Retrospective Evaluation of Cured-in-Place Pipe - (NEPIS)(EPA ...

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5.3.9 Tensile Testing. Specimen cutting and preparation for testing in accordance with ASTM D638 followed the procedures described earlier for the other retrospective samples. Table 5-15 provides the results from tensile testing. Using the information given in Table 5-15, the tensile stress-strain curves for all samples were developed and are presented in Figure 5-37. Location on Pipe Table 5-15. Tensile Test Results for Columbus 36-in. Liner Area Peak Load Peak Stress Mod. E (in. 2 ) (lb) (psi) (psi) 1 0.3001 971.06 3,236 324,878 2 0.3043 948.33 3,116 301,645 3 0.3745 964.13 2,574 293,714 4 0.2808 814.85 2,902 375,324 5 0.3198 946.61 2,960 280734 Average - - 2,958±251 315,259±42,504 Figure 5-37. Tensile Stress-Strain Curves (Columbus 36-in. Liner) 5.3.10 Shore D Hardness. A total of six specimens measuring approximately 1 in. × 1 in. were prepared and tested using the Shore D hardness test. A total of 36 tests were conducted on each sample: 18 tests on the inner surfaces and 18 tests on the outer surfaces. The average calculated values and their standard deviations are shown in Figure 5-38. The weighted average of Shore D hardness for the sample inner surface was calculated to be 66±4, and for the outer surface 79±2. 90
Figure 5-38. Shore D Hardness of Columbus 36-in. Liner Sample The liner hardness was found to be medium to high on the Shore D hardness scale. For the Shore D test on this sample, the inner surface has an average hardness approximately 17% less than the outer liner surface. 5.3.11 Barcol Hardness. For each of 10 specimens, a total of 36 readings of Barcol hardness were taken: 18 on the outer surface and 18 on the inner surface. The average calculated values and their standard deviations are shown in Figure 5-39. The weighted average of Barcol hardness for the sample inner surface was calculated to be 18.9±2.2 and for the outer surface 22.3 ±2.0. As for most of the liners tested, the outer surface hardness is higher than for the inner surface. For the Barcol test on this sample, the inner surface has an average harness approximately 15% less than the outer surface. Figure 5-39. Barcol Hardness Readings on Inner and Outer Surfaces (Columbus 36-in. Liner) 91
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EPA/600/R-12/004 | January 2012 | w
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DISCLAIMER The work reported in thi
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report has bee
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samples had a flexural modulus valu
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CONTENTS DISCLAIMER ...............
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4.3.10.2 Upstream Sample ..........
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9.2.2 Recommendations for Developme
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Figure 5-27. Raman Spectra for the
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AMP Asse
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1.0: INTRODUCTION This report forms
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1.2 Organization of the Report Foll
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Some sections of a sewer system may
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• The depth of the pipe below the
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Figure 2-3 highlights the main diff
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The most commonly used resins are i
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the glass fiber. The tube, which is
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3.0: DEVELOPMENT OF CIPP EVALUATION
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• The municipality would be willi
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• Measurements and/or physical sa
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Table 3-3. Laboratory Evaluation an
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4.1 Introduction 4.0: CITY OF DENVE
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Figure 4-1. Images of the Recovered
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Sample ID Figure 4-4. Soil Grain Si
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Location Table 4-5. Denver 8-in. Li
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Profile Plot Red - Steel tube Green
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Table 4-7. Results from Flexural Te
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35 Table 4-9. Comparison of Test Da
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4.2.12 Buckling Test. A steel mecha
Page 57 and 58: Figure 4-18. Pressure Gage and Pres
Page 59 and 60: 4.2.13 Shore D Hardness. Durometer
Page 61 and 62: Figure 4-24. Barcol Hardness Readin
Page 63 and 64: increases and the heat of cure decr
Page 65 and 66: In summary, CCTV inspection of thre
Page 67 and 68: Figure 4-28. Thickness for Denver 4
Page 69 and 70: 4.3.6.2 Downstream Sample. Seven sp
Page 71 and 72: Figure 4-34. Flexural Stress-Strain
Page 73 and 74: Table 4-18. Flexural Test Results f
Page 75 and 76: 4.3.8.2 Upstream Sample. Specimens
Page 77 and 78: 4.3.10 Barcol Hardness 4.3.10.1 Dow
Page 79 and 80: 4.3.11.2 Downstream Sample. The Ram
Page 81 and 82: 5.1 Introduction 5.0: CITY OF COLUM
Page 83 and 84: April 16, 2010 The specimen was rec
Page 85 and 86: The resulting gradation curves are
Page 87 and 88: Table 5-4. Soil pH at Designated Lo
Page 89 and 90: Figure 5-8. Average Thickness at Di
Page 91 and 92: 5.2.12 Flexural Testing. Specimens
Page 93 and 94: Figure 5-14. Flexural Stress-Strain
Page 95 and 96: Figure 5-16. Tensile Stress-Strain
Page 97 and 98: 5.2.15 Buckling Test. A mechanical
Page 99 and 100: Figure 5-24. Localized Leak on the
Page 101 and 102: Figure 5-26. Barcol Hardness Readin
Page 103 and 104: 5.3.3 Visual Inspection of Liner. I
Page 105 and 106: Figure 5-32. Ultrasonic Testing for
Page 107: Table 5-13. Geometric Data for Flex
Page 111 and 112: 6.1 Introduction 6.0: REVIEW AND CO
Page 113 and 114: Overall, the liners appear to be ho
Page 115 and 116: age difference between the liners i
Page 117 and 118: Looking for correlations to the low
Page 119 and 120: A significantly lower range of Shor
Page 121 and 122: 7.0: RECOMMENDED TEST PROTOCOL FOR
Page 123 and 124: combining this broadly available in
Page 125 and 126: Table 7-3. Overall Structure for a
Page 127 and 128: Table 8-2. CIPP and Other Rehabilit
Page 129 and 130: Table 8-5. Rehabilitation Specifica
Page 131 and 132: 113 Table 8-9. Process Verification
Page 133 and 134: Göttingen Stadtentwässerung: Göt
Page 135 and 136: experience and quality, and do not
Page 137 and 138: km of pipe and 50-year-old pipes ar
Page 139 and 140: methods are detailed in the Guide t
Page 141 and 142: The business of pipeline rehabilita
Page 143 and 144: • Destructive testing (but will n
Page 145 and 146: In Denver, in CCTV inspections of n
Page 147 and 148: 9.2 Recommendations for Future Work
Page 149 and 150: Falter, B. 1996. “Structural Anal
Page 151 and 152: Lehmann, M.A, J.P. Schroeder and C.
Page 153 and 154: APPENDIX A LIST OF TEST STANDARDS R
Page 155 and 156: The following table lists the non-A
Page 157 and 158: B.1 Introduction This study was con
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Mean thickness values for each cont
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APPENDIX C INTERNATIONAL STUDY INTE
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The original Insituform liner insta
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However, the figures published by O
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exfiltration and infiltration. Any
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STW uses CIPP for virtually all of
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method. Top hat repairs to junction
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All design and construction supervi
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Process verification test samples a
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consultant born out of the corporat
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BW continues to use CIPP, mainly in
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East, but has not yet had marked su
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D-1
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