoenix developed in Japan for gas pipe rehabilitation were applied to sewer rehabilitation in 1988 and spiral wound pipe was imported from Australia and adopted by Sekisui in 1989. The Omega fold-and-form system developed by Sekisui was launched in 2009 and the InPipe UV light curing CIPP was adopted in 1991. The annual rehabilitation volume grew rapidly from 50 km/year in 1991 to 200 km/year in 1999. In the early years, the preferred method was CIPP installed by inversion but, by 2005, installation by pull-in-and-inflate methods (both CIPP and fold-and-form) took 50% of the market and these are now being used for 60% of rehabilitation works. Currently, spiral wound pipe takes 20% of the market with 60% of that volume in diameters over 800 mm. In 2009, the methods used were broken down by method and diameter as shown in Figure 8-4. 121
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EPA/600/R-12/004 | January 2012 | w
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DISCLAIMER The work reported in thi
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report has bee
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samples had a flexural modulus valu
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CONTENTS DISCLAIMER ...............
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4.3.10.2 Upstream Sample ..........
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9.2.2 Recommendations for Developme
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Figure 5-27. Raman Spectra for the
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AMP Asse
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1.0: INTRODUCTION This report forms
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1.2 Organization of the Report Foll
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Some sections of a sewer system may
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• The depth of the pipe below the
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Figure 2-3 highlights the main diff
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The most commonly used resins are i
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the glass fiber. The tube, which is
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3.0: DEVELOPMENT OF CIPP EVALUATION
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• The municipality would be willi
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• Measurements and/or physical sa
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Table 3-3. Laboratory Evaluation an
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4.1 Introduction 4.0: CITY OF DENVE
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Figure 4-1. Images of the Recovered
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Sample ID Figure 4-4. Soil Grain Si
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Location Table 4-5. Denver 8-in. Li
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Profile Plot Red - Steel tube Green
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Table 4-7. Results from Flexural Te
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35 Table 4-9. Comparison of Test Da
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4.2.12 Buckling Test. A steel mecha
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Figure 4-18. Pressure Gage and Pres
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4.2.13 Shore D Hardness. Durometer
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Figure 4-24. Barcol Hardness Readin
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increases and the heat of cure decr
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In summary, CCTV inspection of thre
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Figure 4-28. Thickness for Denver 4
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4.3.6.2 Downstream Sample. Seven sp
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Figure 4-34. Flexural Stress-Strain
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Table 4-18. Flexural Test Results f
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4.3.8.2 Upstream Sample. Specimens
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4.3.10 Barcol Hardness 4.3.10.1 Dow
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4.3.11.2 Downstream Sample. The Ram
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5.1 Introduction 5.0: CITY OF COLUM
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April 16, 2010 The specimen was rec
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The resulting gradation curves are
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Page 89 and 90: Figure 5-8. Average Thickness at Di
Page 91 and 92: 5.2.12 Flexural Testing. Specimens
Page 93 and 94: Figure 5-14. Flexural Stress-Strain
Page 95 and 96: Figure 5-16. Tensile Stress-Strain
Page 97 and 98: 5.2.15 Buckling Test. A mechanical
Page 99 and 100: Figure 5-24. Localized Leak on the
Page 101 and 102: Figure 5-26. Barcol Hardness Readin
Page 103 and 104: 5.3.3 Visual Inspection of Liner. I
Page 105 and 106: Figure 5-32. Ultrasonic Testing for
Page 107 and 108: Table 5-13. Geometric Data for Flex
Page 109 and 110: Figure 5-38. Shore D Hardness of Co
Page 111 and 112: 6.1 Introduction 6.0: REVIEW AND CO
Page 113 and 114: Overall, the liners appear to be ho
Page 115 and 116: age difference between the liners i
Page 117 and 118: Looking for correlations to the low
Page 119 and 120: A significantly lower range of Shor
Page 121 and 122: 7.0: RECOMMENDED TEST PROTOCOL FOR
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Page 125 and 126: Table 7-3. Overall Structure for a
Page 127 and 128: Table 8-2. CIPP and Other Rehabilit
Page 129 and 130: Table 8-5. Rehabilitation Specifica
Page 131 and 132: 113 Table 8-9. Process Verification
Page 133 and 134: Göttingen Stadtentwässerung: Göt
Page 135 and 136: experience and quality, and do not
Page 137: km of pipe and 50-year-old pipes ar
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Page 143 and 144: • Destructive testing (but will n
Page 145 and 146: In Denver, in CCTV inspections of n
Page 147 and 148: 9.2 Recommendations for Future Work
Page 149 and 150: Falter, B. 1996. “Structural Anal
Page 151 and 152: Lehmann, M.A, J.P. Schroeder and C.
Page 153 and 154: APPENDIX A LIST OF TEST STANDARDS R
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Page 157 and 158: B.1 Introduction This study was con
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Page 161 and 162: APPENDIX C INTERNATIONAL STUDY INTE
Page 163 and 164: The original Insituform liner insta
Page 165 and 166: However, the figures published by O
Page 167 and 168: exfiltration and infiltration. Any
Page 169 and 170: STW uses CIPP for virtually all of
Page 171 and 172: method. Top hat repairs to junction
Page 173 and 174: All design and construction supervi
Page 175 and 176: Process verification test samples a
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